A case study: insights from the public education system of uzbekistan

 
BACKGROUND 
COMPULSORY EDUCATION IN UZBEKISTAN 
In Uzbekistan 11 years of education are compulsory and free, beginning with 4 
years at primary school, and followed by 2 phases of secondary education taking 5 
and 2 years respectively (Habibov, 2012). Primary school begins at age 6 and there is 
no specific leaving examination after the 4 years are complete. The next 5 years are 
spent at general secondary school from ages 10 to 15. Following that, there is a 
choice of between 2 to 3 years of upper education at either general or technical 
vocational schools (Shaturaev, 2021c). The former provides a certificate of 
completed secondary education and the opportunity to enter university, the latter a 
diploma of specialized secondary education, through a network of secondary 
vocational institutions. Unemployment remains relatively high, and there are many 
people desperately in need of new or more appropriate skills. There are several state 
and donor programs in place to address the structural training shortfall. Eventually, 
the goal is to meet European Union standards. Non-university-level tertiary education 
is provided by national enterprise training centers and many business schools, as well 
as a center that trains professionals in new economic and service fields (Shaturaev, 
2014). Higher education is available from several universities and over 50 higher 
education institutes. The flagship is the Tashkent Islamic University opened not many 
years ago. On its grounds still stands the mausoleum of the grandfather of the Mughal 
Emperor Babur dating from the 15th Century. 
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Through the research, the author picked two methods of data collection: field 
observation and analysis of available data. The first phase consists 
of observation right in the field, and interviews with school staff, 
as the purpose of the paper is to define the current obstacles in 

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