113
Mosul Consul Assistant C.A. Rassam and Mr.
Ainsworth and lots of others were charged at the area
by different missonary organizaitons.
210
Generally, as a result of field works about non-
Muslims who lived at Ottoman and Iran lands,
geography where Armenians lived, community's social
and cultural structure and economical detections were
sent to countries as reports.
Although
the
existence
of
particularly
ecclesiastics
and
Armenians
who
embraced
protestantism irritated the Armenian Church, a formal
Armenian Missionary name started to be used with the
schools, churches, presses and hospitals that were
established at Istanbul the capital of Ottoman to
Anatolia.
At Istanbul to be centered, Trabzon at 1835,
Erzurum 1839 and at Urmiye, Iran in 1835 Missionary
organizations
were
established.
Missionary
organizations established at Sivas in 1851, Merzifon
and Adana in 1852, at Diyarbakır in 1853, at Talas,
Urfa and Maras in 1854, at Harput in 1855 and at
Tarsus in 1859 followed the others. The missionary
organizations in Ottoman government called West
Turkey Mission, Central Turkey Mission and East
Turkey Mission focused on non-Muslim population
intensely.
211
Armenians on the Agenda of the British and
the Russian
At 18th century with his great achievement
industrial revolution England put India on the top
among the others colonies she had. In this context, the
210
Uygur Kocabaşoğlu, (The missionary schools at Ottoman Empire at
19th Century with America’s own docements at Anatolia)
Anadolu’daki
Amerika-Kendi Belgeleriyle 19.yy.’da Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda
Amerikan Misyoner Okulları, Ankara, 2000; Anzerlioğlu, op.cit.
211
look: Anzerlioğlu, op.cit.; Kocabaşoğlu, op.cit.
114
security of the Mediterranian based colonial road from
London to India became the vital point for her. As the
biggest
danger for this road, Russia fronted Britain.
Hence, one side of Russian expansionism was
Asia and far east and the other one wasthe policy called
proceeding to warm seas. For this goal, espacially the
Balkans and Caucasus; also the lands under the
administration of Ottoman and Iran were the target for
Russian policy. To eliminate the Russian danger,
England needed to collaborate with Ottoman the great
power of the past but the 'sick man' of the current time.
Accordingly, protection of the territorial integrity of
Ottoman that deprived of the power to protect itself at
1877-1878 was the essential for England till Ottoman-
Russia war.
British statesman Lord J. Russel summarizes the
situation with those of his words:
''If we can
not stop Russia on Danube, we would
have to stop them on the shores of Indus one day''
212
In this way while stopping Russia on Danube
was essential
for all Britain colonial land, Britain would
not lean to the offer of sharing the lands Ottoman
whom Russia called 'sick man' with Russia and prefer
another way to keep Ottoman Empire alive to prevent
Russian expansionism.
In the mids of 1850 it can be said that besides
sharing Ottoman lands, the continuity of Russian
expansionism started to be related with the holy places
and the protection of Orthodox population by Russia
and so it gave a birth to a brand new crisis.
213
After the
212
Mustafa Öztürk, ( The Politics of Western States on Ottoman Empire
and The Effects of it to Foreign Policy of Ottoman)“Batılı Devletlerin
Osmanlı üzerindeki Politikaları ve Bunun Osmanlı Dış Politikasına Etkisi
“
Turkish Foreign Policy- Ottoman Period, İstanbul 2008, p.359–360.
213
Kamuran Gürün,
The Armenian File, The Myth of Innocence Exposed,
İstanbul, 2007, s.67