Appendix 2-5: Rejected ecotox bibliography Excluded
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Keywords: Diazinon Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals Keywords: Ethanol Keywords: Nitrogen Keywords: Parathion English. Date revised - 2009-03-01. Last updated - 2011-12-14. DOI - MD-0009355476; 9054942; 0379-0738. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parathion; Chlorpyrifos; Malathion; Diazinon; Mass spectroscopy; Nitrogen; Data processing; Ethanol; Streams; Gas chromatography; Pesticides (organophosphorus) 506. Park, Y.; Im, A. R.; Hong, Y. N.; Kim, C. K., and Kim, Y. S. Detection of Malathion, Fenthion and Methidathion by Using Heparin-Reduced Gold Nanoparticles. Rec #: 8860 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: ABSTRACT: Green-synthesized gold nanoparticles were utilized for the detection of organophosphorous pesticides. Heparin, one of glycosaminoglycans, was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The reaction conditions were optimized, and high resolution-transmission electron microscopic images revealed gold nanoparticles of various shapes. Organophosphorous pesticides in water were detected by simply mixing them with gold nanoparticles. NaCl induced a color change in the mixed solution from wine-red to purple-blue that was dependent on the pesticide concentration in the range of 10-1,000 ppb. Gold nanoparticles were immobilized on a silica gel matrix in order to prepare solid supports for removing pesticides. The incorporation of atomic gold and heparin bound to 2 g of silica gel was determined 4,058 ppm and 33 microg as measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry and carbazole assay, respectively. AuNPs-immobilized silica gel columns were successfully applied for removing fenthion in water confirmed by RP-HPLC and FT-IR analyses. MESH HEADINGS: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MESH HEADINGS: Fenthion/*analysis MESH HEADINGS: Gold/*chemistry MESH HEADINGS: Heparin/*chemistry MESH HEADINGS: Malathion/*analysis MESH HEADINGS: *Metal Nanoparticles MESH HEADINGS: Microscopy, Electron, Transmission MESH HEADINGS: Organothiophosphorus Compounds/*analysis MESH HEADINGS: Pesticides/*analysis/isolation & MESH HEADINGS: purification MESH HEADINGS: Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis/isolation & MESH HEADINGS: purification eng 507. Parrish, P. R.; Dyar, E. E.; Lindberg, M. A.; Shanika, C. M., and Enos, J. M. Chronic Toxicity of Methoxychlor, Malathion, and Carbofuran to Sheepshead Minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus). 1977: 36 p. Rec #: 1030 Keywords: PUBL AS Call Number: NO PUBL AS (CBF,MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: CBF,MLN,MXC 508. Patee, R. K. 1965 Report on the Low Volume Application of Malathion. 3472//: 1965. Rec #: 830 Keywords: NO SOURCE Call Number: NO SOURCE (MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN 509. Pauli, B. D. and Money, S. Ecotoxicology of Pesticides in Reptiles. 2000: 269-324. Rec #: 1610 Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (24D,24DXY,AZ,AlP,BDF,BML,CBNDS,CLC,CPC,CYP,CaCN,DCF,DM,DPC,DZ,ES,FNV,KNO3,MB,MLN,MOM,MP,MgP,NAPH,NaCN,NaNO3,PAHs,PLL,PMR,PPCP,RTN,SFF,SFR,SMT,STCH,TBC,TCF,WFN,ZnP), NO REVIEW (24D,24DXY,AZ,AlP,BDF,BML,CBNDS,CLC,CPC,CYP,CaCN,DCF,DM,DPC,DZ,ES,FNV,KNO3,MB,MLN,MOM,MP,MgP,NAPH,NaCN,NaNO3,PAHs,PLL,PMR,PPCP,RTN,SFF,SFR,SMT,STCH,TBC,TCF,WFN,ZnP) Notes: Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,AND,AZ,AlP,BDF,BML,CBNDS,CHD,CLC,CPC,CYP,CaCN,DCF,DDE,DDT,DLD,DM,DPC,DZ,EN,EPRN,ES,FML,FNV,HCCH,HPT,KNO3,MB,MBZ,MLN,MOM,MP,MRX,MgP,NAPH,NaCN,NaFA,NaNO3,PLL,PMR,PPCP,PPHD,PRN,RTN,SFF,SFR,SMT,STCH,TBA,TBC,TCF,TXP,WFN,ZnP 510. Pauli, B. D.; Perrault, J. A., and Money, S. L. RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature. 2000: 494 p. Rec #: 1270 Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (1Major ions,24D,24DXY,ACL,ACP,ADC,ANT,ATN,ATZ,AZ,Ag,AgN,As,BDF,BRA,BTY,CBD,CBF,CBL,CMPH,CN,CPY,CTN,CYF,CYH,CYP,CaCl2,Conazoles,Cr,Cr element,Cu,CuS,DCTP,DDVP,DFZ,DM,DMB,DMT,DS,DU,DZ,EFV,EP,ES,ETHN,FMP,FNT,FNV,FPP,GYP,Halides,IMC,IODN,LNR,MCB,MDT,MLN,MLO,MLT,MLX,MOM,MP,MTL,MTPN,MVP,MYC,MZB,Maneb,NAPH,NCTN,NH3,NHN,NNCT,NaBr,NaNO3,Naled,OML,OMT,PAHs,PAQT,PCP,PHE,PPB,PPCP,PPN,PPX,PQT,PRT,PSM,PTP,PYPG,PYR,RTN,SAC,SCA,SFL,SFT,SMT,SRT,STCH,TBC,TBO,THM,TMP,TMT,TPR,VCZ,WFN,ZnS), NO REVIEW (1Major ions,24D,24DXY,ACL,ACP,ADC,ANT,ATN,ATZ,AZ,Ag,AgN,As,BDF,BRA,BTY,CBD,CBF,CBL,CMPH,CN,CPY,CTN,CYF,CYH,CYP,CaCl2,Conazoles,Cr,Cr element,Cu,CuS,DCTP,DDVP,DFZ,DM,DMB,DMT,DS,DU,DZ,EFV,EP,ES,ETHN,FMP,FNT,FNV,FPP,GYP,Halides,IMC,IODN,LNR,MCB,MDT,MLN,MLO,MLT,MLX,MOM,MP,MTL,MTPN,MVP,MYC,MZB,Maneb,NAPH,NCTN,NH3,NHN,NNCT,NaBr,NaNO3,Naled,OML,OMT,PAHs,PAQT,PCP,PHE,PPB,PPCP,PPN,PPX,PQT,PRT,PSM,PTP,PYPG,PYR,RTN,SAC,SCA,SFL,SFT,SMT,SRT,STCH,TBC,TBO,THM,TMP,TMT,TPR,VCZ,WFN,ZnS) Notes: Chemical of Concern: 1Major ions,24D,24DXY,3CE,ACL,ACP,ACY,ADC,AMTL,AN,AND,ANT,ANZ,ATN,ATP,ATZ,AZ,Ag,AgN,Al,As,BC,BDC,BDF,BNZ,BPZ,BRA,BTY,CBD,CBF,CBL,CF,CHD,CMPH,CN,CPY,CTC,CTN,CYF,CYH,CYP,CZE,CaCl2,CdCl,CdN,CdS,CoCl,Cr,Cu,CuS,DBN,DCTP,DDT,DDVP,DEM,DFZ,DINO,DLD,DLF,DM,DMB,DMT,DS,DU,DXN,DZ,EDB,EDT,EFV,EGY,EN,EP,EPRN,ES,ETHN,ETN,FBM,FMP,FNT,FNV,FPP,FTH,GIB,GYP,HCCH,HPT,Halides,HgCl2,IFP,IMC,IODN,K2Cr2O7,K2CrO4,LNR,MBZ,MCB,MCPA,MDT,MLN,MLO,MLT,MLX,MOM,MP,MRX,MTB,MTL,MTPN,MVP,MXC,MYC,MZB,Maneb,Mg ion,NAPH,NBZ,NCTN,NH3,NHN,NHP,NRM,NaBr,NaNO3,Nabam,Naled,OML,OMT,PAHs,PAQT,PCH,PCL,PCP,PHE,PHSL,PL,PPB,PPCP,PPCP2011,PPHD,PPN,PPX,PQT,PRN,PRT,PSM,PTP,PVL,PYN,PYPG,PYR,Pa,PbAC,PbN,REM,RTN,SA,SAC,SBA,SCA,SFL,SFT,SMT,SRT,STCH,TBA,TBC,TBO,TBT,TCDD,TEG,THM,TMP,TMT,TOL,TPM,TPR,TXP,Tc,Ti,Urea,VCZ,WFN,Zineb,ZnS 511. Pawar, D. B.; Kale, P. N.; Ajri, D. S., and Lawande, K. E. Chemical Control of Fruit Borer of Okra. SOIL; 1988; 13, (1): 115-117. Rec #: 270 Keywords: MIXTURE Call Number: NO MIXTURE (CBL,CYP,DM,DMT,ES,FNV,MLN,PMR,SFR) Notes: Chemical of Concern: CBL,CYP,DM,DMT,ES,FNV,MLN,PMR,SFR 512. Phillips, B. M.; Anderson, B. S.; Hunt, J. W.; Siegler, K.; Voorhees, J. P.; Tjeerdema, R. S., and McNeill, K. Pyrethroid and Organophosphate Pesticide-Associated Toxicity in Two Coastal Watersheds (California, USA). 2012; 31, (7): 1595-1603. Rec #: 1820 Keywords: MIXTURE,SEDIMENT CONC Call Number: NO MIXTURE (BFT,CPY,CYF,CYH,CYP,DCF,DCPA,DDVP,DMT,DZ,EFV,FNV,FPP,FVL,MLN,PMR), NO SEDIMENT CONC (BFT,CPY,CYF,CYH,CYP,DCF,DCPA,DDVP,DMT,DZ,EFV,FNV,FPP,FVL,MLN,PMR) Notes: Chemical of Concern: BFT,CPY,CYF,CYH,CYP,DCF,DCPA,DDT,DDVP,DLD,DMT,DZ,EFV,FNV,FPP,FVL,MLN,PMR,TXP 513. Pichetsurnthorn, Pie; Vattipalli, Krishna, and Prasad, Shalini. Nanoporous impedemetric biosensor for detection of trace atrazine from water samples. 2012 Feb 15-; 32, (1): 155-162. Rec #: 2030 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Trace contamination of ground water sources has been a problem ever since the introduction of high-soil-mobility pesticides, one such example is atrazine. In this paper we present a novel nanoporous portable bio-sensing device that can identify trace contamination of atrazine through a label-free assay. We have designed a pesticide sensor comprising of a nanoporous alumina membrane integrated with printed circuit board platform. Nanoporous alumina in the biosensor device generates a high density array of nanoscale confined spaces. By leveraging the size based immobilization of atrazine small molecules we have designed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy based biosensor to detect trace amounts of atrazine. We have calibrated the sensor using phosphate buffered saline and demonstrated trace detection from river and bottled drinking water samples. The limit of detection in all the three cases was in the femtogram/mL (fg/mL) (parts-per-trillion) regime with a dynamic range of detection spanning from 10 fg/mL to 1 ng/mL (0.01 ppt to 1 ppm). The selectivity of the device was tested using a competing pesticide; malathion and selectivity in detection was observed in the fg/mL regime in all the three cases. Trace atrazine detection/ River water/ Drinking water/ Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy/ Nanoporous alumina/ Label-free detection http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566311008189 514. Pillmore, R. E. and South, P. Malathion Application in Montana. 1965: 37. Rec #: 280 Keywords: SURVEY Call Number: NO SURVEY (MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN 515. Pimentel, D. Ecological Effects of Pesticides on Non-Target Species. SOIL; 1971: 220 p. Rec #: 1050 Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (AMSV,ARM,ATN,AZ,CBF,CBL,CMPH,CPY,DCF,DCTP,DMT,DS,DZ,ES,FNT,MLN,MOM,MP,MVP,NCTN,OXD,PPB,PPX,PRT,RTN,TCF,TEPP,TMP,TVP,ZnCl2), NO REVIEW (AMSV,ARM,ATN,AZ,CBF,CBL,CMPH,CPY,DCF,DCTP,DMT,DS,DZ,ES,FNT,MLN,MOM,MP,MVP,NCTN,OXD,PPB,PPX,PRT,RTN,TCF,TEPP,TMP,TVP,ZnCl2) Notes: Chemical of Concern: AMSV,AND,ARM,ATN,AZ,CBF,CBL,CHD,CMPH,CPY,CYT,DCF,DCTP,DDT,DLD,DMT,DS,DZ,EN,EPRN,ES,ETN,FNT,FNTH,HCCH,HPT,MLN,MOM,MP,MRX,MVP,MXC,NCTN,OTQ,OXD,PCB,PHSL,PPB,PPCP,PPHD,PPX,PRN,PRT,PYN,RTN,TCF,TMP,TVP,TXP,ZnCl2 516. Poletika, Nicholas N; Teply, Mark; Dominguez, Lawrence G; Cramer, Steven P; Schocken, Mark J; Habig, Clifford; Kern, Matthew; Ochoa-Acuă±a, Hugo, and Mitchell, Gary C. A Spatially and Temporally Explicit Risk Assessment for Salmon From a Prey Base Exposed to Agricultural Insecticides. 2012 Apr; 8, (2 ): 285. Rec #: 5820 Keywords: SURVEY Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: This risk assessment applied a framework for determining probable co-occurrence of juvenile spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) with agricultural pesticides in the Willamette Basin, Oregon (Teply et al. this issue) to characterize risk to the threatened population. The assessment accounted for spatial and temporal distribution of 6 acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides in salmonid habitat within the basin and their relative contributions to mixture toxicity estimated from chemical monitoring data. The 6 insecticides were chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, carbaryl, carbofuran, and methomyl. Seasonal distributions of the juvenile salmon prey base across the basin were determined and compared to co-occurrence with the insecticide mixture to determine the probability of prey reduction and reduced production of juvenile fish. Probability of effect on freshwater aquatic invertebrates was based on acute toxicity species sensitivity distributions (normalized to the most potent compound, chlorpyrifos) using a novel approach to apply the toxicological concept of concentration addition to species sensitivity distributions with differing slopes. The chlorpyrifos distribution was then used to determine relative sensitivity among various species tested within the important taxa making up the prey base. A prey base index was devised, incorporating diet composition and prey availability, to evaluate the indirect effects of the insecticide mixture on juvenile salmon production occurring as a result of a reduction in the prey base. Our analysis targeted fish use of backwater and off-channel habitat units, because they generally coincide with agricultural lands in lowlands and represent shallow habitat with limited water exchange. The percentage of agricultural land use within 300 m of critical habitat stream reaches was used to scale chemical measurement data from a site with high agricultural land use across the full extent of the basin to provide estimates of chemical exposure in each reach. Seasonal impacts were evaluated from mean monthly concentrations. Stressor impact on 5 key taxa was evaluated at each time step and for each reach, and the outcome was compared to a conservation threshold assigned to the prey base index. Only 13% of juveniles reared in backwater, off-channel habitat within 300 m of agricultural land. Percent reduction of carrying capacity as a consequence of reduced prey was estimated to be 5% over the entire brood year. This can be considered lost capacity that is probably compensated elsewhere via increased occupancy (emigration to other habitat units within the reach), which is not accounted for in the model. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Keywords: Salmon Keywords: Risk assessment Keywords: Oregon Keywords: Habitats Keywords: Insecticides Keywords: Predation Keywords: Toxicity Keywords: Environmental Studies English. Copyright - Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Apr 2012. Last updated - 2012-03-26. DOI - 2618299701; 68187852; 68222; IEAM; INODIEAM0000536948. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oregon 517. Pollard, G. V. Constraints to IPM Development and a Strategy for Management of Tomato and Cabbage Pests in Trinidad, West Indies. 1991; 37, (1): 59-62. Rec #: 290 Keywords: METHODS Call Number: NO METHODS (BMY,CBF,CBL,CTN,Captan,CuOH,DCF,DM,DMT,DQTBr,FNV,GYPI,MLN,MOM,MTM,MZB,PAQT,PMR,PQT) Notes: Chemical of Concern: AND,BMY,CBF,CBL,CTN,Captan,CuOH,DCF,DLD,DM,DMT,DQTBr,EPRN,FNV,GYPI,MBZ,MLN,MOM,MTM,MZB,PAQT,PMR,PQT,PRN 518. Prado, Paula S; Souza, Cassia C; Bazzoli, Nilo; Rizzo, Elizete, and Prado, Paula S. Reproductive Disruption in Lambari Astyanax Fasciatus From a Southeastern Brazilian Reservoir. 2011 Oct; 74, (7): 1879-1887. Rec #: 6130 Keywords: SURVEY Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the health indicators and reproductive endpoints in a wild population of lambari Astyanax fasciatus, a small characid fish widely distributed in South America. A range of biomarkers, from the molecular to population levels, was evaluated in adult fish sampled from five sites from the Furnas Reservoir, Grande River. At the sites that receive untreated agriculture and industrial residues, fish showed reduced body size and delayed gonadal maturation. Fish from the sites located immediately downstream from the municipal wastewater discharges exhibited feminisation, intersex and evidence of contamination by xenoestrogens. Elevated levels of zona radiata proteins were found by Western blot in the livers of male fish from three contaminated sites. Overall, this study provides the first evidence of endocrine disruption in a wild fish population inhabiting the Furnas Reservoir, and suggests water contamination by oestrogenic compounds and agricultural residues with a possible risk to human health and wildlife. Keywords: Agriculture Keywords: H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management Keywords: Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts Keywords: Contamination Keywords: endocrine disruptors Keywords: Endocrine disruptors Keywords: intersexes Keywords: body size Keywords: Astyanax fasciatus Keywords: Xenoestrogens Keywords: Brazil, Grande R. Keywords: Body size Keywords: Municipal wastes Keywords: Population levels Keywords: zona radiata Keywords: Reservoirs Keywords: Bioindicators Keywords: Rivers Keywords: Western blotting Keywords: Residues Keywords: P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION Keywords: Environmental Studies--Toxicology And Environmental Safety Keywords: Wildlife Keywords: X 24360:Metals Keywords: biomarkers Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety Keywords: Intersexes Keywords: South America Keywords: Liver Keywords: downstream Keywords: Fish Keywords: Waste water English. Date revised - 2012-01-01. Last updated - 2012-01-26. DOI - OB-7a01e308-e822-4537-96fdcsamfg201; 15763178; 0147-6513. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Rivers; Western blotting; Contamination; Endocrine disruptors; Wildlife; biomarkers; Xenoestrogens; Intersexes; Body size; Liver; Population levels; zona radiata; Waste water; Bioindicators; Residues; endocrine disruptors; intersexes; downstream; Municipal wastes; body size; Fish; Reservoirs; Astyanax fasciatus; South America; Brazil, Grande R. 519. Printes, Liane Biehl; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; Espindola, Evaldo Luiz Gaeta, and Printes, Liane Biehl. Laboratory Measurements of Biomarkers and Individual Performances in Chironomus Xanthus to Evaluate Pesticide Contamination of Sediments in a River of Southeastern Brazil. 2011 Mar; 74, (3): 424-430. Rec #: 6540 Keywords: SEDIMENT CONC Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: This study aimed at evaluating biomarkers, individual and population responses in the native Chironomus xanthus to assess the toxicity of pesticide-contaminated sediments from the Monjolinho River (Southeast Brazil). We measured cholinesterase (ChE) and glutathione S-transferase activities (GST), as biomarkers and survival, individual growth and adult emergence, as individual performances. There was no response of the ChE activity and a tendency to decreased GST activity in contaminated sites, but this was generally not statistically significant. Therefore, there was no association of the biomarker responses with exposure to sediment containing pesticides. In contrast, ash free dry mass was significantly increased and male emergence was decreased in C. xanthus exposed to the same sediments. In conclusion, the selected biomarkers were not sensitive and specific enough to detect and anticipate effects of pesticide contamination at the levels measured in the study area. Nevertheless, individual performances alterations pointed to potential pollution problems and possible ecological consequences. Keywords: Q5 01503:Characteristics, behavior and fate Keywords: Contamination Keywords: Statistical analysis Keywords: Survival Keywords: Biomarkers Keywords: Glutathione transferase Keywords: Cholinesterase Keywords: Freshwater Keywords: Growth Keywords: Ecotoxicology Keywords: H 5000:Pesticides Keywords: Coenzymes Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals Keywords: Pollution Keywords: Bioindicators Keywords: Rivers Keywords: Sediment pollution Keywords: P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION Keywords: Environmental Studies--Toxicology And Environmental Safety Keywords: Ash Keywords: Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology Keywords: Toxicity Keywords: Entomology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts Keywords: biomarkers Keywords: Sediments Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety Keywords: Chironomus Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: survival English. Date revised - 2011-10-01. Last updated - 2011-12-13. DOI - OB-7579bf19-d315-46f0-96a7csamfg201; 14514270; CS1147037; 0147-6513. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sediment pollution; Growth; Ecotoxicology; Contamination; Pesticides; Coenzymes; Toxicity; Biomarkers; Statistical analysis; Survival; Glutathione transferase; Cholinesterase; biomarkers; Pollution; Sediments; Bioindicators; Ash; survival; Chironomus; Freshwater 520. Priya, Kulluru Padma and Panda, Rabindra K. Das Bhabani S. Behaviour of Pesticides in Different Soils Through Measurement and Simulation Modelling. 2011. Rec #: 8020 Keywords: FATE Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Pesticide residues in water bodies are considered as potentially serious environmental problem. Remediation of such problem requires thorough understanding of the behaviour (retention, mobility and persistence) of pesticides in soil by monitoring of site-specific data. Laboratory and field based investigations have been carried out to establish the behavioral parameters of two contrasting and widely used pesticides malathion and atrazine. The laboratory studies involved determination of sorption and leaching parameters of these pesticides in three different agricultural soils: loamy sand (Typic Xerosament), sandy loam (Acid Lateritic Haplustalf) and clay loam (Hyperthermic Typic Haplusterts). Whereas, field investigations comprised of comprehensive field plot and lysimetric studies in sandy loam soils of Kharagpur with malathion being applied to rice crop under saturated conditions and atrazine applied for potato crop under unsaturated conditions. The investigations aimed to study the impact of different application rates of malathion (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 ml/l of water and control) and atrazine (1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 kg a.i./ha and control) on soil water and distribution and balance of pesticides within the root zone for two consecutive seasons. The results obtained from laboratory and field based investigations were simulated by HYDRUS 1 D model. The results of batch sorption experiments revealed that malathion had higher K d values compared to atrazine for all soils, indicating higher leachability of atrazine than malathion. The miscible displacement experiments revealed that malathion could not leach beyond 15 cm depth whereas atrazine could leach up to 65 cm depth in the test soils under saturated conditions. The field plot experiments revealed that malathion under saturated rice field leached up to 30 cm and maximum concentration of malathion was found in surface ponded water. Under unsaturated conditions atrazine leached up to 65 cm beyond root zone only under highest rate of pesticide application. In lysimetric experiments malathion could not be detected in the drainage water of all the four treatments during the entire experiment. Atrazine leached beyond the root zone after 160 days of application but remained within the permissible limits. HYDRUS 1D model fitted the experimental breakthrough curve (BTC) well with R 2 values ranging from 0.65-0.99 and predicted the time and depth distribution of soil water (R2 0.97-0.99) and pesticides (R2 0.91-0.97) reasonably well. Keywords: Soil column Keywords: Leaching Keywords: Environmental Health Keywords: Pesticide residues Keywords: Batch sorption Keywords: Lysimeter Keywords: Malathion Keywords: 0470:Environmental Health Keywords: Hydrus Keywords: Solute transport Keywords: Soil sciences Keywords: Atrazine Keywords: 0481:Soil sciences Keywords: Health and environmental sciences Keywords: Biological sciences English. Copyright - Copyright ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing 2011. Last updated - 2011-12-08. DOI - 2531158621; 66021911; 66569; 0824181. First page - n/a 521. Pundir, Chandra Shekhar and Chauhan, Nidhi. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition-based biosensors for pesticide determination: A review. 2012 Oct 1-; 429, (1): 19-31. Rec #: 1530 Keywords: REVIEW Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Pesticides released intentionally into the environment and through various processes contaminate the environment. Although pesticides are associated with many health hazards, there is a lack of monitoring of these contaminants. Traditional chromatographic methodsÇöhigh-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and mass spectrometryÇöare effective for the analysis of pesticides in the environment but have certain limitations such as complexity, time-consuming sample preparation, and the requirement of expensive apparatus and trained persons to operate. Over the past decades, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition-based biosensors have emerged as simple, rapid, and ultra-sensitive tools for pesticide analysis in environmental monitoring, food safety, and quality control. These biosensors have the potential to complement or replace the classical analytical methods by simplifying or eliminating sample preparation and making field-testing easier and faster with significant decrease in cost per analysis. This article reviews the recent developments in AChE inhibition-based biosensors, which include various immobilization methods, different strategies for biosensor construction, the advantages and roles of various matrices used, analytical performance, and application methods for constructing AChE biosensors. These AChE biosensors exhibited detection limits and linearity in the ranges of 1.0+ů10-11 to 42.19 ++M (detection limits) and 1.0 +ů 10ęĆ11Çô1.0 +ů 10ęĆ2 to 74.5Çô9.9 +ů 103 ++M (linearity). These biosensors were stable for a period of 2 to 120 days. The future prospects for the development of better AChE biosensing systems are also discussed. Acetylcholinesterase/ Acetylcholinesterase biosensor/ Pesticides/ Immobilization/ Nanomaterials http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003269712003387 522. Pyrzynska, Krystyna and Pyrzynska, Krystyna. Carbon Nanotubes as Sorbents in the Analysis of Pesticides. 2011 Jun; 83, (11): 1407-1413. Rec #: 6320 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: With increasing public concerns for agrochemicals and their potential movement in the ecosystem, very sensitive, selective and precise methods for the analysis of pesticides are needed. Because these substances are present usually at trace levels, the extraction and preconcentration steps are so far essential for their detection. Discoveries of novel nanomaterials with unique properties have significant impact on their use also in extraction techniques. This overview reports the recent application of carbon nanotubes in the analysis of pesticides. The largest numbers of reported applications of carbon nanotubes concern their role as a sorbent materials in solid-phase extraction and microextraction techniques. Keywords: Sorbents Keywords: ENA 09:Land Use & Planning Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: Environment Abstracts Keywords: Public concern Keywords: nanotechnology Keywords: Environmental Studies English. Date revised - 2011-10-01. Last updated - 2011-12-09. DOI - OB-3f5b5677-63e1-44b2-b6f1csaobj201; 14893556; 0045-6535. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorbents; Pesticides; Public concern; nanotechnology 523. qKim, J. K. ; Baik, M. Y.; Hahm, Y. T., and Kim, B. Y. DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF A DRINK UTILIZING CITRUS (CITRUS UNSHIU) PEEL EXTRACT. 2012; 35, 557-571. Rec #: 14130 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: S Citrus (Citrus unshiu) peel extracts were utilized to develop a drink using a mixture design and optimization process. The contents of narirutin and hesperidin in the citrus peel extracts, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, were 10.25 and 7.65 mg/g, respectively. Residual pesticides in the citrus peel, such as chlorobenzilate, diethofencarb, malathion, methiocarb and carbaryl, were not detected. Heavy metals, including lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), were determined as 16.00 and 6.55 mu g/g prior to washing the citrus peels, and 5.83 and 5.83 mu g/g after washing, respectively. Development of the drink with citrus peel extract was carried out using fructo-oligosaccharide syrup and water. The interaction effects of these ingredients were investigated using a modified distance-based design and analyzed by linear regression models, nonlinear regression models and trace plots. Optimization of the mixture ratio was determined with statistical modeling using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, total flavonoid content and taste tests, all of which are important target constraints in a drink. Every constraint demonstrated a nonlinear canonical form. The response trace plot revealed that DPPH radical scavenging activity, total flavonoid content and taste tests were quite sensitive to citrus peel extract content in the drink. The optimal formulation of the drink was set at 1.974% citrus peel extract, 27.543% fructo-oligosaccharide syrup and 70.364% water. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Citrus peels extract can be utilized to functional drinks having a narirutin and hesperidin. Mixture design and optimization process enables us to attain the optimal mixture ratio with drink ingredients for the drink. Numerical optimization process can be effectively applied in other food mixture systems. Number of Volumes: 4 ISI Document Delivery No.: 976UL 524. Qu, C. S.; Chen, W.; Bi, J.; Huang, L., and Li, F. Y. Ecological risk assessment of pesticide residues in Taihu Lake wetland, China: Wetlands in China. 2011 Jan 24-; 222, (2): 287-292. Rec #: 2170 Keywords: REVIEW Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: As a major ecosystem type, wetland provides invaluable ecological services. Environmental pollution, especially pesticides pollution should be paid more attention to keep wetlands healthy. Based on the risk quotient method, coupled with a probabilistic risk assessment model, this paper proposed a methodology suitable for ecological risk assessment of pesticide residues for wetland ecosystems. As an important industrializing and ecologically vulnerable area in China, the Taihu Lake wetland was chosen for the case study. The risks of eight pesticides in Taihu Lake wetland were assessed, as single substances and in mixtures. The assessment indicates that risks of the representative species are not significant. In general, the herbicide is found to be more toxic for algae, whereas insecticides pose more risks to zooplankton, insect and fish. For each pesticide in the wetland, the ecological risk it poses is acceptable. But the combined ecological risk posed by mixture can harm more than 10% of species of the wetland ecosystem, mainly dominated by dichlorvos, dimethoate and malathion contributions. These results imply that pesticide residues have been posing pressures on the ecosystem of the Taihu Lake wetland. It is recommended that proper countermeasures should be implemented to reduce the risks. Ecological risk assessment/ Pesticide residues/ Taihu Lake/ Wetland http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380010003698 525. Quirã³S-Alcalã¡, Lesliam; Bradman, Asa; Nishioka, Marcia; Harnly, Martha E; Hubbard, Alan; Mckone, Thomas E; Ferber, Jeannette, and Eskenazi, Brenda. Pesticides in House Dust From Urban and Farmworker Households in California: an Observational Measurement Study. 2011; 10, (1): 19. Rec #: 6670 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Abstract Background: Studies report that residential use of pesticides in low-income homes is common because of poor housing conditions and pest infestations; however, exposure data on contemporary-use pesticides in low-income households is limited. We conducted a study in low-income homes from urban and agricultural communities to: characterize and compare house dust levels of agricultural and residential-use pesticides; evaluate the correlation of pesticide concentrations in samples collected several days apart; examine whether concentrations of pesticides phased-out for residential uses, but still used in agriculture (i.e., chlorpyrifos and diazinon) have declined in homes in the agricultural community; and estimate resident children's pesticide exposures via inadvertent dust ingestion. Methods: In 2006, we collected up to two dust samples 5-8 days apart from each of 13 urban homes in Oakland, California and 15 farmworker homes in Salinas, California, an agricultural community (54 samples total). We measured 22 insecticides including organophosphates (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, diazinon-oxon, malathion, methidathion, methyl parathion, phorate, and tetrachlorvinphos) and pyrethroids (allethrin-two isomers, bifenthrin, cypermethrin-four isomers, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, imiprothrin, permethrin-two isomers, prallethrin, and sumithrin), one phthalate herbicide (chlorthal-dimethyl), one dicarboximide fungicide (iprodione), and one pesticide synergist (piperonyl butoxide). Results: More than half of the households reported applying pesticides indoors. Analytes frequently detected in both locations included chlorpyrifos, diazinon, permethrin, allethrin, cypermethrin, and piperonyl butoxide; no differences in concentrations or loadings were observed between locations for these analytes. Chlorthal-dimethyl was detected solely in farmworker homes, suggesting contamination due to regional agricultural use. Concentrations in samples collected 5-8 days apart in the same home were strongly correlated for the majority of the frequently detected analytes (Spearman Ï = 0.70-1.00, p < 0.01). Additionally, diazinon and chlorpyrifos concentrations in Salinas farmworker homes were 40-80% lower than concentrations reported in samples from Salinas farmworker homes studied between 2000-2002, suggesting a temporal reduction after their residential phase-out. Finally, estimated non-dietary pesticide intake for resident children did not exceed current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) recommended chronic reference doses (RfDs). Conclusion: Low-income children are potentially exposed to a mixture of pesticides as a result of poorer housing quality. Historical or current pesticide use indoors is likely to contribute to ongoing exposures. Agricultural pesticide use may also contribute to additional exposures to some pesticides in rural areas. Although children's non-dietary intake did not exceed U.S. EPA RfDs for select pesticides, this does not ensure that children are free of any health risks as RfDs have their own limitations, and the children may be exposed indoors via other pathways. The frequent pesticide use reported and high detection of several home-use pesticides in house dust suggests that families would benefit from integrated pest management strategies to control pests and minimize current and future exposures. Keywords: Agriculture Keywords: Pesticides -- analysis Keywords: Housing Keywords: Humans Keywords: Environmental Exposure -- analysis Keywords: Child Keywords: Dust Keywords: Environmental Studies Keywords: Manuscripts Keywords: Chlorpyrifos -- analysis Keywords: California Keywords: Low income groups Keywords: Human subjects Keywords: Adult Keywords: Mexican Americans Keywords: Time Factors Keywords: Community Keywords: Houses Keywords: Data collection Keywords: Dust -- analysis Keywords: Pest control Keywords: Environmental Pollutants -- analysis Keywords: Diazinon -- analysis Keywords: Environmental Pollutants Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Keywords: Socioeconomic Factors Keywords: Households Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: Diazinon English. Copyright - © 2011 Quirós-Alcalá et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Last updated - 2013-02-24. DOI - 2504416041; 65401881; 58366; ENVH; 21410986; BMDDENVH201101011476069X1019. [1] Bouchard MF, Bellinger DC, Wright RO, Weisskopf MG, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and urinary metabolites of organophosphate pesticidesIn Pediatrics,2010,125:e1270-1277. [2] Engel SM, Berkowitz GS, Barr DB, Teitelbaum SL, Siskind J, Meisel SJ, Wetmur JG, Wolff MS, Prenatal organophosphate metabolite and organochlorine levels and performance on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale in a multiethnic pregnancy cohortIn Am J Epidemiol,2007,165:1397-1404. 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[40] Rothlein J, Rohlman D, Lasarev M, Phillips J, Muniz J, McCauley L, Organophosphate pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral performance in agricultural and non-agricultural Hispanic workersIn Environ Health Perspect,2006,114:691-696. [41] Julien R, Adamkiewicz G, Levy JI, Bennett D, Nishioka M, and Spengler JD, Pesticide loadings of select organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in urban public housingIn J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol,2008,18:167-174. [42] Williams MK, Barr DB, Camann DE, Cruz LA, Carlton EJ, Borjas M, Reyes A, Evans D, Kinney PL, Whitehead RD, An intervention to reduce residential insecticide exposure during pregnancy among an inner-city cohortIn Environ Health Perspect,2006,114:1684-1689. [43] Bekarian N, Payne-Sturges D, Edmondson S, Chism B, Woodruff TJ, Use of point-of-sale data to track usage patterns of residential pesticides: methodology developmentIn Environ Health,2006,5:15. [44] , 2006 Annual Pesticide Use Report-MontereyCounty. [45] Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ, Developmental neurotoxicants target neurodifferentiation into the serotonin phenotype: Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin and divalent nickelIn Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2008,233:211-219. [46] Holland N, Furlong C, Bastaki M, Richter R, Bradman A, Huen K, Beckman K, Eskenazi B, Paraoxonase polymorphisms, haplotypes, and enzyme activity in Latino mothers and newbornsIn Environ Health Perspect,2006,114:985-991. 526. Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam; Bradman, Asa; Smith, Kimberly; Weerasekera, Gayanga; Odetokun, Martins; Barr, Dana Boyd; Nishioka, Marcia; Castorina, Rosemary; Hubbard, Alan E; Nicas, Mark; Hammond, S Katharine; Mckone, Thomas E; Eskenazi, Brenda, and Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam. Organophosphorous Pesticide Breakdown Products in House Dust and Children's Urine. 2012 Nov; 22, (6): 559-568. Rec #: 5580 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Human exposure to preformed dialkylphosphates (DAPs) in food or the environment may affect the reliability of DAP urinary metabolites as biomarkers of organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure. We conducted a study to investigate the presence of DAPs in indoor residential environments and their association with children's urinary DAP levels. We collected dust samples from homes in farmworker and urban communities (40 homes total, n=79 samples) and up to two urine samples from resident children ages 3-6 years. We measured six DAPs in all samples and eight DAP-devolving OP pesticides in a subset of dust samples (n=54). DAPs were detected in dust with diethylphosphate (DEP) being the most frequently detected ( greater than or equal to 60%); detection frequencies for other DAPs were less than or equal to 50%. DEP dust concentrations did not significantly differ between communities, nor were concentrations significantly correlated with concentrations of chlorpyrifos and diazinon, the most frequently detected diethyl-OP pesticides (Spearman rho =-0.41 to 0.38, P>0.05). Detection of DEP, chlorpyrifos, or diazinon, was not associated with DEP and/or DEP+diethylthiophosphate detection in urine (Kappa coefficients=-0.33 to 0.16). Finally, estimated non-dietary ingestion intake from DEP in dust was found to be less than or equal to 5% of the dose calculated from DEP levels in urine, suggesting that ingestion of dust is not a significant source of DAPs in urine if they are excreted unchanged. Keywords: Bioindicators Keywords: Age Keywords: Organophosphates Keywords: Food Keywords: Metabolites Keywords: organophosphates Keywords: Ingestion Keywords: Children Keywords: biomarkers Keywords: Dust Keywords: Environmental Studies Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts Keywords: House dust Keywords: Urine Keywords: H 5000:Pesticides Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals Keywords: Diazinon English. Date revised - 2013-03-01. Last updated - 2013-03-14. DOI - OB-987b291e-2d0a-4cdf-b11dmfgefd101; 17410885; 1559-0631. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Age; House dust; Urine; Food; Pesticides; Metabolites; organophosphates; Children; biomarkers; Diazinon; Dust; Bioindicators; Organophosphates; Ingestion 527. Raafat, Nermin; Abass, Marwa A., and Salem, Hatem M. Malathion exposure and insulin resistance among a group of farmers in Al-Sharkia governorate. 2012 Dec; 45, (18): 1591-1595. Rec #: 310 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Objectives Malathion/ Insulin resistance/ Glucose/ Farmers http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009912012004511 528. Radisic, M.; Grujic, S.; Vasiljevic, T., and Lausevic, M. Determination of selected pesticides in fruit juices by matrix solid-phase dispersion and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 2009; 113, 712-719. Rec #: 15430 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed for the analysis of acephate, monocrotophos, carbendazim, acetamiprid, dimethoate, simazine, carbofuran, atrazine, diuron, DNOC (4,6-dinitro-o-cresol), malathion and tebufenozide in fruit juices. Extracts were obtained by matrix solid-phase dispersion using diatomaceous earth as dispersant and dichloromethane as eluent. Significant matrix effects observed for most of the pesticides tested were eliminated using matrix-matched standards. The quantification of the analytes was carried out using the most sensitive transition. The confirmation of residues detected in real samples was performed by repeated injection and acquiring additional transitions to that used for quantification. Recoveries were in the range 71-118%. Repeatability of the method, expressed as the relative standard deviation, was in general between 5-15%. Low limits of detection (0.01-0.94 ng ml(-1)) and quantification (0.03-3.12 ng ml(-1)) were readily achieved with this method for all tested pesticides. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Number of Volumes: 2 ISI Document Delivery No.: 375AJ 529. Radisic, M. M.; Vasiljevic, T. M.; Dujakovic, N. N., and Lausevic, M. D. Application of Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion and Liquid Chromatography-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Fruits. 2013; 6, 648-657. Rec #: 15440 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: This study presents an application of rapid and sensitive multiresidue method for the analysis of acephate, acetamipride, atrazine, carbendazim, carbaryl, carbofuran, dimethoate, imidacloprid, linuron, malathion, monocrotophos, monuron, propazine, simazine, and tebufenozide in fruits. The method involves an extraction procedure based on matrix solid-phase dispersion using diatomaceous earth as a dispersant and dichloromethane as the eluent. The target pesticides were determined using liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Quantification of the analytes was carried out using the most sensitive ion transition. Ion trap parameters, like activation q and time, were found to have a prominent influence on method sensitivity for some pesticides and they were optimized accordingly. The confirmation of residues detected in real samples was performed by repeated injection and acquiring additional ion transitions besides the ones used for quantification. The method was validated for accuracy, linearity, reproducibility, and sensitivity. Mean values for recoveries were in the range of 70-120 % for all tested matrices. Repeatability of the method, expressed as the relative standard deviation, was in general lower than 20 %. The applicability of the method to routine analysis was tested in real fruit samples with good performance. Number of Volumes: 2 ISI Document Delivery No.: 108KJ 530. Raghavendra, K.; Barik, T. K., and Adak, T. Development of larval thermotolerance and its impact on adult susceptibility to malathion insecticide and Plasmodium vivax infection in Anopheles stephensi. 2010; 107, 1291-1297. Rec #: 15460 Keywords: NO TOXICANT Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: The effect of the range of temperature on the thermal adaptation in Anopheles stephensi Liston 1901 was evaluated in the laboratory. Late third instar larvae of An. stephensi were exposed to variable temperatures viz. 37A degrees C, 39A degrees C, 41A degrees C, 43A degrees C and 45A degrees C, and their lethal time to cause 50% mortality (LTM(50)) values were calculated. All larvae survived up to 39A degrees C of exposure. However, at 45A degrees C, they died within 30 min of exposure. Pre-exposure to variable temperatures and re-exposure to higher temperatures conferred adaptive thermotolerance. The larvae pre-adapted at 41A degrees C that were re-exposed to 43A degrees C, and larvae pre-adapted at 39A degrees C that were re-exposed to 45A degrees C, were found more thermotolerant than the thermally non-adapted larvae. Adaptive cross-tolerance to malathion was also induced by pre-exposing them to 37A degrees C and 39A degrees C. It suggests that temperature stress also play an important role in the development of adaptive cross-tolerance to other stress conditions. Similarly, the oocyst rate was relatively more in adults that emerged from larvae pre-adapted at 40A degrees C as compared to adults that emerged from thermally non-adapted larvae and with lower oocyst load. Number of Volumes: 6 ISI Document Delivery No.: 678KL 531. Raghavendra, K.; Cornel, A. J.; Reddy, B. P. N.; Collins, F. H.; Nanda, N.; Chandra, D.; Verma, V.; Dash, A. P., and Subbarao, S. K. Multiplex PCR assay and phylogenetic analysis of sequences derived from D2 domain of 28S rDNA distinguished members of the Anopheles culicifacies complex into two groups, A/D and B/C/E. 2009; 9, 271-277. Rec #: 15470 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: A multiplex PCR assay was developed using the sequences of the D2 region of 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) to discriminate the five members of the Anopheles culicifacies complex provisionally designated as species A, B, C, D and E. Two minus strand primers derived from sequence differences in the D2 variable region and a universal plus strand primer derived from the conserved 28S (rDNA) has delimited five members into species A and D (group 1) and species B, C and E (group 2) in a PCR diagnostic assay. The complete 28S rDNA-D2 region sequence of A. culicifacies sibling species is reported for the first time. Inter-specific sequence divergence was greater than the intra-specific divergence. The phylogenetic relationships inferred from maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and the neighbor joining analysis confirmed the presence of two unambiguous monophyly clades one consisting of species A and D and the other of species B, C and E and that the A. culicifacies sibling species diverged relatively recently in evolutionary terms despite their considerable differences in bionomics. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Number of Volumes: 2 ISI Document Delivery No.: 417BL 532. Raina, R.; Hall, P., and Sun, L. N. Occurrence and Relationship of Organophosphorus Insecticides and Their Degradation Products in the Atmosphere in Western Canada Agricultural Regions. 2010; 44, 8541-8546. Rec #: 15490 Keywords: FATE Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: This paper presents the atmospheric occurrence and seasonal variations of the most frequently detected organophosphorus insecticides (OPs) and their OP oxon degradation products at Brats Lake, Saskatchewan in the Canadian Prairies (April 2003 to March 2004, January-December, 2005) and at Abbotsford in the Lower Frazer Valley (LFV) of British Columbia from May 2004 to December, 2005. During 2005 there were 10 OPs, 8 OP oxons, and 6 other OP degradation products measured. The most frequently detected OPs were chlorpyrifos, malathion, and diazinon. At Bratt's Lake the highest atmospheric concentrations were observed for chlorpyrifos, with maximum concentrations observed during July and August in 2003 showing much higher concentrations than those from 2005. This was related to its usage for grasshopper control in the province. At Abbotsford, diazinon and malathion were observed in much higher atmospheric concentrations than chlorpyrifos. Concentrations reached maximum in spring for diazinon and summer for malathion. This study is the first reported study of seasonal variations of OP oxons with their parent OP. Chlorpyrifos axon concentrations during July were generally low, indicating strong local source contributions. The chlorpyrifos oxon/chlorpyrifos ratio and diazinon oxon/diazinon ratio showed a strong seasonal variation with increasing ratio from spring to summer which was attributed to increasing sunlight hours. Malathion oxon/mathion at both sites was similar and relatively constant throughout the year. The oxon/thion ratio represents a good indicator of age of source or contributions from local versus regional atmospheric sources. Number of Volumes: 22 ISI Document Delivery No.: 680QA 533. Rajdhar and Singh, C. P. Effect of Pesticides on the Yield and Quality of Brinjal. SOIL; 1989; 2, (2): 238-239. Rec #: 1060 Keywords: BENEFICIAL EFFECT Call Number: NO BENEFICIAL EFFECT (MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: AND,EPRN,MLN,PRN 534. Raloff, Janet. Chemicals Linked to Kids' Lower Iqs . 2011 May 21; 179, (11): 15. Rec #: 6350 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: The researchers screened women for exposure to organophosphate compounds such as chiorpyrifos, diazinon and malathion. These bug killers, which can cross the human placenta, work by inhibiting brain-signaling compounds. Although the pesticides' residential use was phased out in 2000, spraying on farm fields remains legal. All three studies began in the late 1990s and followed children through age 7. In more than 300 low-income Mexican-American families, exposures came mostly from farmwork, researchers from the University of California, Berkeley and their colleagues report. In two comparably sized New York City populations, exposures probably traced to bug spraying of homes or eating treated produce. Among the California families, the average IQ for the 20 percent of children with the highest prenatal organophosphate exposure was seven points lower compared with the least-exposed group. Keywords: Intelligence Keywords: Sciences: Comprehensive Works Keywords: Childrens health Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: Women Keywords: Research Keywords: Insects English. Copyright - Copyright Society for Science & the Public May 21, 2011. Last updated - 2012-02-21. CODEN - SCNEBK. DOI - 2358597451; 61735151; 28496; SCNEBK; GSCN; INODGSCN0007215181 535. . Index. Ramesh C. Gupta. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology. San Diego: Academic Press; 2011: 1167-1202. Rec #: 1560 Keywords: REVIEW Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: ISSN/ISBN: 978-0-12-382032-7 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123820327100876 536. Ranjbar, Akram; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Ghahremani, Mohammad; Sharifzade, Mohammad; Golestani, Abolfazl; Ghazi-Khansari, Mahmmood, and Ranjbar, Akram. Protection by Pentoxifylline of Malathion-Induced Toxic Stress and Mitochondrial Damage in Rat Brain. 2009 Sep 13. Rec #: 4730 Keywords: ABSTRACT Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Keywords: Brain injury Keywords: U 2000:Biological Sciences Keywords: Mitochondria Keywords: Stress English. Date revised - 2009-12-18. Last updated - 2010-05-03. DOI - CPI-5357479; 5357479 537. Ranjbar, Akram; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Ghahremani, Mohammad Hossein; Sharifzade, Mohammad; Golestani, Abolfazl, and Ghazi-khansari, Mahmmood. Protection by pentoxifylline of malathion-induced toxic stress and mitochondrial damage in rat brain: Abstracts of the 46th Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology. 2009 Sep 13-; 189, Supplement, (0): S123. Rec #: 520 Keywords: ABSTRACT Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427409007516 538. Rao, Mruthyumjaya Meda; Kumarmeena, Ajay; Galib, Galib, and Rao, Mruthyumjaya Meda. Detection of Toxic Heavy Metals and Pesticide Residue in Herbal Plants Which Are Commonly Used in the Herbal Formulations. 2011 Oct; 181, (1-4): 267-271. Rec #: 6140 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Herbal formulations are getting popular throughout the world and commercialized extensively for various medicinal properties. WHO has emphasized the need for quality assurance of herbal products, including testing of heavy metals and pesticides residues. In view of WHO guidelines, single herbal drugs used in herbal formulations were collected from local market, for testing heavy metals and persistent pesticides residue. Therefore, in the present case, we have examined few local samples of certain herbs viz. Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, and Withania somnifera. The present studies were selected for estimation of four heavy metals namely Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury. Apart from these, pesticide residue Viz. Organochlorine pesticides, Organophosphorus pesticides, and Pyrethroids were analyzed in the four samples of single crude drugs. Heavy metals and pesticide residue were found below detection limits in all the samples. Keywords: Environment Abstracts Keywords: Environmental Studies English. Date revised - 2011-09-01. Last updated - 2012-08-02. DOI - OB-9fbe46ba-0ac5-4da7-ab0bmfgefd101; 15610447; 0167-6369; 1573-2959 539. Rastogi, S K; Tripathi, S; Ravishanker, D, and Rastogi, S K. A Study of Neurologic Symptoms on Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticides in the Children of Agricultural Workers. 2010 Aug; 14, (2): 54-57. Rec #: 6910 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Pesticides are used extensively throughout the world in agriculture and in pest control as well as for community health purposes. Organophosphate (OP) pesticide self-poisoning is an important clinical problem in rural regions of the developing world that kills an estimated 200,000 people every year. Unintentional poisoning kills far fewer people but is an apparent problem in places where highly toxic OP pesticides are available. Neurologic dysfunction is the best documented health effect of pesticide exposure. High-level exposure has both acute and long-term neurologic signs and symptoms, and adverse effects have been reported in most type of pesticides, including organophosphate (OP), carbamate, organochlorine, and pyrethroid insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fumigants. Acute OP pesticide exposure can involve in wide range of both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. Increased neurologic symptom prevalence may provide early evidence of neurologic dysfunctions, before clinically measurable signs are evident. In this study, we analyzed the cross-sectional data on neurologic signs and symptoms from 225 rural children, both males (n = 132) and females (n = 93) who were occupationally and paraoccupationally exposed to methyl OPs (dichlorvos, fenthion, malathion, methyl parathion) and ethyl OPs (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, ethyl parathion) as they belonged to agricultural families handling, mixing, and spraying the OP pesticides. The children completed a specially designed questionnaire (Q16) on neurologic symptoms associated with pesticide exposure with their parental help. A suitable reference group consisting of rural children (n = 50) never involved in pesticide handling (neither outdoor nor indoor) belonging to similar socioeconomic strata included in the study to compare the prevalence of various neurologic symptoms between the two groups. Among all the neurologic self-reported symptoms, headache, watering in eyes, and burning sensation in eye/face were the most important clinical manifestations attributed to OP pesticide exposure. These symptoms could probably be the consequence of chronic effects of most pesticides on the central nervous system. The muscarinic symptoms reported the maximum prevalence of salivation (18.22%), whereas lacrimation was observed in 17.33% cases, followed by diarrhea in 9.33% cases. The nicotinic clinical manifestations of acute OP poisoning revealed excessive sweating in 13.78% cases and tremors in 9.3% cases followed by mydriasis in 8.4% exposed children. The characteristic cholinergic symptoms, such as insomnia, headache, muscle cramps, weakness, and anorexia were also reported by both male and female exposed children. The high frequency of neurologic symptoms observed in the study may be due to parasympathetic hyperactivity due to the accumulated ACh resulting from AChE inhibition. Keywords: Agriculture Keywords: Central nervous system Keywords: Fumigants Keywords: Organophosphates Keywords: Malathion Keywords: Headache Keywords: Methyl parathion Keywords: tremor Keywords: Occupational exposure Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts Keywords: Pesticides (organophosphorus) Keywords: Inventories Keywords: Diarrhea Keywords: N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology Keywords: Muscles Keywords: Poisoning Keywords: H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health Keywords: organophosphates Keywords: Children Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Keywords: anorexia Keywords: Fungicides Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: Diazinon Keywords: Rural areas Keywords: Parathion Keywords: Hyperactivity English. Date revised - 2011-12-01. Last updated - 2013-05-31. DOI - MD-0017879074; 16084116; 0973-2284. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Central nervous system; Pesticides (organophosphorus); Inventories; Diarrhea; Fumigants; Poisoning; Muscles; organophosphates; Children; Malathion; anorexia; Pesticides; Headache; Methyl parathion; tremor; Diazinon; Occupational exposure; Hyperactivity; Chlorpyrifos; Organophosphates; Fungicides; Parathion; Rural areas 540. Ravelo-PeĂŚÂrez, Lidia M.; HernaĂŚÂndez-Borges, Javier, and RodriĂŚÂguez-Delgado, Miguel AĂŚÂ ngel. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes as efficient solid-phase extraction materials of organophosphorus pesticides from apple, grape, orange and pineapple fruit juices. 2008; 1211, 33-42. Rec #: 11180 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been used for the first time as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for the extraction of eight organophosphorus pesticides (i.e. ethoprophos, diazinon, chlorpyriphos-methyl, fenitrothion, malathion, chlorpyriphos, fenamiphos and buprofezin) from different commercial fruit juices (i.e. apple, grape, orange and pineapple). The developed method, which involves SPE and direct gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection analysis, is very fast, simple and cheap: only 1:1 dilution with Milli-Q water and pH adjustment to 6.0 of 10mL of juice is necessary prior to a quick MWCNTs-SPE procedure that used only 40mg of stationary phase (MWCNTs of 10-15nm o.d., 2-6nm i.d. and 0.1-10ĂŽÂĽm length). Mean recovery values were above 73% for all the pesticides and fruit juices (between 77 and 101% for apple juice, 75 and 103% for grape juice, 73 and 103% for orange juice and 73 and 93% for pineapple juice) with a relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 8.5% in all cases. Matrix matched calibration was carried out for each sample matrix since statistical differences between the calibration curves constructed is pure solvent and in the reconstructed juice extracts were found. Limits of detection ranged between 1.85 and 7.32ĂŽÂĽg/L (which also represents LODs between 1.85 and 7.34ĂŽÂĽg/kg) well below the European Union maximum residue limits for the raw fruits. The proposed method, which is demonstrated to be quick, cheap, accurate and highly selective, was also applied to the analysis of this group of pesticides in several commercial juices in which none of the selected pesticides were found. Keywords: multi-walled carbon nanotubes Number of Volumes: 1-2 Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.084 541. Reddy, D. S.; Srivastava, C., and Dhingra, S. Toxicity of Different Insecticides Against Malathion Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). 2004; 28, (2): 147-152. Rec #: 1590 Keywords: NO CONC Call Number: NO CONC (BFT,CYP,DDVP,DM,MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: BFT,CYP,DDVP,DM,MLN 542. Reddy, V.; Freeman, T., and Cannon, M. Disposition and Metabolism of 14C-Labeled Malathion in Rats (Preliminary and Definitive Study). 1989. Rec #: 840 Keywords: NO SOURCE Call Number: NO SOURCE (MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN 543. Ren, C-X; Yang, J-H, and Ren, C-X. Determination of Methyl Parathion, Malathion and Parathion in Seawater by Gc/Ms With Solid-Phase Extraction. 2010 Aug; 29, (4): 586-588. Rec #: 4100 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: A method was established for methyl parathion, malathion and parathion in seawater by GC/MS with solid-phase extraction. Methyl parathion, malathion and parathion were extracted from seawater with octadecylsilica (C sub(18)) SPE cartridge, eluted with the methylene chloride, detected by selected ion monitoring mode and phenanthrene-d sub(10) as internal standard. The good linear responses were achieved and little inference. The detection limit was 0.20ng/L when the sample volume was 2L and average recoveries 96.0% similar to 122% (n = 6) , RSD 2.3% similar to 6.8% by the standards were put in seawater. Keywords: Oceanic Abstracts English. Date revised - 2010-10-01. Last updated - 2011-11-07. DOI - OB-MD-0014662737; 13711864; 1007-6336 544. Ren, Chaoxing; Yang, Jiahuan, and Ren, Chaoxing. Malathion and Parathion in Seawater by Gc/Ms With Solid-Phase Extraction. 2010 Mar; 29, (4): 586-588. Rec #: 4320 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: A method was established for methyl parathion, malathion and parathion in seawater by GC/MS with solid-phase extraction. Methyl parathion, malathion and parathion were extracted from seawater with octadecylsilica(C sub(18)) SPE cartridge, eluted with the methylene chloride, detected by selected ion monitoring mode and phenanthrene-d sub(10) as internal standard. The good linear responses were achieved and little inference. The detection limit was 0.20ng/L when the sample volume was 2L and average recoveries 96.0%-122%(n=6), RSD 2.3%-6.8% by the standards were put in seawater. Keywords: Measurement Keywords: Marine Keywords: Sea water Keywords: ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources Keywords: Gas chromatography Keywords: O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: Q2 02182:Methods and instruments Keywords: Q5 01502:Methods and instruments Keywords: Water analysis Keywords: Mass spectroscopy Keywords: Organic phosphorus Chinese. Date revised - 2011-05-01. SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter. Last updated - 2012-04-23. DOI - MD-0016304496; 14896431; CH1100210; 1007-6336. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Measurement; Sea water; Gas chromatography; Pesticides; Water analysis; Mass spectroscopy; Organic phosphorus; Marine 545. Rezvanfar, Mohammad-Ali; Rezvanfar, Mohammad; Ranjbar, Akram; Abdollahi, Mohammad, and Rezvanfar, Mohammad-Ali. Protection Against Malathion-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain Mitochondria by Phosphodiesterase (Pde) Type 4 Selective Inhibitor. 2009 Sep 13. Rec #: 4720 Keywords: ABSTRACT Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Keywords: U 2000:Biological Sciences Keywords: Phosphodiesterase Keywords: Oxidative stress Keywords: Brain Keywords: Inhibitors Keywords: Mitochondria English. Date revised - 2009-12-18. Last updated - 2010-05-03. DOI - CPI-5357710; 5357710 546. Rezvanfar, Mohammad-Ali; Rezvanfar, Mohammad Amin; Ranjbar, Akram, and Abdollahi, Mohammad. Protection against malathion-induced oxidative stress in rat brain mitochondria by phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 selective inhibitor: Abstracts of the 46th Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology. 2009 Sep 13-; 189, Supplement, (0): S215. Rec #: 400 Keywords: ABSTRACT Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Malathion/ Rolipram/ Lipid peroxidation/ Brain/ Oxidative stress http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427409009606 547. Riazuddin, Riazuddin; Khan, Muhammad Farhanullah; Iqbal, Sajid; Abbas, Muhammad, and Riazuddin, Riazuddin. Determination of Multi-Residue Insecticides of Organochlorine, Organophosphorus, and Pyrethroids in Wheat. 2011 Sep; 87, (3): 303-306. Rec #: 3180 Keywords: CHEM METHODS Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: The undesirable effects of green revolution include residues of extensively used pesticides in various food commodities. Several studies showed that pesticides could cause health problems. Keeping in view the problem of pesticide residues in various food commodities, the present study was conducted on domestic stored wheat as well as on imported wheat for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of organochlorine, organophosphorus and pyrethroids. Among the imported wheat, 22.5% samples were found contaminated by organophosphorus (chlorpyrifos 0.073-0.230 mu g/g, malathion 0.0419-0.1003 mu g/g) and pyrethroids (cypermethrin 0.1404-0.2005 mu g/g, permethrin 0.0140-0.0480 mu g/g) while in domestic wheat 6.7% samples were found contaminated by pyrethroids (deltamethrin 0.0650-1.2903 mu g/g) only. Method used for extraction and analysis of insecticides was validated both by recovery studies and inter laboratory comparison proficiency test. The method recovery results show that the average recovery of the fortified wheat samples was in the range of 73.77%-100.17% with the RSD in the range of 2.21-9.27 whereas, the Z-scores of the inter laboratory comparison proficiency test's result was less than 2. Keywords: wheat Keywords: Organochlorine compounds Keywords: Cypermethrin Keywords: Pesticide residues Keywords: Food Keywords: Quantitative analysis Keywords: permethrin Keywords: Permethrin Keywords: Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts Keywords: P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH Keywords: Deltamethrin Keywords: Malathion Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Keywords: Triticum aestivum Keywords: Insecticides Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: Pyrethroids Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals English. Date revised - 2011-10-01. Last updated - 2012-03-29. DOI - f8305756-87fd-40a0-9faamfgefd108; 15511105; 0007-4861; 1432-0800. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Organochlorine compounds; Insecticides; Cypermethrin; Pesticide residues; Food; Pesticides; Permethrin; Pyrethroids; Malathion; Deltamethrin; wheat; Quantitative analysis; permethrin; Triticum aestivum 548. Richmonds, C. and Dutta, H. M. Action of Malathion on the Gills of Bluegill Sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus. 1988: 1 p.(ABS). Rec #: 1420 Keywords: ABSTRACT Call Number: NO ABSTRACT (MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN 549. Riedel, B. and Christensen, G. Effect of Selected Water Toxicants and Other Chemicals upon Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity In Vitro. 1979; 23, 365-368. Rec #: 1070 Keywords: IN VITRO Call Number: NO IN VITRO (1Major ions,AgN,CBL,DCF,Halides,MLN,NaCl,SFL) Notes: Chemical of Concern: AgN,AlCl,CBL,CdCl,DCF,DDT,DLD,HCCH,Halides,HgCl2,MLN,NaCl,PPCP,SFL 550. Riederer, Anne M; Hunter Jr, Ronald E; Hayden, Steven W; Ryan, P Barry, and Riederer, Anne M. Pyrethroid and Organophosphorus Pesticides in Composite Diet Samples From Atlanta, Usa Adults. 2009 Dec 8; 44, (1): 483-490. Rec #: 7270 Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: Four pyrethroid (permethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin) and 3 organophosphorus (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion) pesticides were measured in 4 days of 24 h duplicate diet samples collected from 12 Atlanta adults over two cycles (2005-2006). Samples were composited into 9 categories, by food type, to evaluate their contribution to daily intakes. The resulting 437 samples were analyzed using a multiresidue method using liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction followed by quantification via gas chromatograph with electron-capture detection. Total daily intakes (mg/kg-d) were calculated by summing the mass of a pesticide in all composites collected that day and dividing by body weight. Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and cypermethrin in were detected in a range of composite types at frequencies >=30%, whereas other pesticides were detected at lower frequencies. Concentrations ranged from the detection limits (0.38-0.88 ng/g) to several hundred ng/g, exceeding U.S. tolerances in a few cases. We also detected pesticides in some foods labeled organic. Total daily intakes were below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's oral reference doses, except in 6% of cases when the organophosphorus concentrations were summed. Results show frequent dietary exposure of our participants to the target pesticides from a range of food types. Keywords: Diets Keywords: composite materials Keywords: Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts Keywords: M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development Keywords: permethrin Keywords: Malathion Keywords: Deltamethrin Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Keywords: EPA Keywords: USA Keywords: cypermethrin Keywords: P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION Keywords: Pesticides Keywords: USA, Georgia, Atlanta Keywords: Pyrethroids Keywords: Diazinon Keywords: body weight English. Date revised - 2010-08-01. Last updated - 2011-12-14. DOI - 9917968a-33fc-48cd-a0cfcsamfg201; 13268506; 0013-936X. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Diets; EPA; cypermethrin; composite materials; Pesticides; permethrin; Pyrethroids; body weight; Diazinon; Deltamethrin; Malathion; USA; USA, Georgia, Atlanta 551. Rizzo, Luigi. Bioassays as a tool for evaluating advanced oxidation processes in water and wastewater treatment. 2011 Oct 1-; 45, (15): 4311-4340. Rec #: 800 Keywords: EFFLUENT Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been widely used in water and wastewater treatment for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants as well as to improve biodegradability of industrial wastewater. Unfortunately, the partial oxidation of organic contaminants may result in the formation of intermediates more toxic than parent compounds. In order to avoid this drawback, AOPs are expected to be carefully operated and monitored, and toxicity tests have been used to evaluate whether effluent detoxification takes place. In the present work, the effect of AOPs on the toxicity of aqueous solutions of different classes of contaminants as well as actual aqueous matrices are critically reviewed. The dualism toxicityÇôbiodegradability when AOPs are used as pre-treatment step to improve industrial wastewater biodegradability is also discussed. The main conclusions/remarks include the followings: (i) bioassays are a really useful tool to evaluate the dangerousness of AOPs as well as to set up the proper operative conditions, (ii) target organisms for bioassays should be chosen according to the final use of the treated water matrix, (iii) acute toxicity tests may be not suitable to evaluate toxicity in the presence of low/realistic concentrations of target contaminants, so studies on chronic effects should be further developed, (iv) some toxicity tests may be not useful to evaluate biodegradability potential, in this case more suitable tests should be applied (e.g., activated sludge bioassays, respirometry). Antibiotics/ Biodegradability/ Drinking water/ Dyes/ Emerging contaminants/ Endocrine disruptors/ Industrial wastewater/ Oxidation intermediates/ Pesticides/ Pharmaceuticals/ Photocatalysis/ Toxicity/ Urban wastewater/ Xenobiotics http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135411003083 552. . Index. Robert Krieger. Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology (Third Edition). New York: Academic Press; 2010: 2319-2342. Rec #: 1650 Keywords: REVIEW Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: ISSN/ISBN: 978-0-12-374367-1 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123743671001300 553. Rong, L.; Guo, X.; Chen, K.; Zhu, J.; Li, S., and Jiang, J. Isolation of an Isocarbophos-Degrading Strain of Arthrobacter Sp. Scl-2 and Identification of the Degradation Pathway. Rec #: 9860 Keywords: BACTERIA Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: ABSTRACT: Isocarbophos is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide that has caused environmental pollution in many areas. However, degradation of isocarbophos by pure cultures has not been extensively studied, and the degradation pathway has not been determined. In this paper, a highly effective isocarbophos-degrading strain, scl-2, was isolated from isocarbophos-polluted soil. Strain scl-2 was preliminarily identified as Arthrobacter sp. based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties, as well as 16S rDNA analysis. Strain scl-2 could utilize isocarbophos as its sole source of carbon and phosphorus for growth. One hundred mg/l isocarbophos could be degraded to a nondetectable level in 18 h by scl-2 in cell culture, and isofenphos-methyl, profenofos, and phosmet could also be degraded. During the degradation of isocarbophos, the metabolites isopropyl salicylate, salicylate, and gentisate were detected and identified based on MS/MS analysis and their retention times in HPLC. Transformation of gentisate to pyruvate and fumarate via maleylpyruvate and fumarylpyruvate was detected by assaying for the activities of gentisate 1,2- dioxygenase (GDO) and maleylpyruvate isomerase. Therefore, we have identified the degradation pathway of isocarbophos in Arthrobacter sp. scl-2 for the first time. This study highlights an important potential use of the strain scl-2 for the cleanup of environmental contamination by isocarbophos and presents a mechanism of isocarbophos metabolism. MESH HEADINGS: Arthrobacter/genetics/*isolation & MESH HEADINGS: purification/*metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Biodegradation, Environmental MESH HEADINGS: Dioxygenases/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Insecticides/*metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Malathion/*analogs & MESH HEADINGS: derivatives/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: *Metabolic Networks and Pathways MESH HEADINGS: Molecular Sequence Data MESH HEADINGS: Organothiophosphates/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Organothiophosphorus Compounds/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Phosmet/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Phylogeny MESH HEADINGS: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MESH HEADINGS: Salicylates/chemistry/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Soil Microbiology MESH HEADINGS: Soil Pollutants/metabolism MESH HEADINGS: Time Factors MESH HEADINGS: cis-trans-Isomerases/metabolism eng 554. Roush, R. T. and Daly, J. C. The Role of Population Genetics in Resistance Research and Management. 1990; 5, 97-152. Rec #: 310 Keywords: REVIEW Call Number: NO REVIEW (As,CBL,DZ,FNV,MLN,PIRM,PPX) Notes: Chemical of Concern: AND,As,CBL,CHX,DDT,DLD,DZ,FNV,MLN,PIRM,PPX 555. Rucci, G.; Becci, P. J., and Parent, R. A. The Evaluation fo the Chronic Toxicity Effects of Cythion Administered in the Diet to Sprague-Dawley Rats for 24 Consecutive Months. 1980. Rec #: 850 Keywords: NO SOURCE Call Number: NO SOURCE (MLN) Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN 556. Ruckmani, a ; Nayar, Pradeep G; Konda, Venu Gopala Rao; Madhusudhanan, N; Madhavi, E; Chokkalingam, M; Meti, Vinayak, and Sundaravalli, S. Effects of Inhalational Exposure of Malathion on Blood Glucose and Antioxidants Level in Wistar Albino Rats. 2011 Sep-2011 Oct 31; 5, (5): 309-315. Rec #: 3240 Keywords: INHALE Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN Abstract: Abstract: The adverse effects of spraying pesticides to the ecosystem are being widely studied. While the effects of their oral and topical exposure have been reported, especially on carbohydrate metabolism, the effects of inhalational exposure have not been reported. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of malathion, a commonly used pesticide, on blood glucose and antioxidant status in rats. In acute study, 8 groups of 6 animals each were exposed to 50% malathion for 5 min. Blood glucose level was estimated for all the rats before exposure and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 120, 180 and 240 min after exposure for groups G to 8, respectively. Blood glucose increased from the basal level of 88 mg dLr1, reached 131 mgdLr1 in 60 min and attained basal level at 240 min. In sub chronic study, there were two groxips of 6 animals each control and test. Yüklə 1,76 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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