Historical interpretations inevitably took on wider political and moral
significance. Curiously, in the years after unification the often vitriolic attacks of
West German politicians and much of the western media on what was widely
labelled ‘the second German dictatorship’ in the GDR led to an almost
paradoxical nostalgia (dubbed ‘
Ostalgie
’, ‘eastalgia’) among east Germans for
aspects of everyday life and a lost sense of community in the repressive state
which they had helped to overthrow. The denunciations of what was termed a
‘totalitarian dictatorship’, and the explicit comparisons of the GDR with Nazi
Germany, made many east Germans feel that the authenticity of their own lives
and memories was being in some way distorted, even denied. The determination
of the German parliament in the 1990s to investigate the character and
consequences of the East German dictatorship led to a long-running
parliamentary inquiry (
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