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13
Possibility of preservation from extinction of sterlet sturgeon, Acipenser
ruthenus (vulnerable) in the Caspian basin using genetic manipulation
Hassanzadeh Saber
1
, M., H. Zolgharnein
2
, M. A., Salari-aliabadi
*3
& M. Yarmohammadi
4
1
Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
2
Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
3*
Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran. Email:
salari@kmsu.ac.ir
4
Genetics and Biotechnology Department, International Sturgeon Research Institute,
Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
Key words: sterlet sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, heterologous sperm, gynogenesis,
preservation.
Introduction
Sterlet,
Acipenser ruthenus belongs to the smallest, freshwater species of Acipenseridae. It has
originally inhabited the rivers
flowing into the Caspian, Black, Baltic, White, Barents and Kara
Seas and the Sea of Azov. Currently, all
the sturgeon species, including sterlet, are highly
endangered due to water pollution, construction of the dams and overfishing, and they are on
the Red List of Threatened Species IUCN (Gessner et al. 2010). Also, it may be catched for
artificial hybridization between other sturgeons such as Siberian sturgeon, Russian sturgeon
and beluga (Urbányi et al., 2004). So, overfishing could be caused extinction of this species in
the Caspian Sea and its basin. The aim of this study is possibility of male sex production in
sterlet sturgeon using gynogenesis and Siberian sturgeon's heterologous sperm for the
recovery of its deficiency.
Materials and methods
Seminal fluid of Siberian sturgeon's sperm was separated by centrifugation and was
concentrated to 10%. Then, it was exposed to UV radiation (at which wavelength) with 473
μw/cm
2
intensity and 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 sec interval duration. Then these sperm were
inseminated with normal eggs of sterlet sturgeon. In this mode, haploid gynogen was induced.
For diploidization of haploid eggs, heat shock 34°C was used for 2 min duration. Gynogen
progeny verified using DNA microsatellite markers and maintained to 18-months age for
histological analysis of gonads.
Resaults
Results show that 60 sec UV- exposured is more suitable than other durations because sperm
motility saved for egg activation. Also, diploidization was successfully performed by heat shock
exposing in the haploid eggs of sterlet sturgeon. The results of the microsatellite DNA
analysis
showed that there was no genetic contribution from the paternal genome in the gynogenetic
progeny. Histology analysis of 17 gonads of gynogenetic progeny has shown that sex
15