Anna university :: chennai 600 025

EC1404 VLSI LABORATORY 0 0 3 100

1. 
   Study of Simulation using tools
   
2. 
   Study of Synthesis tools
   
3. 
   Place and Root and Back annotation for FPGAs
   
4. 
   Study of development tool for FPGAs for schematic entry and verilog
   
5. 
   Design of traffic light controller using verilog and above tools
   
6. 
   Design and simulation of pipelined serial and parallel adder to add/ subract 8 number of size, 12 bits each in 2's complement
   
7. 
   Design and simulation of back annotated verilog files for multiplying two signed, 8 bit numbers in 2's complement. Design must be pipelined and completely RTL compliant
   
8. 
   Study of FPGA board (HTTP://www.xess.com) and testing on board LEDs and switches using verilog codes
   
9. 
   Testing the traffic controller design developed in SI. NO.5 on the FPGA board
   
10. 
    Design a Realtime Clock (2 digits, 7 segments LED displays each for HRS., MTS, and SECS.) and demonstrate its working on the FPGA board. An expansion card is required for the displays.
    

EC1405 OPTICAL & MICROWAVE LAB 0 0 3 100
Experiments pertaining to Fiber optics, Optical Communication and Fiber optic sensors:

1. 
   Numerical aperture determination for fibers and Attenuation Measurement in Fibers.
   
2. 
   Mode Characteristics of Fibres – SM Fibres.
   
3. 
   Coupling Fibers to Semi-Conductor Sources – Connectors & Splices.
   
4. 
   Fiber optic communication links.
   
5. 
   LED & Photo Diode Characteristics.
   

Microwave experiments

1. 
   VSWR Measurements – Determination of terminated impedance
   
2. 
   Determination of guide wavelength, frequency measurement.
   
3. 
   Radiation Pattern of Horns, Paraboloids.
   
4. 
   Microwave Power Measurement.
   
5. 
   Characteristics of Gunn diode Oscillator.
   

EC1406 RF LABORATORY 0 0 3 100
EXPERIMENTS
Note: The required experiments can be chosen from the following experiments:
I. Experiments on Antenna:

To plot and analyse the radiation patterns of the following antennas.

1. Dipole

2. Half Wave Dipole

3. Monopole

4. Yagi Antenna

5. Boardside array

6. Endfire array

7. Loop Antenna

8. Crossed Dipole

9. Lock Periodic Antenna

10. Slot Antenna

11. Helix Antenna

12. Microstrip Antenna

II. Experiments on Coaxial Line Section:
1. Measurement of VSWR

2. Measurement of unknown impedance

3. Stub matching
III. Design and Testing of RF Circuits:
1. RF Tuned Amplifier

2. RF Oscillator

3. RF Crystal Oscillator

4. IF Amplifier

5. RF Mixer

6. RF Filters (LP, HP, BP, Notch Filter)

IV. Study of Ferrite Devices / Components:
REFERENCE:
1. Joseph J. Carr, “Secrets of RF Circuit Design”, Third Edition, McGraw – Hill.


EC1451 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 3 0 0 100
AIM

To introduce the concepts of wireless / mobile communication using cellular environment. To make the students to know about the various modulation techniques, propagation methods, coding and multi access techniques used in the mobile communication. Various wireless network systems and standards are to be introduced.

Objectives

• 
  It deals with the fundamental cellular radio concepts such as frequency reuse and handoff. This also demonstrates the principle of trunking efficiency and how trunking and interference issues between mobile and base stations combine to affect the overall capacity of cellular systems.
  
• 
  It presents different ways to radio propagation models and predict the large – scale effects of radio propagation in many operating environment. This also covers small propagation effects such as fading, time delay spread and Doppler spread and describes how to measures and model the impact that signal bandwidth and motion have on the instantaneous received signal through the multi-path channel.
  
• 
  It provides idea about analog and digital modulation techniques used in wireless communication. It also deals with the different types of equalization techniques and diversity concepts.
  
• 
  It provides an introduction to speech coding principles which have driven the development of adaptive pulse code modulation and linear predictive coding techniques are presented. This unit also describes the time, frequency code division multiple access techniques as well as more recent multiple access technique such as space division multiple access.
  
• 
  It deals with second generation and third generation wireless networks and worldwide wireless standards.
  

UNIT I CELLULAR CONCEPT AND SYSTEM DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS 9

Introduction to wireless communication: Evolution of mobile communications, mobile radio systems- Examples, trends in cellular radio and personal communications.

Cellular Concept: Frequency reuse, channel assignment, hand off, Interference and system capacity, tracking and grade of service, Improving Coverage and capacity in Cellular systems.
UNIT II Mobile Radio Propagation 9

Free space propagation model, reflection, diffraction, scattering, link budget design, Outdoor Propagation models, Indoor propagation models, Small scale Multipath propagation, Impulse model, Small scale Multipath measurements, parameters of Mobile multipath channels, types of small scale fading, statistical models for multipath fading channels.

UNIT III MODULATION TECHNIQUES AND EQUALIZATION 9

Modulation Techniques: Minimum Shift Keying, Gauss ion MSK, M-ary QAM, M-ary FSK, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Performance of Digital Modulation in Slow-Flat Fading Channels and Frequency Selective Mobile Channels. Equalization: Survey of Equalization Techniques, Linear Equalization, Non-linear Equalization, Algorithms for Adaptive Equalization. Diversity Techniques, RAKE receiver.

UNIT IV CODING AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES 9

Coding: Vocoders, Linear Predictive Coders, Selection of Speech Coders for Mobile Communication, GSM Codec, RS codes for CDPD. Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA, Capacity of Cellular CDMA and SDMA.


UNIT V WIRELESS SYSTEMS AND STANDARDS 9

Second Generation and Third Generation Wireless Networks and Standards, WLL, Blue tooth. AMPS, GSM, IS-95 and DECT

TOTAL : 45

TEXT BOOK

1. 
   T.S.Rappaport, “Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition, Pearson Education/ Prentice Hall of India, Third Indian Reprint 2003.
   

REFERENCES

1. R. Blake, “ Wireless Communication Technology”, Thomson Delmar, 2003.

2. 
   W.C.Y.Lee, "Mobile Communications Engineering: Theory and applications, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill International, 1998.
   
3. 
   Stephen G. Wilson, “ Digital Modulation and Coding”, Pearson Education, 2003.
   

IT1353 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 0 0 100

AIM

To give sufficient background for undertaking embedded systems design.

OBJECTIVES

• 
  To introduce students to the embedded systems, its hardware and software.
  
• 
  To introduce devices and buses used for embedded networking.
  
• 
  To explain programming concepts and embedded programming in C and C++.
  
• 
  To explain real time operating systems, inter-task communication and an exemplary case of MUCOS – IIRTOS.