120
measured speed faster than light
Fig. 6.14: The microwave experiment at the II.
Physical Institute of the University of Cologne to
measure speeds faster than light.
: Nimtz, G. : New Knowledge of Tunneling from Photonic Experiments, Proc. of
the Adriatico Research Conference, 1996, World Scientific Publishing
Company
theory of objectivity
121
6 . 1 4 Interpretation of the measured speed faster than light
Now the attempt can be undertaken, to interpret the spectacular experiments, in which a
speed faster than light has been measured. It is reported
that in experiments with
photons at the University of California in Berkeley on an average a speed of 1.7 times the
speed of light has been measured by Prof. Raymond Chiao and his co-workers. At the
Technical University of Vienna Prof. Dr. Ferenc Krausz already has obtained 2.4 times
the, according to Einstein at maximum obtainable, speed of light with tunnelling laser
light.
The first measurements of speeds faster than light have been carried out with microwaves
at the University of Cologne
by Prof. Dr. Gunter Nimtz and co-workers. They at first
had published the measurement of a speed 2.5 times the speed of light. In the meantime
they even have transmitted a symphony of Mozart with a speed almost 10 times the speed
of light and with that have contradicted Einstein's hypothesis, according to which the
speed of light in vacuum would be the highest possible speed for the transmission of
signals. The different experiments only resemble each other in the point that the particles
have to tunnel, because one has put a barrier in their way. This "tunnelling" apparently is
the cause for obtaining speeds faster than light. With the prevailing physical view of life
these measurement results are incompatible.
In the measurement set up in Cologne the microwaves are sent through a wave guide,
which they pass with the speed of light. If a parts with narrowed cross-section is inserted,
where the microwaves actually don't fit through at all, then the signal gets damped
strongly. Now however arrives nevertheless a small part of the signal at the other end of
the wire, but much faster than allowed, namely with the measurable speed faster than
light.
The answer of the here presented potential vortex theory reads as follows: the waves
picked up by the wave guide run up to the entry of the tunnel, in order to find out that they
don't fit through. They are reflected or absorbed. A small part however rolls up to
potential vortices and these fit through the tunnel. They however have to be compressed
additionally. In the derivation of the photon (fig. 4.5 and 4.6) we had seen that the inner
vortex always is faster than the bigger one, through which it slips through. The
compression therefore causes an increase in speed. In flow dynamics is known an analogy:
the Venturi-tube. The flow-technical potential vortices also confirm exactly this property.
One can as well start with the Lorentz contraction (fig. 6.6, eq. 6.14*). This states that a
particle moving with a higher speed actually becomes smaller and not only appears to be
smaller as an optical deception of the observer. Because only smaller particles fit through
the tunnel, the particles, measurable at the other end, must be correspondingly faster: quod
erat demonstrandum. In the same manner also the experiments of Berkeley can be
explained physically, because here is worked with photons from the start
. With that the
process of rolling up the wave can be left out. The tunnel lets pass only compressed and
therefore faster light particles.
: R.Y.Chiao, P.G.Kwiat, A.M.Steinberg: Schneller als Licht? Spektrum der Wiss. 10/93
: B. Schuh, Gespenstisch fixe Wellen, DIE ZEIT Nr. 45, 5.11.93, S. 43.
: Enders, A., Nimtz, G.: Photonic-tunneling experiments, Physical Review B,
Vol. 47, No. 15 (1993), pp. 96O5-96O9.
: Enders, A., Nimtz, G.: Evanescent-mode propagation and quantum tunneling,
Physical Review E, Vol. 48, No.l (1993), pp. 632-633.
122
Definition of the speed of light
"The theory of relativity is not a physical theory... it is a mathe-
matical poetic idea, a deduction from impossible premises."
Oskar Kraus
"The theory of relativity is a mathematical masquerade, behind
which is hidden an inextricable ball of a mixing up of ideas,
contradictions, fallacies, arbitrary assumptions and ignoring of
healthy logic."
Erich Ruckhaber
"The theory of relativity not only is fantastic, but also of an in-
consistency which in the history of science not yet has been
present."
Harald Nordenson
"A physics of hybrids, of contradictions and fantastic confusions,
nonsense!"
Johann Marinsek
"This is absurd."
(regarding mass-energy interpretation) _________
Nikola Tesla
"In my experiments I have destroyed billions of atoms, without
having observed any emissions of energy. "
<4i>
Nikola Tesla
Fig. 6.15: Some statements regarding the theory of relativity.
: Walter Theimer: Die Relativitatstheorie, Seite 7, Francke Verlag, Bern, 1977,
ISBN 3-772O-126O-4
: Johann Marinsek: Rationale Physik, S. 163, dbv-Verlag TU Graz, 1989, ISBN
3-7O41-O176-1
: Nikola Tesla, To Einstein's Theories, Rare Book and Manuscript Library,
Columbia University, 15.4.1932. Entnommen aus J.T.Ratzlaff: Tesla Said,
Tesla Book Company, pp. 238, ISBN O-914119-OO-1
<4i>: Nikola Tesla, Franz Ferzak World and Space Publications 1985.