Etan-main text

Education, under the auspices of UNESCO. She was a member of the
Italian National Committee on Economics, Statistics and Sociology and of
the Italian National Committee on the Environment. She is chairing the
Commission for the Valorisation of Women in Science at the National
Research Council. She has written books and articles on the situation of
women in the Italian research system.
Leena Peltonen
 (born 1952) is currently Chair of Human Genetics at
UCLA School of Medicine and also Professor of Medical Genetics in the
University of Helsinki and National Public Health Institute, Finland.  Her
research is targeted into disease genes and molecular biology of human
diseases.  Using special population resources of Finland, she has identified
numerous disease genes and analysed the molecular pathogenesis of human
neurological diseases. She has received several international prizes and
awards and she is a Member of Academia Europaea, and the European
Molecular Biology Organisation.  She served as a Chairman of Medical
Research Council of the Academy of Finland 1995-1997 and as a Chairman
of the European Medical Research Council in 1996-1998. She is a Member
of the International Council of HUGO, the EURESCO Scientific Steering
Committee and International Bioethics Committee of UNESCO. In 1996-
1998 she chaired a working group of the Academy of Finland which
evaluated the academic career opportunities for women and proposed
actions to eliminate the observed obstacles.
Carmen Vela
 (born 1955) is manager director at INGENASA, a small
company based in Madrid. She is a biochemist by training with seventeen
years of research experience and actively involved in several research projects
in immunology and virology. She is the author of several patents granted in
the USA and Europe.  She is an expert evaluator from the small and medium
sized enterprise industry border on Biotechnology in national and European
programmes and organisations. She was a member of the second European
Science and Technology Assembly (ESTA) from 1997-1998.
Dominique Weis 
(born 1957) has made a scientific career in three countries:
Belgium, US and France. She is an Earth scientist, specialising in isotope
geochemistry with an impressive publication record (over 70 papers
published and more than 150 communications at scientific meetings). Since
1998, she has a position as Directeur de Recherches with the Belgium
FNRS (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique) and has recently been a
Visiting Professor at Paris VII University and a Visiting Fellow at the
Carnegie Institution of Washington. She is a Council member of the
European Union of Geosciences, and a Life and Environmental Standing
Committee member of the ESF. In 1992, she was the first woman to be
awarded the Prix Alumni (national young scientist award). She was a speaker
at the 1998 European Commission conference on Women in Science.
Agnes Wold
  (born 1955) is a microbiologist and immunologist (MD, PhD)
and associate Professor at the Dept. of Clinical Immunology, Göteborg
University, Sweden. She defended her doctoral thesis in 1989 and spent one
year as a post-doc in Chapel Hill, North Carolina in 1991. Her field of
interest is the normal intestinal microflora and its interaction with the
mucosal immune system. She is a member of the Karolinska Institute board
of directors. Together with Christine Wennerås, she published a study of the
evaluation of male and female applicants for postdoctoral positions at the
Swedish MRC, entitled ‘Nepotism and sexism in peer-review’, Nature, May,
1997.
Notes on ETAN network members
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Science policies in the European Union
Alternates
Joan Mason
 (born 1923) is a chemist.  After attending Cambridge
University she did post-docs at the University of Southern California, Ohio
State University, and University College London, She then encountered
discrimination and dropped out for eight years (and 3 children), eventually
returning to chemistry at the University of East Anglia. Appointed to the
Open University in 1970, she contributed to many courses in science (and
women’s studies) receiving the ScD (Cantab) and a readership for her
research. She edited and partly wrote Multinuclear NMR (New York: Plenum
1987).  She has written extensively on women in science, historical studies
and current issues.  She was secretary of the UK Office for Science and
Technology working group that produced The Rising Tide. This led to the
founding of the Association for Women in Science and Engineering, which
she chairs.
Christine Wennerås
 MD, PhD (born 1963) is an assistant professor at the
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Göteborg
University, Sweden. She defended her doctoral thesis in 1993 and spent two
years as a post-doc at the Pasteur Institute, Paris in 1996/7. Her fields of
interest are diarrheal pathogens (toxigenic E. coli and Shigella) and their
interaction with the innate immune system and enteric nervous system.
Together with Agnes Wold she published a study of the evaluation of male
and female applicants for postdoctoral positions at the Swedish MRC,
entitled ‘Nepotism and sexism in peer-review’, Nature, May, 1997
Acknowledgements
We thank all those who provided data for the report, especially the
following: 
Ausrtia:
 Günther Bauer, Sandra Mukherjee-Cosmidis; 
Australia:
 Jo
Justin, Alison Wells; 
Belgium:
 Elisabeth Kokkelkoren, Manu Monard, Joel
Vandekerckhove, Koen Verlaecht; 
Canada:
 Sophie Nina; 
Denmark: 
Julio Celis,
Pia Grüner, Hanne Niss; 
Finland: 
Liisa Husu, Hannele Kurki; 
France:
 Pascale
Cossart, Michèle Crance, Françoise Cyrot, Huguette Delavault, Marie-Jo
Delord, Francine Demichel, Claire Dupas, Colette Guillopé, Danièle Hulin,
Colette Kreder, Danuta Krotoski, Patricia Lutse, Sylvie Langlois, Michèle
Leduc, Claudine Peretti, Veronica Schauinger-Horne, Jacques Sevin,
Françoise Soussaline, MosheYaniv; 
Germany:
 Edelgard Daub, Frank Gannon,
Juergen Guedler, Arnulf Hache, Brigitte Mühlenbruch, Fotis Kafatos, Sybille
Krummacher, Ulrike Petersen, Jennifer Schulze-Eyssing, Karin Wicke;
Greece:
 Anastasia Politou; 
Ireland:
 Jacqueline Allan, Tom Casey, Aideen Hogan;
Israel:
 Naomi Gal, Hagit Messer-Yaron; 
Italy:
 Glauco Tocchini-Valentini, Pier
Carlo Marchisio; 
Netherlands:
 Margo Brouns, Eldrid Bringmann, Irene van
Houten, Margit van der Steen; 
New Zealand:
 Junjia Liu; 
Norway:
 Britt H.
Bruaas; 
Poland:
 Jadwiga Mirecka; 
Portugal:
 Maria Carmo-Fonseca, Isabel
Horta Goncalves, , Teresa Patricio, Lurdes Rodrigues; 
Spain:
 Mariano Alvaro,
Mary Nash, Cesar Nombela, Dolores M.Cao, Margarita Salas, Julio R.
Villaneva; 
Sweden:
 Inger Munkhammar, Peter Skatt; 
Switzerland:
 Annalise
Eggimann, Werner  Zapf; 
United Kingdom:
 Peter Colyer, Jonathan Grant, Kate
Kaye, Lawrence Low, Debbie Millard, John Tooze, Keith Wylde; 
US:
 Mary
Clutter, Londa Schiebinger; 
EU Commission:
 Piet van Zeeland, Campbell
Warden.
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