Horvath et al.
e20200160-3
phasis is on the way nucleosynthesis, and therefore the
different elements created, varies as a function of the
mass of a star and the stage of its lifetime, although
details of the many different nucleosynthesis pathways
for stars of differing masses are not assessed [5].
Other related items are
HS-ESS1-1, develop a model based on evidence to il-
lustrate the life span of the Sun and the role of nuclear
fusion in the Sun’s core to release energy that eventu-
ally reaches Earth in the form of radiation, emphasizing
energy transfer mechanisms from the Sun’s core to the
Earth and observations of masses and lifetimes of other
stars.
HS-ESS1-2,construct an explanation of the Big Bang
theory based on astronomical evidence of light spec-
tra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of mat-
ter in the universe, with emphasis on the astronomical
evidence of the red shift of light from galaxies as an
indication that the Universe is currently expanding, the
cosmic microwave background as the remnant radiation
from the Big Bang, and the observed composition of ordi-
nary matter of the universe, primarily found in stars and
interstellar gases (from the spectra of electromagnetic
radiation from stars), which matches that predicted by
the Big Bang theory (3/4 hydrogen and 1/4 helium).
HS-ESS1-5, evaluate evidence of the past and current
movements of continental and oceanic crust and the
theory of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal
rocks.
HS-ESS1-6, apply scientific reasoning and evidence from
ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary
surfaces to construct an account of Earth’s formation and
early history, with emphasis on using available evidence
within the Solar System to reconstruct the early history
of Earth, which formed along with the rest of the solar
system 4.6 billion years ago. Examples of evidence in-
clude the absolute ages of ancient materials (obtained
by radiometric dating of meteorites, moon rocks, and
Earth’s oldest minerals), the sizes and compositions of
Solar System objects, and the impact crater record of
planetary surfaces.
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