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were prepared exactly by blacksmiths due to order as “daban”. After all details of
the shoe sewed the horseshoe was made on it.
Vault roller which is put into use of women till middle of XX century is
interesting from viewpoint of historical importance. The finding guiding to have an
excursion to standards way of XVIII century Azerbaijani woman has 9-centimeter
length and reminds of little roller. A part of head part planked and smoothed was
broken. These rollers was used in order women to make vault in hair. It is possible
saying that top part of roller displayed from IV site has certain decor element at
time as a result of comparison with the same setting rollers defended in Ethnog-
raphy Fund of National Museum of History of Azerbaijan.
Obtain of bullet moulds from Agsu had great significance from scientific
point of view. Though metal moulds, pins used for make moulds, copper spoon,
and lead bullet are obtained from separate squares are equipments serving the same
production field, i.e. preparation of a bullet. Due to the information, fire-arms
elaborated by Lahij masters were spred to all provinces of Shirvan, Shaki, Guba,
Baku and Garabag, as well as Dagestan and Iran. According to this fact we can say
that moulds and bullet obtained from Agsu were produced by Lahij masters living
in Agsu. Lahij crafstmen resided in the cities where population placed densely and
occupied with craftsmanship.
Existence of beads having various size, shape and material amid
archaeological materials was not casual and stressed as an expression of thinking
manner and religious-mythic range of vision of area population. Such beads and
pendents each were repeatedly stood a test and strong belief on them occured.
Remnants of those beliefs coming from long centuries are encountered today. It
was noted in ethnographic literature that due to the people belief, black jewel beads
are capable to protect a child from hallucination; jaundice beads from jaundice; eye
chaplet and cockleshell from the evil eye (it is called itgusdu among the area
population); hal anasi, generally, evil powers; mohre beads can protect a person
from stomachache. These beads are hithced to his/her clothes since the first mo-
ment of birth and hung from his/her waist, neck and feet. Sometimes some amulets
were lined up on the thread and hung from the child together. Probably protective
beads (amulets) found from IV site were at time together and shattered around
being broken. While gathering ethnographic field material, it was defined that two
beads displayed from 2a and 2 b squares were known by "haggi" name in the area
of Shirvan. According to the information, these beads were believed a lot. Due to
peopled belief, beads defend people from evil powers, and have treatment feature
at the same moment. Thus, these beads are pressed and pass through sieve during
the nose bleeding and its dust poured out to the nose. Bleeding immediately
stopped as its result. Moreover, they gained to close mouthes of dead leaving the
world with open mouth throwing beads into there as it is said amid nation. In other
case danger about dead person's taking someone with him could appear.
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One of wide-spread stones due to nation's belief is black jewel. According
to the faith, black jewel was one of the nicest means for protection from
hallucination and evil spirits. It was hung on children and recently confined
women, and sometimes under their pillows. Rosaries made of black jewel were
preferred as well. Stone of 18x8 centimeter measure found from 8th square of IV
site was a piece of rosary. There are double holes in two parallel corners of the
stone to pass to thread. 9 groves made over it are of decor kind.
Shirvan was one of leading weaving areas of Azerbaijan since the very
ancient times. Carpets weaved there met not oniy met local demands, but also
presented in world market as saleable trade product. Becoming decoration of
hundreds of museums and personal collections of the world Shirvan carpets are
handicraft works able to enrich treasure of world culture for their historical and
artistic importance. Merlons of wool hackles obtained from archaeological
excavations are valuable from viewpoint of its historical importance. Display of the
piece of wool hackle from the area is extremely natural case. It is impossible to
fancy Shirvan family without carpet, weaving without hackle.
Iron merlons worked out by smiths were applied in preparation of hackle,
one of basic production belongings of weaving. The merlons were hitched in 3
rows among paired wood piece placed together onto pedestal wood. Afterwards a
head-piece made of iron was placed on the wood to provide tenacity of merlons
over it. Holes were opened over the head-piece due to number of merlons and
distance. After head-piece was placed onto merlons ifchin it was nailed on wooden
part of hackle from each side. Wool was taken as a wisp and smoothed by hand for
combing, drewn into hackle merlon; and subsequently wool was pulled to sideways
from both sides. Iron merlons of wool hackle and a head-piece obtained from ar-
chaeological excavations are similiar to the hackle we described. Iron merlons and
head-piece displayed in 4th square of IV field oxidized and lost shape because they
were kept under the ground and wooden part decomposed and ruined. The hackle
pieces are important from standpoint of following history, technology and spread
areal of weaving.
Two billows amongst materials found by Agsu Archaeological Expedition
are belonged to distaff. Important stage of weaving preparation procedure was
wool spinning. Ethnographic materials inform existence of historically two types
of wool spinning (hand spindle and distaff). Distinctive from simple spinning
means-hand spindle, distaff-perfec tool was more productive in elaboration o
weaving string.
Main part of the distaff was made from old oak. Metal part in the distaff is
spindle. The spindle was placed in head part of wood pedestal and bloc (bobbin)
worn to it. String putting distaff in action is simultaneously worn to the spindle.
Distaff is twisted by right hand to spin string in it, while wool was given to
the string open by left hand. As a rule, as string was spinned from right to left it
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