22
T. Denham,
Police Reform and Gender (Geneva: DCAF, OSCE/ODIHR, UN-INSTRAW, 2008).
23
R. Mukherjee and O. Gokcekus, ‘Gender and Corruption in the Public Service’, in R. Hodess et al. (eds),
Global
Corruption Report 2004 (London: Pluto, 2004): 337–339.
24
Focus, ‘Polizei-Korruption: Der Sumpf wird größer’,
Focus no. 1, 2 January 1995.
25
P. Grabosky, ‘Private Sponsorship of Public Policing’,
Police Practice and Research 8, no. 1 (2007): 5–16.
26
M. Mollen,
Commission Report: Commission to Investigate Allegations of Police Corruption and the Anti-Corruption
Procedures of the Police Department (New York: The Commission, 1994).
27
The definition of good governance in the context of this toolkit refers to the measures adopted or considered
necessary to ensure that conditions are optimal for police officers to display the integrity expected of them, and
that corrupt officers are detected and dealt with appropriately.
28
Amnesty
International,
Above the Law: Police Accountability in Angola (London: Amnesty International, 2007).
29
P. Grabosky, ‘Police as International Peacekeepers’,
Policing and Society 19, no. 2 (2009): 101–105.
30
S. Mendelson,
Barracks and Brothels: Peacekeepers and Human Trafficking in the Balkans (Washington DC: CSIS
Press, 2005).
31
T. Leggett,
Crime and Development in Central America (Vienna: UN Office on Drugs and Crime, 2007).
32
W. Knapp et al.,
The Knapp Commission Report on Police Corruption (New York: Braziller, 1973).
33
J. Quah, ‘Preventing Police Corruption in Singapore: The Role of Recruitment, Training and Socialisation’,
Asia
Pacific Journal of Public Administration 28, no. 1 (2006): 59–75.
34
R. Roberg and J. Kuykendall,
Police and Society (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993).
35
B. de Speville,
Hong Kong: Policy Initiatives against Corruption (Paris: OECD, 1997).
Chapter 2:
36
E. H. Schein,
Organizational Culture and Leadership (San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass, 2004).
37
E. Cobut and G. Bomal,
Motiver, être motivé et réussir ensemble (Liège: Edipro-Editions des CCI de Wallonie, 2009).
38
G. Bourdoux, ‘Déontologie, éthique… Police: quelques notions’, in
Policing, Ethics and Corruption, proceedings of
colloquium in Brussels, September/October 2002 (Brussels: Editions Politeia, 2004).
39
US Institute of Peace, ‘Fighting Corruption in Security Sector Reform’, Peace Brief No. 32 (Washington, DC:
USIP, 2010).
40
E. Reuss-Ianni and F. Ianni,
Two Cultures of Policing (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books, 1983).
41
H. Goldstein,
Police Corruption: A Perspective on Its Nature and Control (Washington, DC: Police Foundation, 1975).
42
J. H. Skolnick,
Justice without Trial: Law Enforcement in Democratic Society (New York: Wiley, 1966).
43
J. Crank,
Understanding Police Culture, 2nd ed. (Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing, 2004).
44
B. F. Kingshott, ‘Ethics of Policing: A Study of English Police Codes’, unpublished doctoral thesis, University
of Exeter (2001).
45
See http://pachome1.pacific.net.sg/~thk/risk.html.
46
The majority of these items are taken from the conduct standards of the Interpol Group of Experts on
Corruption, Recommendation (2000) 10 of the
Council of Europe, the Inter-American Convention against
Corruption of the Organization of American States, the Annex to the recommendation of the Council on OECD
guidelines for managing conflict of interest in the public service and the International Code of Conduct for Public
Officials (Annex of General Assembly Resolution 51/59: Action against Corruption).
47
M. Girodo, ‘BRASS: Strategies for Strengthening Police Integrity’, in
Policing, Ethics and Corruption, proceedings
of colloquium in Brussels, September/October 2002 (Brussels: Editions Politeia, 2004).
48
T. Denham, ‘Police Reform and Gender’, in Megan Bastick and Kristin Valasek (eds.),
Gender and Security Sector
Reform Toolkit (Geneva: DCAF, OSCE/ODIHR, UN-INSTRAW, 2008): 16.
49
Denham, note 13 above: 19.
50
Denham, note 13 above: 19.
51
Denham, note 13 above: 19.
Chapter 3:
52
Complementary information can be
found in Pierre Aepli, Olivier Ribaux and Everett Summerfield
, Decision
Making in Policing: Operations and Management (Lausanne: EPFL Press, 2011).
53
Developments on this topic can be found in Aepli, Ribaux and Summerfield, note 1 above.
54
J. Hudzik and G. Cordner,
Planning in Criminal Justice Organizations and Systems (New York and London:
Macmillan, 1983).
371
55
Adapted from M. Sparrow,
Implementing Community Policing. Perspectives on Policing (Washington, DC: National
Institute of Justice and Harvard University, 1988).
56
E. A. Lusher, ‘Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the New South Wales Police Administration’ (Sydney:
NSW Government Printer, 1981).
57
E. R. Maguire,
Organization Structure in American Police Agencies: Context, Complexity, and Control (Albany, NY:
SUNY Press, 2003): 11.
58
Willard M. Oliver,
Community-oriented Policing (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2008).
59
Peter Drucker,
Management, Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (Geneva: Management Editions (Europe) Dirmas,
1974): 517–599.
60
This section is largely inspired by Aepli, Ribaux and Summerfield, note 1 above.
61
Frances Hesselbein, Marshall Goldsmith and Richard Beckhard (eds),
The Leader of the Future, Drucker
Foundation series (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1996).
62
W.
Bennis,
On Becoming a Leader: The Leadership Classic (Reading, MA: Perseus Books, 1989).
63
J.
Maxwell,
The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1998).
64
G. Newham, ‘Tackling Police Corruption in South Africa’, research report, Centre for Study of
Violence and
Reconciliation, July 2002, available at
www.csvr.org.zaJwits/papers/papoli14.htm.
65
Newham, note 13 above.
66
Full details of the case can be found on the FBI website at www.fbi.gov/baltimore/press-releases/2011/ten-
baltimore-police-officers-auto-repair-shop-owner-and-employee-previously-charged-in-extortion-scheme-are-
indicted
67
J. Chan and D. Dixon, ‘The Politics of Police Reform’,
Criminology and Criminal Justice 7, no. 4 (2007): 443–468.
68
T. Newburn, ‘Understanding and Preventing Police Corruption: Lessons from the Literature’, Police Research
Series Paper 110 (London: Home Office Research Development and Statistics Directorate, 1999).
69
J. Kleinig,
The Ethics of Policing (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
70
Lord Nolan, ‘First Report of the Committee on Standards in Public Life’ (London: The Stationery Office,
1998).
71
T. Jones, T. Newburn and D. J. Smith,
Democracy and Policing (London: Policy Studies Institute, 1994).
72
Further develkopments can be found in Pierre Aepli, Olivier Ribaux and Everett Summerfield
, Decision Making
in Policing: Operations and Management (Lausanne: EPFL Press, 2011).
73
Willard M. Oliver,
Community-Oriented Policing: A Systemic Approach to Policing (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson
Prentice Hall, 2008): 304–305.
74
BBC News, 18 October 2005;
The Sunday Mirror, 17 August 2003; www.theindychannel.com, 2 July 2008.
75
P. Burns and D. K. Sechrest, ‘Police Corruption: The Miami Case’,
Journal of Criminal Justice and Behavior 19, no.
3 (1992): 294–313.
76
This operation was carried out with assistance from the EU Police Mission to BiH.
77
Based on the Swedish National Police Board’s experiences of capacity building in South Africa and Rwanda.
78
See James Harrison and Mary Cunneen,
An Independent Police Complaints Commission (London: Liberty, 2000): 2–
3; G. E. Fitzgerald,
Commission of Inquiry into Possible Illegal Activities and Associated Police Misconduct (Brisbane:
Queensland Commission of Inquiry, 1987); J. R. T. Wood,
Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service,
Vols. 1 & 2 (Sydney: Government of State of New South Wales, 1997).
79
Christopher Murphy and Paul McKenna, ‘Police Investigating Police: A Critical Analysis of the Literature’,
Commission for Public Complaints against the RCMP, August 2010, available at www.cpc-
cpp.gc.ca/prr/inv/police/projet-pip-pep-eng.aspx.
80
See for example UN General Assembly, ‘International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights’, 16 December
1966, UN Treaty Series Vol. 999, available at www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6b3aa0.html, Article 2(3); UN
General Assembly, ‘Convention against Torture
and Other Cruel, Inhumane or Degrading Treatment or
Punishment’, 10 December 1984, UN Treaty Series Vol. 1465, available at
www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6b3a94.html, Article 12.
81
UN General Assembly, ‘United Nations Convention against Corruption’, 31 October 2003, A/58/422,
available at www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4374b9524.html; CoE Committee of Ministers, ‘Recommendation
Rec(2001)10 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the European Code of Police Ethics’, adopted
19 September 2001.
372