Contemporary Problems of Social Work Современные проблемы социальной работы academic journal

172
CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL WORK
The test plants are characterized by low capacity accumulator with respect to the studied 
elements (Table 13).
Table 13
Coefficient of Bioaccumulation
Crop
Pb
Cd
Cu
Zn
Ni
Cr
Mn
Fe
1
st
 zone
Carrot
0,005
0,407
0,028
0,052
0,002
0,0002
0,049
0,0002
Potatoes
0,001
0,407
0,018
0,047
0,002
0,0006
0,015
0,0003
Beet
0,005
0,089
0,028
0,087
0,002
0,0002
0,011
0,0001
Cabbage
0,009
0,019
0,045
0,126
0,008
0,0005
0,029
0,0003
2
nd
 zone
Carrot
0,009
0,040
0,021
0,036
0,002
0,0003
0,028
0,0002
Potatoes
0,001
0,085
0,021
0,043
0,004
0,0006
0,016
0,0003
Beet
0,007
0,070
0,033
0,102
0,002
0,0004
0,052
0,0002
Cabbage
0,008
0,010
0,018
0,099
0,001
0,0002
0,011
0,0002
3
rd
 zone
Carrot
0,005
0,045
0,021
0,030
0,003
0,0005
0,068
0,0003
Potatoes
0,012
0,050
0,018
0,049
0,003
0,0006
0,017
0,0004
Beet
0,009
0,125
0,029
0,203
0,003
0,0003
0,011
0,0002
Correlation analysis of communication content in the soils of the mobile forms of metals 
accumulation in vegetables grown revealed significant positive strong relationship (r = 0,70 – 
0,87) for Pb in the beet, Cd in the carrot and beet, beet in Cu; medium strength (r = 0,33 – 0,56) 
for Pb in potatoes and carrots, Cd, Cu, Mn in potatoes, beets in Cr, Fe in potatoes and beet, Zn all 
vegetables (Table 14).
Table 14
Correlation Between the Metal Content in the Soil and Products Grown 
in Sterlitamak District
Crop
Form of met-
als in soil
The correlation coefficient soil 
– plant
Рb
Cd
Сu
Zn
Ni
Сr
Мn
Fе
Carrot
Gross
0,06
0,88
0,73
0,44
-0,48
-0,21
0,38
0,12
Mobile
0,41
0,76
0,20
0,33
-0,10
0,24
0,27
0,08
Potatoes
Gross
0,18
0,56
0,21
0,63
-0,13
0,56
-0,38
0,41
Mobile
0,33
0,35
0,52
0,56
0,02
0,20
0,33
0,38
Beet
Gross
0,54
0,86
0,23
0,56
0,19
-0,75
-0,61
0,29
Mobile
0,71
0,87
0,70
0,48
0,03
0,31
0,16
0,46
In the form of the gross metal content in the soil and in the roots and tubers of a direct 
link for Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe (r = 0,38 – 0,88), for Ni direct link has been established. Inverse 
correlations identified for the Mn content in the potato, Ni in carrots (r = –0,38 and –0,48, 
respectively), Mn beet (r = –0,61), for the content of Cr (r = –0,75 ) in beet and total forms 
of metals in the soil. Established correlations can be used for indirect estimation of metal 
contamination of the environment objects.
It is known that heavy metals to animals come primarily with food and water. Milk cattle as 
a biological environment is an integral indicator reflecting the pollution of the environment 
[15; 21].

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173
VOLUME 2, No. 1, 2016
Analysis of the results showed that heavy metals in concentrations exceeding hygienic 
standards (Table 15) were found in samples of milk.
Table 15
Average Heavy Metal Content in Cow’s Milk Agro-Industrial Area, Mg/Kg
Indicator
1
st
 zone
2
nd
 zone
3
rd
 zone
MPC
Pb
0,254±0,072
0,114±0,007
0,127±0,030
0,1
Cd
0,007±0,001
0,008±0,001
0,004±0,001
0,03
Cu
0,017±0,001
0,018±0,003
0,017±0,002
0,5
Zn
2,190±0,09
2,200±0,28
4,560±1,05
5,0
Ni
0,008±0,001
0,020±0,002
0,009±0,001
0,1
Mn
0,022±0,004
0,012±0,001
0,027±0,003
-
Cr
0,085±0,014
0,048±0,001
0,059±0,003
0,1
Fe
0,740±0,02
0,670±0,01
0,630±0,03
3,0
Note: «–» – there are no regulations.
Thus, the excess of the permissible level of Рb detected in milk samples taken in the 2nd and 
3rd zones (up to 1,5 MPC), the first zone (up to 2,6 MPC).
The drinking water is not revealed exceedances of health standards on any metal.
For water samples 2nd zone is characterized by the highest content of Cu, Zn and Fe. The 
maximum Ni content is detected in the water of third zone.
Potable water is characterized by a slightly alkaline reaction (pH = 7,48 – 7,67) and high 
hardness (8,0 – 11,3 °R (rigidity index)). All water samples revealed exceeding the hygienic 
requirements for hardness [4].
State of the environment in the industrialized regions and cities characterized by high 
development pressure [3; 14; 19]. One of the most common types of man-made change is 
the environmental pollution by heavy metals, capable of accumulating in human and animals, 
incorporated in a metabolic cycle.
This problem is very relevant and in the Bashkortostan Republic – the region with peculiar 
climatic conditions and developed industry.
The largest contribution to the pollution of the natural environment of the Bashkortostan 
Republic with heavy metals are making businesses of oil refining, chemical, mining and 
metallurgical industries, as well as the use of chemicals in agriculture and road transport.
Materials of State report on sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Bashkortostan 
Republic indicate that the subject of the Russian Federation refers to the territories of the 
relative risk indicators of primary and general morbidity of the population who have a tendency 
to grow.
The list of investigated heavy metals was formed, based on the specifics of anthropogenic 
load the study area and the elements found in a series of industrial enterprises located in 
Sterlitamak district.
Analysis of climatic conditions allowed us to estimate the study area as unfavorable for 
dispersion of emissions with low self-purification ability, seasonal changes in natural conditions 
with the constant exposure to man-made industrial facilities.
Environmental pollution by heavy metals determines the need to examine their content 
in components of the environment and in human foods [18; 20]. In connection with this 
eco-geochemical assessment of the components of the environment was conducted and 
studied characteristics of migration of heavy metals in agrobiocenosis Sterlitamak district of 
Bashkortostan, experiencing intense human impacts due to the presence of a large number of 
industrial enterprises.

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