forest soils of slopes with wavy surface, shattered
at medium extent, with very high hazard of sliding
(25º-35º of inclination).
II. Landscapes of secondary forest and bush in low mountain areas: 4.
Secondary meadows, bushes, pastures and hayfields, covering brown forest soils of extremely
shattered and wavy south-western slopes with medium hazard of sliding (25º-35º of inclination). 5.
Forest bushes, covering light brown and partially carbonate soils on hilly and highly shattered slopes of
medium hazard of sliding (20º-35º of inclination).
III. Landscapes of shrubby meadows and steppes in
low mountain areas. 6. Meadow bushes, separate trees and pastures, spread over light brown,
blackish and carbonate forest soils of slightly shattered south-western and north-western slopes of
with high hazard of sliding (20º-25º of inclination). 7. Complexes of field and garden, composed of
sparse blackthorn, on slightly carbonate brown soils of smooth and weakly
shattered watershed areas
with less hazard of sliding (5-10º of inclination). 8. Cereals, clovers, sparse shrubs, growing over brown
carbonate mountain forest soils of highly shattered and eroded steep slopes with very high hazard of
sliding (30-35 of inclination). 9. Arid forests and shrubs of blackthorn, buckthorn, sparse oak, elm, etc.
spread over dark-brown mountain forest soils of lower mountain slopes, shattered at medium extent;
with high hazard of sliding. 10. Post-forest steppe plants, pastures and hayfields on brown forest soils
of slopes, shattered at medium extent and affected by ancient landslides; with medium hazard of
sliding. 11.
Post-forest shrubberies, spread on mountain forest soils of western slopes; shattered at
medium extent; with high hazard of sliding. 12. Mogpog, oat, various shrubs, etc., spread on brown
mountain forest soils with medium hazard of sliding. 13. Hawthorn, blackberry, blackthorn and various
kinds of grasses, covering slightly carbonate brown soils of averagely shattered mountain slopes,
violated due to anthropogenic impact; with very high hazard of sliding. 14. Cereals and shrubberies
and southwestern slopes with wavy surface shaped in post-forest areas and shattered considerably;
with high hazard of sliding (25º of inclination). 15. Various grasses and sparse
shrubs spread on brown
soils of weakly shattered slopes of dry river valleys, with very high hazard of sliding. 16.
Anthropogenically violated grassland shrubberies, safe in terms of sliding. 17. Various grasses, cereals
and partially vineyards, smooth and a little wavy watershed areas of lesser hazard of sliding. 18.
Grassland and steppe vegetation, pastures and hayfields on brown- and meadow soils of eastern and
southeastern slopes of medium hazard of sliding. 19. Post-forest mountain steppes covering brown-
and meadow soils of high hazard of sliding. 20.
Various herbs, clovers and bushes, spread on brown
soils of low-incline and wavy mountain slopes of very high hazard of sliding. 21. Pastures, widespread
in weakly shattered and less-incline smooth watersheds of low hazard of sliding. 22. Sparse
shrubberies, pastures and hayfields, spread on brown mountain soils of slopes of high hazard of sliding
(20-25º of inclination). 23. Vegetation, presented by poplar, elm, blackberry and etc. on brown
meadow soils of dry river valleys. 24. Grasslands and steppes with sparse shrubberies covering eroded
brown soils of ancient southern, southeastern and south-western slopes of very high hazard of sliding.
25. Various herbs, cereals and mostly pastures covering blackish and light chestnut soils of slopes of
smooth watershed with less hazard of sliding. 26. Post-forest shrubberies, meadows and steppes, with
smooth and less-incline surface (5-6º). 27. Orchards and vineyards covering brown forest soils in
weakly fragmented southwestern watershed with smooth surface; with hazard of sliding at medium
extent. 28. Reeds, shrubberies and tall grasses covering brown meadow soils of expanded dry valleys.
29. Sandy areas with poor soil cover in accumulative river valleys. 30. Landscapes of residential areas
of low-incline and smooth watersheds of active hazard of sliding.
Based on the map, natural complexes were grouped in 5 classes. 1.
Landscapes of very high
hazards. 2. Landscapes of high hazard. 3. Hazardous landscapes. 4. Landscapes of low hazard. 5. Landscapes
of very low hazard
.
5. Discussion
1. The used model enables to carry out this research as well as similar works in a shorter time
based on decipherment of satellite images.
2. In recent years, the study of the sensitivity of landslide areas was widely
reported by various
aspects in scientific works of researchers ( Kumtepe et al., 2011; Moreiras, 2005) from European countries,
North America and Central America. These researchers have taken into account four or eight factors at
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best. As a result of this, the extent of accuracy and reliability, as well as the possibility
of application of the
carried out research were increased.
3. These results can be used in the implementation of the future regional development
programs, landscape planning and also the organization of transport infrastructure in the southeastern part
of the Greater Caucasus.
REFERENCES
Mora S., Yahrson W. (1994): Macrozonation methodology for landslide hazard determination. - Bulletin of the
association of engineering Geology 31(1): 49-58.
Varner J. D. (1984): Landslide hazard zonation: a review of principles and practice. - United Nations Educational
Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESСO) Press, Paris
Kumtepe P, Nurlu J.,Cengiz T., Sutcu E. (2011): Heylan Diyarlılık haritalarının hazırlanmasında Cografi bilgi Sistemlerinin
kullanımı. HKM Geodezi. - Geoinformasyon ve Arazi Yönetim Dergisi 3: 41-46.
Moreiras S.M. (2005): Landslide susceptibility zonation in the Rio Mendoza Valley, Argentina. - Geomorphology 66:
344-358.
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