Appendix 2-5: Rejected ecotox bibliography Excluded

recycled Spanish beeswax. RESULTS: Chlorfenvinphos, fluvalinate, amitraz, bromopropylate, acrinathrin, flumethrin, coumaphos, chlorpyrifos, chlordimeform, endosulfan and malathion residues were determined by GC-?ECD/NPD/MS detection. Owing to the extreme instability of amitraz, this analyte was transformed into the stable end-metabolite 2,4-dimethylaniline, later derivatised with heptafluorobutyric anhydride and determined by GC- mu ECD/MS. Recoveries from spiked samples ranged from 86 to 108%, while quantification limits varied from 0.10 to 0.30 mg kg-1 using GC- mu ECD/NPD, and from 12 to 85 mu g kg-1 by GC-MSD. Of a total of 197 samples analysed, only eight samples (4%) were free of residues of chlorfenvinphos (0.019-10.6 mg kg-1), fluvalinate was present in 93.6% of samples analysed (0.027 -88.7 mg kg-1), while coumaphos was confirmed in only five of the 134 samples analysed at concentrations of less than 195 mu g kg-1. The remaining acaricides were identified with different levels of incidence at concentrations from 12 to 231 mu g kg-1. CONCLUSIONS: Residues of acaricides were found in an extensive number of beeswax samples. The contamination with chlorfenvinphos and tau-fluvalinate was very relevant, particularly as chlorfenvinphos is not legally authorised for use in beekeeping. The possible impacts of the main acaricides detected on larval and adult honey bees are discussed.
Keywords: Contamination
Keywords: Residues
Keywords: Beeswax
Keywords: Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology
Keywords: Larvae
Keywords: Apis mellifera
Keywords: Chlorfenvinphos
Keywords: Pest control
Keywords: acaricides
Keywords: Entomology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
Keywords: Endosulfan
Keywords: Chlorpyrifos
Keywords: fluvalinate
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: Coumaphos
Keywords: Acaricides English. Date revised - 2012-05-01. Last updated - 2012-08-24. DOI - cdf28ca0-85e3-4b82-8826csamfg201; 16710337; 1526-4998. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; fluvalinate; Contamination; Beeswax; Coumaphos; Pest control; Chlorfenvinphos; Acaricides; Malathion; Endosulfan; Residues; Pesticides; Larvae; acaricides; Apis mellifera

574. Sethunathan, N. Microbial Degradation of Insecticides in Flooded Soil and in Anaerobic Cultures. 1973; 47, 143-166.

Rec #: 1190
Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW
Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (CPY,DZ,MLN), NO REVIEW (CPY,DZ,MLN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: AND,CHD,CPY,DDE,DDT,DLD,DZ,EN,EPRN,HCCH,HPT,MLN,MXC,PPCP,PRN

575. Sharma, D K ; Sharma, R K; Sharma, Nisha; Gupta, Atul, and Sharma, D K. Development and Validation of a Spectrophotometric Method for Soil Adsorption Study of Malathion on Three Indian Soils. 2010 Nov; 92, (10): 1831-1840.

Rec #: 3960
Keywords: FATE
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: In view of the widespread use of pesticides in agriculture and its associated toxic effects on environment and human beings, the fate of these chemicals in soil is of major concern. The pesticide adsorption process is one of the major factors affecting its persistence and movement in the soil. With a view of studying the fate of malathion in soil, the adsorption of this insecticide was studied on three Indian soils by using batch equilibrium method. To carry out the adsorption study, a new simple, sensitive, and rapid method was developed, based on microwave-assisted alkaline hydrolysis of insecticide to the dimethyl dithiophosphate and its subsequent reaction with copper(I) perchlorate in acetonitrile. On mixing the reagents, a yellow color developed, which was stable for 120 min and was measured at 419 nm. The adsorption of malathion was studied by using Freundlich's adsorption equation and nf values were observed less than 1 in all the soils. The leaching behavior of the insecticide was studied in terms of ground ubiquity score, which was below 1.8, classifying malathion as non-leacher pesticide, and hence it is not hazardous.
Keywords: Agriculture
Keywords: Mathematical models
Keywords: Leaching
Keywords: Hydrolysis
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Color
Keywords: Soil
Keywords: Insecticides
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: Adsorption
Keywords: Spectrophotometry
Keywords: Perchloric acid
Keywords: Acetonitrile
Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals
Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts English. Date revised - 2011-03-01. Last updated - 2012-03-29. DOI - f0020063-5ae7-4590-9715csamfg201; 14138567; 0277-2248; 1029-0486. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Leaching; Mathematical models; Hydrolysis; Malathion; Color; Soil; Insecticides; Pesticides; Adsorption; Spectrophotometry; Perchloric acid; Acetonitrile

576. Sharma, Deepti; Shardendu, Shardendu, and Sharma, Deepti. Assessing Farm-Level Agricultural Sustainability Over a 60-Year Period in Rural Eastern India. 2011 Sep; 31, (3): 325-337.

Rec #: 6190
Keywords: NO TOXICANT
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Agricultural sustainability is a vital parameter to be ascertained locally and globally if food security is to be achieved and maintained. Agricultural sustainability is the combined product of social, economic and ecological sustainability. It is also a function of temporal and spatial variations, a fact which indicates that area-specific sustainability indices need to be designed. We present here an Agricultural Sustainability Index (ASI) for rural eastern India and use it to calculate the ASI for 150 farms for three decades over a 60-year period, viz., 1950-1960, 1980-1990 and 2000-2010 for a representative Indian village of Gangapur (25 degree 83'N, 85 degree 65'E). The ASI was calculated using 30 variables, 10 each of social, economic and ecological sustainability. An extensive questionnaire-based survey was carried out to collect the relevant data. Our study reveals that over a 60-year period, ASI values do not show a statistically significant change. We conclude that the agricultural practices of the region have maintained sustainability so far although the scope for improvement in several broad areas identified by us is immense. Increased ecological literacy and better implementation of government policies, aiming at health, education and better scientist-farmer interactions, must target improved ASI values in coming decades.
Keywords: M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
Keywords: Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
Keywords: ENA 04:Environmental Education
Keywords: Environmental Studies English. Date revised - 2012-01-01. Last updated - 2012-08-02. DOI - OB-23b3b785-6dfb-4571-85d3mfgefd101; 15454130; 0251-1088; 1573-2991

577. Shayeghi, M; Dehghani, M H; Fadaei, a M, and Shayeghi, M. Removal of Malathion Insecticide Fromwater by Employing Acoustical Wave Technology. 2011; 40, (4): 122.

Rec #: 3750
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Organophosphorus pesticides are one of the most prevalent usages for pest control in the country. Such pesticides enter into water sources by different routes. Since drinking of contaminated water at the higher doses than the standard level, may causes undesirable effects to human health and ecosystem. The object of this research was to investigate the effect of various parameters including time, power and concentration on sonodecomposition of malathion insecticide in the water. The sonochemical degradation of malathion was investigated using acoustic wave technology (AWT). AWT with 130 kHz was used to study the decomposition of insecticide solution. Samples were analyzed using HPLC at different intervals times. Effectiveness of AWT at different times (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 minutes), concentrations of malathion at 2, 4 and 8 mg/L as well as powers of device (300W, 400W, 500W) are compared. These findings showed that the degradation of the malathion insecticide at lower concentrations was greater in comparison to higher concentrations. Also, there was positive correlation between power increasing and the ability to malathion degradation The sonodegradation of malathion at different concentrations and powers was successfully achieved. It has been shown that acoustical wave technology can be used to reduce the concentration of dissolved insecticide using high frequency.
Keywords: Insecticides
Keywords: Degradation
Keywords: Acoustics
Keywords: P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: Pest control
Keywords: Pollution Abstracts
Keywords: Decomposition
Keywords: Water pollution
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Technology English. Date revised - 2012-06-01. Number of references - 46. Last updated - 2012-09-10. DOI - 5b79f9c7-ad12-40f5-8117mfgefd108; 16782023; 0304-4556. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecticides; Degradation; Acoustics; Pesticides; Pest control; Decomposition; Water pollution; Malathion; Technology. American Public Health Association; Greenberg, A E. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. (1985). Arrojo, S.; Benito, Y. A theoretical study of hydrodynamic cavitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY, 15. 3 (2008): 203-211. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. Asakura, Yoshiyuki; Nishida, Tomoyuki; Matsuoka, Tatsuro; Koda, Shinobu. Effects of ultrasonic frequency and liquid height on sonochemical efficiency of large-scale sonochemical reactors. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY, 15. 3 (2008): 244-250. ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. Bachman, John; Patterson, Howard H. Photodecomposition of the carbamate pesticide carbofuran: kinetics and the influence of dissolved organic matter. Environmental Science & Technology, 33. 6 (1999): 874(8). American Chemical Society. 22. Baron J, Corre S, Denis P (1994). Désinfection par ultra-violets des effluents issus d'une station d'épuration: tude pilote dansla region brestoise. Tech Sci Meth, 5: 263-267. Battaglia, G. 1989 "Atrazine elimination according to the drinking water regulations" Water Supply 7 1 161-168. Beckett, MA; Hua, I. Impact of ultrasonic frequency on aqueous sonoluminescence and sonochemistry. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A, 105. 15 (2001): 3796-3802. AMER CHEMICAL SOC. Bellobono, I R; Barni, B; Gianturco, F; Bellobono, I R. Pre-industrial experience in advanced oxidation and integral photodegradation of organics in potable waters and waste waters by PHOTOPERM membranes immobilizing titanium dioxide and promoting photocatalysts. Journal of Membrane Science, 102. (1995): 139-147. Elsevier Science Publishing Co , Inc , P.O. Box 882, Madison Square Station, New York, NY, 10159-0882, USA, [mailto:[e-mail]], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com]. Benito, Y, Arrojo, S 2005 "Hydrodynamic Cavitation as a low-cost AOP for wastewater treatment: preliminary results and a new design approach" Water Resources Management III 495-503. Bhattacharya, A; Raha, P; Das, A K; ADITYACHAUDHURY, N. STUDIES ON THE PHOTODEGRADATION OF CARBOFURAN. CHEMOSPHERE, 29. 2 (1994): 155-162. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. Boisdon V, Cacite de la E (1995) Disinfection par les proce de s d'oxydation chimique et de rayonnement ultraviolet. Tech Sci Meth. 3: 228-236. BOURGINE, F.P.; CHAPMAN, J.I.; KERAI, H. The degradation of atrazine and other pesticides by photolysis. Journal of the Institution of Water and Environmental Management, 9. 4 (1995): 417-423. Institution of Water and Environmental Management. Dehghani, M H; Jahed, G; Vaezi, F. Evaluation of USR technology on the destruction of HPC organisms. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 9. 11 (2006): 2127-2131. ANSInet, Asian Network for Scientific Information. Dehghani, M.H.; Changani, F. The effect of acoustic cavitation on Chlorophyceae from effluent of wastewater treatment plant. Environmental Technology, 27. 9 (2006): 963-968. Selper Ltd. DESTAILLATS, Hugo; LESKO, Timothy M.; KNOWLTON, Michael; WALLACE, Henry; et al. Scale-up of sonochemical reactors for water treatment. Industrial & engineering chemistry research, 40. 18 (2001): 3855-3860. American Chemical Society. 4. EXTOXNET (2000).Extension toxicology network pesticide information profiles web page, http://ace.orst.edu/info/extoxnet/pips/malathio.htm . GOGATE, P. R.; WILHELM, A. M.; PANDIT, A. B. Some aspects of the design of sonochemical reactors. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 10. 6 (2003): 325-330. Elsevier. HENGLEIN, A.; GUTIERREZ, M. Chemical effects of continuous and pulsed ultrasound : a comparative study of polymer degradation and iodide oxidation. Journal of physical chemistry (1952), 94. 12 (1990): 5169-5172. American Chemical Society. Hua, I; Pfalzer-Thompson, U. Ultrasonic irradiation of carbofuran: Decomposition kinetics and reactor characterization. WATER RESEARCH, 35. 6 (2001): 1445-1452. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. HUA, I.; HOFFMANN, M. R. Optimization of ultrasonic irradiation as an advanced oxidation technology. Environmental science & technology, 31. 8 (1997): 2237-2243. American Chemical Society. HUA, I.; HÖCHEMER, R. H.; HOFFMANN, M. R.; ANDREWS, R. N. L.; et al. Sonochemical degradation of p-nitrophenol in a parallel-plate near-field acoustical processor. Environmental science & technology, 29. 11 (1995): 2790-2796. American Chemical Society. Hung, H M; Hoffmann, M R. Kinetics and mechanism of the sonolytic degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons: Frequency effects. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A, 103. 15 (1999): 2734-2739. AMER CHEMICAL SOC. Huston, P L; Pignatello, J J. Degradation of selected pesticide active ingredients and commercial formulations in water by the photo-assisted Fenton reaction. WATER RESEARCH, 33. 5 (1999): 1238-1246. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. JAVIER BENITEZ, F.; BELTRAN-HEREDIA, J.; GONZALEZ, T.; ACERO, J. L. Advanced oxidation processes in the degradation of cyanazine. Ozone : science & engineering, 17. 3 (1995): 237-258. Lewis. JAVIER BENITEZ, F.; BELTRAN-HEREDIA, J.; GONZALEZ, T.; REAL, F. Photooxidation of carbofuran by a polychromatic UV irradiation without and with hydrogen peroxide. Industrial & engineering chemistry research, 34. 11 (1995): 4099-4105. American Chemical Society. JOYCE, E.; PHULL, S. S.; LORIMER, J. P.; MASON, T. J. The development and evaluation of ultrasound for the treatment of bacterial suspensions. A study of frequency, power and sonication time on cultured Bacillus species. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 10. 6 (2003): 315-318. Elsevier. KOTRONAROU, A.; MILLS, G.; HOFFMANN, M. R. Decomposition of parathion in aqueous solution by ultrasonic irradiation. Environmental science & technology, 26. 7 (1992): 1460-1462. American Chemical Society. Krueger, R F; Severn, D J. REGULATION OF PESTICIDE DISPOSAL. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES, 259. (1984): 3-15. AMER CHEMICAL SOC. Laborde, J.-L.; Bouyer, C.; Caltagirone, J.-P.; Gerard, A. Acoustic cavitation field prediction at low and high frequency ultrasounds. Ultrasonics, 36. 1-5 (1998): 581-587. Elsevier Sci B.V. Legube, B; Guyon, S; Dore, M. OZONATION OF AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLIC-COMPOUNDS - BENZOTRIAZOLES, ATRAZINE AND AMITROLE. OZONE-SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, 9. 3 (1987): 233-246. CRC PRESS INC. Mansour, M; Feicht, E A; Behechti, A; Scheunert, I. Experimental approaches to studying the photostability of selected pesticides in water and soil. CHEMOSPHERE, 35. 1-2 (1997): 39-50. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. MASON, T. J.; COLLINGS, A.; SUMEL, A. Sonic and ultrasonic removal of chemical contaminants from soil in the laboratory and on a large scale. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 11. 3-4 (2004): 205-210. Elsevier. Mason, T J; Mason, T J; Lorimer, J Phillip. Sonochemistry : theory, applications and uses of ultrasound in chemistry / Timothy J. Mason & J. Phillip Lorimer. (1988): xii, 252. Wiley. Matouq, Mohammed A.; Al-Anber, Zaid A.; Al-Shannag, Mohammad; Tagawa, Tomohiko; et al. Degradation of dissolved diazinon pesticide in water using the high frequency of ultrasound wave. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 15. 5 (2008): 869-874. Elsevier. Norwood, V. M., Randolph, M. E. 1990 "A literature review of biological treatment and bioremediation technologies which may be applicable at fertilizer/agrichemical dealer sites." TVA Fertilizer Publications Y-215 37 pp. Peterson, D; Peterson, D; Watson, D; Winterlin, W. The destruction of ground water threatening pesticides using high intensity UV light. Journal of environmental science and health : Part B : Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes., 23. 6 (1988): 587-603. Raha, P; Das, A K. PHOTODEGRADATION OF CARBOFURAN. CHEMOSPHERE, 21. 1-2 (1990): 99-106. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. 3. Richard Y, Duguet JP, Hubele C (1991). Pesticides et eau potable-Le dossier du mois. L'Eau, L'Industrie. Les Nuisances, 144: 44-46. Safi, Jamal M. Association between chronic exposure to pesticides and recorded cases of human malignancy in Gaza Governorates (1990-1999) Science of the Total Environment, 284. 1-3 (2002): 75-84. Elsevier. Shayeghi, M.; Dehghani, M. H.; Mahvi, A. H.; Azam, K. Application of Acoustical Processor Reactors for Degradation of Diazinon from Surface Water. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ARTHROPOD-BORNE DISEASES, 4. 2 (2010): 11-18. IRANIAN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY. SOMICH, C. J.; MULDOON, M. T.; KEARNEY, P. C. On-site treatment of pesticide waste and rinsate using ozone and biologically active soil. Environmental science & technology, 24. 5 (1990): 745-749. American Chemical Society. Suslick, Kenneth S. 1994. The chemistry of ultrasound. The yearbook of science & the future 1994. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, 138-155. SUSLICK, K. S.; PRICE, G. J. Applications of ultrasound to materials chemistry. Annual review of materials science, 29. (1999): 295-326. Annual Reviews. 94. Suslick, K. S.; Crum, L. A. Sonochemistry and Sonoluminescence. In Encylopedia of Acoustics; Crocker, M. J., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 1997; pp 217-282. Wayment, Darcey G; Casadonte Jr., Dominick J. Design and calibration of a single-transducer variable-frequency sonication system. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 9. 4 (2002): 189-195. Elsevier. 1. WHO (1996). The WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification 1996-1997. Geneva, World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety.

578. Sheftall, William II. New Information on Pesticides in Aquatic Systems. 2008; 32, 3-4.

Rec #: 11290
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Keywords: Internet resource
Number of Volumes: 10
Includes references 1022983745 http://www.lsuagcenter.com/NR/rdonlyres/47DD098C-C25A-416F- 96B5-671B36AFC520/52631/LagniappeNov08.pdf

579. Shi, Rongguang; Lv, Jungang; Feng, Jimin, and Lv, Jungang. Assessment of Pesticide Pollution in Suburban Soil in South Shenyang, China. 2011 Nov; 87, (5): 567-573.

Rec #: 6070
Keywords: FATE
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: In this study, 35 representative farmland soil samples from suburban areas in south Shenyang, the capital city in Liaoning province, China, were collected to evaluate the pollution of 114 pesticides. Surface soil samples were air-dried and sieved. Ultrasonic extraction was used for pesticides preparation prior to analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total concentrations of tested pesticides in the area ranged in 0-51.32 ng/g and the average of concentrations was 6.86 ng/g. Six pesticides, including butachlor(with detect frequency 71.4%), p,p'-DDE (88.6%), p,p'-DDT (77.1%), o,p'-DDD (82.9%), hexachlorobenzene (88.6%) and delta -HCB (77.1%), were detected most frequently. It indicated that DDTs (N.D.-40.25 ng/g) and HCHs (N.D.-42.79 ng/g) were the predominant pesticide pollutants in soil because of their long term persistence. On the contrary, most of organophosphorus pesticides, pyrethroids and carbamates were not detected. Spatial variation of six pesticides with high detection frequency (>70%) in soil was illustrated. Pollution levels, characteristics and the possible sources were also discussed. The data were helpful to figure out the pollution of the pesticides and could be further used to evaluate the health risk associated with food safety.
Keywords: Risk assessment
Keywords: P 5000:LAND POLLUTION
Keywords: Food
Keywords: Mass spectroscopy
Keywords: Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
Keywords: Environmental Studies
Keywords: Soil
Keywords: spatial distribution
Keywords: spatial variations
Keywords: Pollutants
Keywords: Gas chromatography
Keywords: Pesticide pollution
Keywords: Pyrethroids
Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals
Keywords: Pesticides (organophosphorus)
Keywords: pollution levels
Keywords: Data processing
Keywords: Pollution levels
Keywords: agricultural land
Keywords: Pesticides (carbamates)
Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
Keywords: Spectrometry
Keywords: Ultrasonics
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: hexachlorocyclohexane
Keywords: DDT
Keywords: China, People's Rep., Liaoning Prov.
Keywords: Hexachlorobenzene English. Date revised - 2012-01-01. Last updated - 2012-01-26. DOI - OB-37556e2d-92e7-4b8e-9a0fmfgefd107; 15838306; 0007-4861; 1432-0800. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pesticides (organophosphorus); Data processing; Food; Pollution levels; Pesticides (carbamates); Mass spectroscopy; Soil; spatial variations; Pollutants; Ultrasonics; Gas chromatography; Pesticide pollution; DDT; Pyrethroids; Hexachlorobenzene; Risk assessment; spatial distribution; pollution levels; hexachlorocyclohexane; Pesticides; agricultural land; Spectrometry; China, People's Rep., Liaoning Prov.

580. Shimoda, T.; Yara, K., and Kawazu, K. The Effects of Eight Insecticides on the Foraging Behavior of the Parasitoid Wasp Cotesia vestalis. 2011; 6, (2/3): 189-190.

Rec #: 1830
Keywords: NO CONC
Call Number: NO CONC (DZ,EFX,MLN,MOM,PMR)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: CTD,DZ,EFX,EMMB,MLN,MOM,PMR

581. Sieck, R. F.; Johnson, W. S.; Cockerill, A. F.; Mallen, D. N. B.; Osborne, D. J., and Barton, S. J. Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Oryzalin Residues in Agricultural Crops and Soil. SOIL; 1976; 24, (3): 617-620.

Rec #: 860
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Call Number: NO CHEM METHODS (ACR,AZ,CBL,Captan,DCPA,DS,DZ,LNR,MLN,OYZ,TFN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: ACR,AZ,CBL,Captan,DCPA,DDT,DS,DZ,LNR,MLN,MXC,NPM,OYZ,TFN,TXP,VNT

582. Singh, B; Dogra, T D, and Singh, B. Rapid Method for the Determination of Some Organophosphorus Insecticides in a Small Amount of Serum in Emergency and Occupational Toxicology Cases. 2009 Aug; 13, (2): 84-87.

Rec #: 4800
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: A simple and rapid method is described for the estimation of some organophosphorus insecticides in the serum of occupationally exposed persons. The compounds are extracted with a mixture of acetone and diethyl ether (1:1 v/v) in acidic medium and the extraction residue is analyzed by gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection method. Linearity was acceptable over concentrations from 0.25 to 4.0 kg/mL. The method percentile recovery for the six different organophosphorus insecticides was 86.3% for phorate, 78.3% for dimethoate, 82.3% for malathion, 79.4% for chlorpyrifos, 80.2% for diazinon, and 68.5% for ethion at the kg/mL level. Serum samples of nine workers who had been occupationally exposed to malathion in an insecticide manufacturing factory, were analyzed and malathion was found at low levels in all the samples.
Keywords: acetone
Keywords: Organophosphorus compounds
Keywords: Residues
Keywords: phorate
Keywords: Phosphorus
Keywords: H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Chlorpyrifos
Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
Keywords: Factories
Keywords: Insecticides
Keywords: Gas chromatography
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: Dimethoate
Keywords: Acetone
Keywords: Phosphorus compounds
Keywords: Ethers
Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals
Keywords: Diazinon
Keywords: dimethoate
Keywords: Toxicology
Keywords: Occupational exposure
Keywords: Nitrogen English. Date revised - 2009-11-01. Last updated - 2012-03-29. DOI - MD-0010891971; 11148548; 0973-2284. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chlorpyrifos; Insecticides; Gas chromatography; phorate; Phosphorus; Dimethoate; Acetone; Ethers; Diazinon; Malathion; Nitrogen; acetone; Organophosphorus compounds; Residues; Factories; Pesticides; Phosphorus compounds; dimethoate; Occupational exposure; Toxicology

583. Singh, B.; Kaur, J., and Singh, K. Biodegradation of malathion by Brevibacillus sp strain KB2 and Bacillus cereus strain PU. 2012; 28, 1133-1141.

Rec #: 15870
Keywords: FATE
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: We report here the degradation of a pesticide, malathion, by Brevibacillus sp. strain KB2 and Bacillus cereus strain PU, isolated from soil samples collected from malathion contaminated field and an army firing range respectively. Both the strains were cultured in the presence of malathion under aerobic and energy-limiting conditions. Both strains grew well in the medium having malathion concentration up to 0.15%. Reverse phase HPLC-UV analysis indicated that Strain KB2 was able to degrade 72.20% of malaoxon (an analogue of malathion) and 36.22% of malathion, while strain PU degraded 87.40% of malaoxon and 49.31% of malathion, after 7 days of incubation. The metabolites mal-monocarboxylic acid and mal-dicarboxylic acid were identified by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The factors affecting biodegradation efficiency were investigated and effect of malathion concentration on degradation rate was also determined. The strain was analyzed for carboxylesterase activity and maximum activity 210 +/- A 2.5 U ml(-1) and 270 U +/- A 2.7 ml(-1) was observed for strains KB2 and PU, respectively. Cloning and sequencing of putative malathion degrading carboxylesterase gene was done using primers based PCR approach.
Number of Volumes: 3
ISI Document Delivery No.: 892MN ://CCC:000300290400040

584. Singh, B.; Kaur, J., and Singh, K. Transformation of Malathion by Lysinibacillus Sp. Isolated From Soil.

Rec #: 8630
Keywords: BACTERIA
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: ABSTRACT: An axenic bacterial strain, Lysinibacillus sp. KB1, was isolated from malathion-contaminated soil. It tolerated malathion up to 0.15 % and, under aerobic conditions, utilized it as sole carbon source. 20 % malathion and 47 % malaoxon were degraded out of the initially provided malathion. Two metabolites, mal-monocarboxylic acid and mal-dicarboxylic acid, were detected within 7 days at 30 °C. Esterase activity of the strain was 240 ± 2.5 U/ml after 7 days of growth. Sterilized soil mixed with malathion showed rapid degradation of malathion when inoculated with strain KB1 as compared to the uninoculated soil.
MESH HEADINGS: Aerobiosis
MESH HEADINGS: Bacillaceae/*isolation &
MESH HEADINGS: purification/*metabolism/physiology
MESH HEADINGS: Biodegradation, Environmental
MESH HEADINGS: Biotransformation
MESH HEADINGS: Carbon/metabolism
MESH HEADINGS: Malathion/analogs &
MESH HEADINGS: derivatives/*metabolism
MESH HEADINGS: *Soil Microbiology eng

585. Singh, D. and Singh, H. Efficacy of Various Insecticidal Combinations for the Control of Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) and Earias spp. and Their Influence on Yield of Vegetable and Seed Crops of Okra. 1991; 4, (1): 54-60.

Rec #: 320
Keywords: MIXTURE
Call Number: NO MIXTURE (CBF,CYP,DM,DMT,ES,FNV,MLN,PMR,PRT,TAUF)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: ACYP,CBF,CYP,DM,DMT,ES,FNV,FVL,MLN,PMR,PRT

586. Singh, K. J. and Singh, O. P. Chemical Control of the Blue Beetle, Cheorane sp. and Gray Semilooper Rivula sp. on Soybean in Madhya Pradesh. SOIL; 1988; 22, (6): 29-31.

Rec #: 330
Keywords: NO CONC
Call Number: NO CONC (ES,FNV,MLN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: EPRN,ES,FNV,MLN,PRN

587. Singh, S. and Sahai, S. Effect of Malathion on the Immature Ovary of Rasbora daniconius - A Histopathological Study. 1178//: 1985; 6, (1-2): 11-15.

Rec #: 870
Keywords: NO SOURCE
Call Number: NO SOURCE (MLN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN

588. Singh, S. B.; Mukherjee, I.; Maisnam, J.; Kumar, P.; Gopal, M., and Kulshrestha, G. Determination of Pesticide Residues in Integrated Pest Management and Nonintegrated Pest Management Samples of Apple (Malus pumila Mill.). 2009; 57, 11277-11283.

Rec #: 15900
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Studies were undertaken to analyze the residues of commonly used pesticides viz. chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, dicofol, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, propargite, malathion, phorate, carbendazim, carbosulfan, thiamethoxam, and mancozeb in apple of integrated pest management (IPM) and non-IPM samples collected from the IPM and non-IPM fields of Shimla. We also present a method for the determination of these pesticides in apple samples. Residues of chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, dicofol, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and propargite were analyzed by gas chromatography, while residues of carbendazim, carbosulfan, and thiamethoxam were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Residues of mancozeb were determined by a colorimetric method. Recoveries of all of the pesticides ranged from 61.30 to 95.46% at 0.1, 0.2, and 1.0 mu g g(-1) levels of fortification with relative standard deviations ranging between 0.8 and 8.7. Apples from IPM and non-IPM orchards were analyzed for these pesticides using a developed method. Except for carbendazim and chlorpyrifos, the residues of all of the pesticides analyzed were below detectable limits. Although residues of carbendazim and chlorpyrifos were below the prescribed limits of maximum residue levels in both IPM and non-IPM orchards, residues were lower in apples from IPM orchards.
Number of Volumes: 23
ISI Document Delivery No.: 525BO ://CCC:000272188300031

589. Singh, Satyender; Kumar, Vivek; Thakur, Sachin; Banerjee, Basu Dev; Chandna, Sudhir; Rautela, Rajender Singh; Grover, Shyam Sunder; Rawat, Devendra Singh; Pasha, Syed Tazeen; Jain, Sudhir Kumar; Ichhpujani, Rattan Lal; Rai, Arvind, and Jain, Sudhir Kumar. Dna Damage and Cholinesterase Activity in Occupational Workers Exposed to Pesticides. 2011 Mar; 31, (2): 278-285.

Rec #: 3570
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate genotoxicity, acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity, hepatic and renal toxicity in occupational workers exposed to mixture of pesticides (n =70) with same number of healthy subjects as controls. The mean comet tail DNA % (TD %) and tail moment (TM) were used to measure DNA damage, while AChE activity and other biochemical parameters such as markers of nephrotoxicity (urea and creatinine) and hepatotoxicity (AST, ALT and ALP) were measured as biomarkers for toxicity due to exposure of pesticides. The occupational workers were continuously exposed to mixture of pirimiphos methyl, chlorpyrifos, temephos and malathion on a regular interval as per usage and activity. The comet assay using lymphocytes of exposed workers showed significantly higher TD percentage value (60.43% vs. 31.86%, p <0.001) and TM value (14.48 mu m vs. 6.42 mu m, p <0.001) in occupational workers as compared to controls. AChE activity in erythrocytes was found to be decreased (3.45KAU/L vs. 9.55KAU/L in controls, p <0.001) and associated with the duration of exposure to pesticides used by the workers. Enzyme levels for hepatic and renal functions were also found significantly different in occupational workers than healthy controls (p <0.001). These results suggest that the exposure to mixture of pirimiphos methyl, chlorpyrifos, temephos and malathion may induce DNA damage, decrease in AChE activity, hepatotoxicity as well as nephrotoxicity. Periodic biomonitoring of these biomarkers along with imparting education and training to occupational workers for safe application of pesticides is recommended for its potential hazards.
Keywords: Erythrocytes
Keywords: Urea
Keywords: Lymphocytes
Keywords: Cholinesterase
Keywords: P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Workers
Keywords: Renal function
Keywords: biomonitoring
Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals
Keywords: Occupational exposure
Keywords: Bioindicators
Keywords: Tails
Keywords: Genotoxicity
Keywords: N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
Keywords: Enzymes
Keywords: H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
Keywords: Toxicity
Keywords: biomarkers
Keywords: hepatotoxicity
Keywords: ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
Keywords: Chlorpyrifos
Keywords: DNA damage
Keywords: Creatinine
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: DNA
Keywords: Liver
Keywords: Comet assay English. Date revised - 2011-05-01. Last updated - 2012-03-29. DOI - 3e6d152b-1374-40d7-8942csamfg201; 14514014; 1382-6689. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tails; Genotoxicity; Erythrocytes; Enzymes; Urea; Lymphocytes; Cholinesterase; biomarkers; Malathion; hepatotoxicity; Chlorpyrifos; DNA damage; Workers; Creatinine; Renal function; Pesticides; Liver; biomonitoring; Comet assay; Occupational exposure; Bioindicators; DNA; Toxicity

590. Singh, Vinay K; Singh, Ravi S; Tiwari, Prem N; Singh, Jai K; Gode, Fethiye; Sharma, Yogesh C, and Singh, Vinay K. Removal of Malathion From Aqueous Solutions and Waste Water Using Fly Ash. 2010 Apr; 2, (4): 322.

Rec #: 4260
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Fly ash, obtained from a thermal power plant, Anpara, Sonebhadra, India has been used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of malathion from aqueous solutions. The time required to attain equilibrium was found to increase from 40 to 60 minutes as the initial malathion concentration increases from 1 to 10 mg/L. The optimum pH value for adsorption was 4.50. The removal of malathion increased by increasing the temperature indicating endothermic nature of removal process. The fly ash exhibited first order rate kinetics and followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Endothermic nature of adsorption process was further supported from increasing values of Langmuir and Freundlich constants with increase in temperature. The adsorbent can be used as an economical product for the removal of malathion from wastewater also. A comparison of the adsorption capacity of fly ash with other adsorbents shows that fly ash can be used for the removal of malathion from aqueous solutions.
Keywords: SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes
Keywords: Thermal Power
Keywords: Temperature
Keywords: Adsorbents
Keywords: Fly ash
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: India
Keywords: Fly Ash
Keywords: Kinetics
Keywords: Economics
Keywords: Adsorption
Keywords: Power plants
Keywords: AQ 00002:Water Quality
Keywords: Isotherms
Keywords: Wastewater
Keywords: Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
Keywords: pH English. Date revised - 2010-09-01. Last updated - 2012-03-29. DOI - 4a15050e-708e-4634-a3b4mfgefd101; 13651715; 1945-3108. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Kinetics; Economics; Power plants; Temperature; Adsorption; Fly ash; pH; Wastewater; Malathion; Fly Ash; Thermal Power; Adsorbents; Isotherms; India

591. Singhai, R and Singhai, R. Remediation of Malathion Contaminated Soil Using Iron Nanoparticle. 2010 Mar 1.

Rec #: 4340
Keywords: FATE
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Keywords: Soil pollution
Keywords: Bioremediation
Keywords: Soil contamination
Keywords: U 4300:Environmental Science
Keywords: Nanoparticles
Keywords: Iron
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Pollution control English. Date revised - 2010-04-06. Last updated - 2010-05-03. DOI - CPI-5645845; 5645845

592. Sinha, Sukesh Narayan; Bhatnagar, V. K.; Doctor, Pankaj; Toteja, G. S.; Agnihotri, N. P., and Kalra, R. L. A novel method for pesticide analysis in refined sugar samples using a gas chromatographyÇômass spectrometer (GCÇôMS/MS) and simple solvent extraction method. 2011 May 1-; 126, (1): 379-386.

Rec #: 1580
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: A sensitive method for the quantification of 11 pesticides in sugar samples to the ++g kg êÆ1 level has been developed. These pesticides are often used in an agricultural context. A simple solvent extraction followed by selective analysis using a gas chromatographyÇômass spectrometric method was used. This method was accurate (_+99%) as it possesses limits of detection in the 0.1-++g kgêÆ1 range, and the coefficients of variations are less than 15% at the low ++g kgêÆ1 end of the methodÇÖs linear range. The percent recovery of all the pesticides at the lowest levels of detection ranges from 82% to 104%. This method was used for the quantification of pesticides in sugar samples collected from different factory outlets from different parts of India. In this study, 27 refined sugar samples were analysed in which one sample showed a detectable level of the chlorpyrifos pesticide. This study showed that Indian sugar is free from the commonly-used pesticides at the low ++g kgêÆ1 levels. Refined sugar/ GCÇôMS/MS/ Solvent extraction/ Pesticides http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814610014020

593. Skopichev, V. G. and Smirnova, O. O. [Echinocytosis and Changes of Medium Weight Molecules Content in Endo- and Exogenous Intoxications].

Rec #: 9470
Keywords: NON-ENGLISH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to detect the interrelationship between the increased serum concentration of the medium weight molecules (MWM) and echinocytosis, to establish the rate of echinocyte appearance in blood in endogenous and exogenous intoxications and the dependence of echinocytosis on phosphacol and carbophos doses or the degree of endogenous intoxication. Two series of studies were conducted. In the 1st series, the experiments were conducted on outbred albino rats. Rats of the 1st group received phosphacol in doses equal to 0.5, 5.0 and 50 LD50, while the rats of the 2nd group were given carbophos in doses equal to 0.1 and 1.0 LD50. In the 2nd series, the blood of cats with chronic renal failure at uremic stage was studied (as an example of endogenous intoxication). In all the animals, serum MWM concentrations were measured together with the relative echinocyte content and echinocytes were examined with electrone microscope. The ability of MWM to influence erythrocyte deformation was evaluated. Increased MWM concentrations and echinocyte content was found in association with the increase of intoxication severity, while echinocyte percentage in cats' blood was augmented under the action of MWM.
MESH HEADINGS: Animals
MESH HEADINGS: Cats
MESH HEADINGS: Cholinesterase Inhibitors/*adverse effects/pharmacology
MESH HEADINGS: *Erythrocytes, Abnormal/metabolism/ultrastructure
MESH HEADINGS: Malathion/*adverse effects/pharmacology
MESH HEADINGS: Male
MESH HEADINGS: Paraoxon/*adverse effects/pharmacology
MESH HEADINGS: *Poisoning/blood/pathology
MESH HEADINGS: Rats rus

594. Slager, R. E.; Simpson, S. L.; LeVan, T. D.; Poole, J. A.; Sandler, D. P., and Hoppin, J. A. Rhinitis Associated with Pesticide Use Among Private Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study. 2010; 73, 1382-1393.

Rec #: 15910
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Farmers commonly experience rhinitis but the risk factors are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to analyze cross-sectional data on rhinitis in the past year and pesticide use from 21,958 Iowa and North Carolina farmers in the Agricultural Health Study, enrolled 1993-1997, to evaluate pesticide predictors of rhinitis. Polytomous and logistic regression models were used to assess association between pesticide use and rhinitis while controlling for demographics and farm-related exposures. Sixty-seven percent of farmers reported current rhinitis and 39% reported 3 or more rhinitis episodes. The herbicides glyphosate [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.05-1.13] and petroleum oil (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19) were associated with current rhinitis and increased rhinitis episodes. Of the insecticides, four organophosphates (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, and malathion), carbaryl, and use of permethrin on animals were predictors of current rhinitis. Diazinon was significant in the overall polytomous model and was associated with an elevated OR of 13+ rhinitis episodes (13+ episodes OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.09-1.38). The fungicide captan was also a significant predictor of rhinitis. Use of petroleum oil, use of malathion, use of permethrin, and use of the herbicide metolachlor were significant in exposure-response polytomous models. Specific pesticides may contribute to rhinitis in farmers; agricultural activities did not explain these findings.
Number of Volumes: 20
ISI Document Delivery No.: 647GM ://CCC:000281606400004

595. Slauter, R. W. 18-Month Oral (Dietary) Oncogenicity Study in Mice, Test Substance Malathion. 1994.

Rec #: 880
Keywords: NO SOURCE
Call Number: NO SOURCE (MLN)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN

596. Smee, Delbert; Wendel, C, and Smee, Delbert. Ambient Malathion Concentrations Increase Mortality and Modify Behavior of Blue Crabs. 2010 Mar 10.

Rec #: 4280
Keywords: ABSTRACT
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Keywords: Mortality
Keywords: U 2000:Biological Sciences
Keywords: Crustacea
Keywords: Callinectes sapidus
Keywords: Malathion English. Date revised - 2010-05-17. Last updated - 2010-08-14. DOI - CPI-5705979; 5705979

597. Smith, Whitney and Blank, C. LeRoy Ketchum Heather. Effects of Insecticides on Postmortem Interval: Implications for Forensic Investigations. 2011.

Rec #: 8030
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Postmortem interval (PMI) is the length of time that occurs between death of a person and the subsequent discovery of the body. PMI can be determined in a variety of ways depending on how long the body has been exposed to the environment. Forensic entomologists can use the identity and growth stages of insects to determine the PMI. During the initial stages of decomposition, the primary insects to attack the body are blow flies and flesh flies. The abundance and age of the fly larvae are used to calculate the PMI according to established life cycle times for each species. Several factors can alter the apparent PMI via alterations in the insect activity. These factors include temperature, humidity, sunlight, and chemicals present in or on the body. This research focused on the alteration of PMI by insecticides applied to the body after death. Readily available insecticides were chosen from three classes of pesticides: malathion, an organophosphate; carbaryl, a carbamate; and permethrin, a pyrethroid. Pig carcasses were coated with a 0.5% solution of one of the three pesticides and placed in a remote site protected from predation. The pigs were monitored daily for the appearance of fly larvae. Larvae were collected and analyzed by GC/MS for the presence of the insecticides. The insecticides deterred the arrival of flies in the following decreasing potency: permethrin, carbaryl, and malathion.
Start Page: 176
ISSN/ISBN: 9781124637754
Keywords: Postmortem interval
Keywords: Insecticides
Keywords: Biochemistry
Keywords: Forensic investigations
Keywords: 0353:Entomology
Keywords: Fresh flies
Keywords: 0487:Biochemistry
Keywords: Blow flies
Keywords: Biological sciences
Keywords: Pure sciences
Keywords: Entomology
Keywords: Insects English. Copyright - Copyright ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing 2011. Last updated - 2012-06-29. DOI - 2365234701; 61733891; 66569; 9781124637754; 3454421. First page - n/a

598. Sobhanzadeh, Elham; Abu Bakar, nor Kartini; Abas, Mhd Radzi Bin; Nemati, Keivan, and Sobhanzadeh, Elham. Low Temperature Followed by Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion-Sonication Procedure for the Determination of Multiclass Pesticides in Palm Oil Using Lc-Tof-Ms. 2011 Feb 28; 186, (2-3): 1308-1313.

Rec #: 3620
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: A simple and effective multiresidue method based on precipitation at low temperature followed by matrix solid-phase dispersion-sonication was developed and validated to determine dimethoate, malathion, carbaryl, simazine, terbuthylazine, atrazine and diuron in palm oil using liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS). Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) followed by low temperature method were optimized by studying the effect of type and volume of organic solvent (acetonitrile, acetonitrile:n-hexane (3:2 v/v) and acetone) and time of freezing to obtain high recovery yield and low co-extract fat residue in the final extract. The optimal conditions for matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) were obtained using 5g of palm oil, 2g of primary secondary amine (PSA) as dispersing sorbent, 1g of graphitized carbon black (GCB) as clean-up sorbent and 15mL of acetonitrile as eluting solvent under conditions of 15min ultrasonication at room temperature. Method validation was performed in order to study sensitivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. Average recoveries at three concentration levels (25, 50 and 100 mu gkg super(-1)) were found in the range of 72.6-91.3% with relative standard deviations between 5.3% and 14.2%. Detection and quantification limits ranged from 1.5 to 5 mu gkg super(-1) and from 2.5 to 9 mu gkg super(-1), respectively.
Keywords: acetone
Keywords: ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
Keywords: Carbaryl
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Mass spectroscopy
Keywords: Oil
Keywords: amines
Keywords: simazine
Keywords: Sorbents
Keywords: Carbon
Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals
Keywords: Temperature effects
Keywords: Diuron
Keywords: Temperature
Keywords: Solvents
Keywords: Freezing
Keywords: Herbicides
Keywords: Precipitation
Keywords: Standard deviation
Keywords: Liquid chromatography
Keywords: Engineering--Chemical Engineering
Keywords: Atrazine
Keywords: Pesticides
Keywords: low temperature
Keywords: Dimethoate
Keywords: Acetone
Keywords: Acetonitrile English. Date revised - 2011-10-01. Last updated - 2011-12-13. DOI - OB-c49ac3ca-c21e-4573-a34bcsamfg201; 14513488; 0304-3894. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Diuron; Freezing; Solvents; Carbaryl; Precipitation; Malathion; Mass spectroscopy; Oil; amines; simazine; Carbon; Standard deviation; Liquid chromatography; Pesticides; Atrazine; Acetone; Dimethoate; Acetonitrile; acetone; Sorbents; Temperature; low temperature; Herbicides

599. Sobhanzadeh, Elham; Abu Bakar, nor Kartini; Bin Abas, Mhd Radzi; Nemati, Keivan, and Sobhanzadeh, Elham. A Simple and Efficient Multi-Residue Method Based on Quechers for Pesticides Determination in Palm Oil by Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. 2012 Sep; 184, (9): 5821-5828.

Rec #: 2530
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: In this study, a rapid, specific and sensitive multi-residue method based on acetonitrile extraction followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) clean-up was implemented and validated for multi-class pesticide residues determination in palm oil for the first time. Liquid-liquid extraction followed by low-temperature precipitation procedure was evaluated in order to study the freezing-out clean-up efficiency to obtain high recovery yield and low co-extract fat residue in the final extract. For clean-up step, d-SPE was carried out using a combination of anhydrous magnesium sulphate (MgSO sub(4)), primary secondary amine, octadecyl (C sub(18)) and graphitized carbon black. Recovery study was performed at two concentration levels (10 and 100 ng g super(-1)), yielding recovery rates between 74.52% and 97.1% with relative standard deviation values below 10% (n=6) except diuron. Detection and quantification limits were lower than 5 and 9 ng g super(-1), respectively. In addition, soft matrix effects ( less than or equal to plus or minus 20%) were observed for most of the studied pesticides except malathion that indicated medium (20-50%) matrix effects. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of suspected palm oil samples.
Keywords: Sulfates
Keywords: Black carbon
Keywords: Diuron
Keywords: Pesticide residues
Keywords: ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
Keywords: Mass spectrometry
Keywords: Amines
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Environmental Studies
Keywords: Oil
Keywords: P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION
Keywords: Liquid chromatography
Keywords: Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts English. Date revised - 2012-11-01. Last updated - 2012-12-06. DOI - OB-fe904abb-3427-492d-a4d6mfgefd107; 17133910; 0167-6369; 1573-2959. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Oil; Black carbon; Diuron; Liquid chromatography; Pesticide residues; Mass spectrometry; Amines; Malathion

600. Soisungnoen, Phimpha; Burakham, Rodjana; Srijaranai, Supalax, and Soisungnoen, Phimpha. Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined With Reversed Electrode Polarity Stacking Mode-Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. 2012 Aug 30; 98, 62-68.

Rec #: 2570
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: A rapid and sensitive method using two preconcentration techniques, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) followed by reversed electrode polarity stacking mode (REPSM) was developed for the analysis of five organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). Parameters that affect the efficiency of the extraction in DLLME and preconcentration by REPSM, such as the kind and volume of the extraction and disperser solvents, salt addition, sample matrix and injection time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors were obtained in the range from 477 to 635. The linearity of the method for parathion, azinphos and fenitrithion was in the range of 20-1000 ng mL-1, and for malathion and diazinon in the range of 50-1000 ng mL-1, with correlation coefficients (r2) ranging from 0.9931 to 0.9992. The limits of detecton (LODs) at a signal-to-noice ratio of 3 ranged from 3 to 15 ng mL-1. The relative recoveries of five OPPs from water samples at spiking levels of 20 and 200 ng mL-1 for parathion, azinphos and fenitrithion, and 50 and 500 ng mL-1 for malathion and diazinon, were 69.5-103%. The proposed method provided high enrichment factors, good precision and accuracy with a short analysis time.
Keywords: Organophosphorus Pesticides
Keywords: SW 5040:Data acquisition
Keywords: Chromatography
Keywords: Analytical Methods
Keywords: Electrodes
Keywords: AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
Keywords: Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts
Keywords: Polarity
Keywords: Enrichment
Keywords: Diazinon
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Parathion English. Date revised - 2012-11-01. Last updated - 2013-03-22. DOI - 4953f4c1-3985-4b24-8f13-e8990e70e2c8; 17266331; 0039-9140. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organophosphorus Pesticides; Chromatography; Analytical Methods; Electrodes; Polarity; Enrichment; Diazinon; Malathion; Parathion

601. Sonchieu, J.; Ngassoum, M. B.; Tchatchueng, J. B.; Srivastava, A. K., and Srivastava, L. P. Survey of pesticide residues in maize, cowpea and millet from northern Cameroon: part I. 2010; 3, 178-184.

Rec #: 15950
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: In northern Cameroon, the misuse of pesticides for pest control is common among small-scale farmers. Therefore, monitoring of pesticide residues was carried out on stored maize, cowpea and millet from eight localities. The determination of residues of organochlorines (lindane, alpha-endosulfan and beta-endosulfan), organophosphorus compounds (malathion and pirimiphos-methyl), synthetic pyrethroids (permethrin) and carbamates (carbufuran) was performed using GC-ECD/NPD and GC-MS for confirmation. Organochlorine pesticides were detected more frequently and in higher concentrations, ranging from 0.02 +/- 0.01 mgkg(-1) for beta-endosulfan in millet to 9.53 +/- 4.00mg kg(-1) lindane in maize, than organophosphorus compounds, with concentrations varying from 0.04 +/- 0.03mg kg(-1) for pirimiphos methyl to 0.23 +/- 0.38mg kg(-1) for malathion in maize. Permethrin was found only in maize at 0.39 +/- 0.23mg kg(-1). No carbofuran was found. More than 75% of samples contained pesticide residues above the maximum residue limit (MRL); showing a potential human dietary risk related to consumption of these grains.
Number of Volumes: 3
ISI Document Delivery No.: 640VJ ://CCC:000281081700007

602. Sonchieu, Jean; Ngassoum, Martin Benoit; Tchatchueng, Jean Bosco; Srivastava, Ashutosh Kumar, and Srivastava, Laxman Prasad. Survey of pesticide residues in maize, cowpea and millet from northern Cameroon. I. 2010; 3, 178-184.

Rec #: 11340
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: In northern Cameroon, the misuse of pesticides for pest control is common among small-scale farmers. Therefore, monitoring of pesticide residues was carried out on stored maize, cowpea and millet from eight localities. The determination of residues of organochlorines (lindane, α-endosulfan and β-endosulfan), organophosphorus compounds (malathion and pirimiphos-methyl), synthetic pyrethroids (permethrin) and carbamates (carbufuran) was performed using GC-ECD/NPD and GC-MS for confirmation. Organochlorine pesticides were detected more frequently and in higher concentrations, ranging from 0.02 ± 0.01 mg kg-1 for β-endosulfan in millet to 9.53 ± 4.00 mg kg-1 lindane in maize, than organophosphorus compounds, with concentrations varying from 0.04 ± 0.03 mg kg-1 for pirimiphos methyl to 0.23 ± 0.38 mg kg-1 for malathion in maize. Permethrin was found only in maize at 0.39 ± 0.23 mg kg-1. No carbofuran was found. More than 75% of samples contained pesticide residues above the maximum residue limit (MRL); showing a potential human dietary risk related to consumption of these grains.
Keywords: carbufuran
Number of Volumes: 3
Includes references 1022788850 http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t783462596~d b=all

603. Song, Renbo and Ding, Yujie. Fingerprinting Biological Materials Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. 2009.

Rec #: 8170
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: At the start of the twenty-first century, infrared spectroscopy is one of the standard workhorses of the manufacturing world, whether in semiconductor production, process control in chemical engineering, or environmental monitoring. It is relatively inexpensive, rapid, very sensitive, and can provide quick and efficient information on chemical reaction conditions through its ability to detect characteristic vibrations of molecules of interest in the process under investigation. In the recent years, successful identification and detection of Bio-chemicals have been attracting great interests and have many applications on biomedicine and national defense and security. In practice this goal has been limited by the detection technology. With increasing technology in infrared spectroscopy, especially Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), along with advanced development of sample preparation techniques, computer filtering and manipulation of the results, samples in vapor, liquid and solid forms all can be measured quickly and accurately now. In this thesis, targeted for future sensor design, a Chalcogenide glass based waveguide is designed for bio-sensors in the infrared optical frequency range, and various bio-chemicals have been fingerprinted from Mid-IR to THz by utilizing the tremendous power of FTIR in the spectroscopic characterizations. The studied bio-chemicals were carefully selected based on their potential impacts, such as pharmaceutical and medical related insulin and glucose, national defense and security concerned sucrose, malathion and albumin as simulants for explosives, VX nerve agents and proteinaceous toxin, respectively. As results, the designed waveguide structure has great potential in the application on bio-sensing, and the identified vibrational peaks for these bio-chemicals created a solid foundation for future bio-sensor design and therefore would contribute huge impact on pharmaceutical/medial and national defense and security.
Start Page: 140
ISSN/ISBN: 9781109389845
Keywords: Fingerprinting
Keywords: Applied sciences
Keywords: 0544:Electrical engineering
Keywords: FTIR
Keywords: Biological materials
Keywords: Electrical engineering English. Copyright - Copyright ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing 2009. Last updated - 2012-07-12. DOI - 1885756611; 42657911; 66569; 9781109389845; 3373088. First page - n/a

604. Sonnenschein, C. and Soto, A. M. An Updated Review of Environmental Estrogen and Androgen Mimics and Antagonists. 1998; 65, (1-6): 143-150.

Rec #: 970
Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW
Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (24D,24DXY,ACR,ATZ,CBF,CBL,CPY,CTN,DCF,DCPA,DZ,ES,ES1,ES2,HXZ,MEM,MLN,MTL,MTPN,Maneb,PPZ,RTN,SZ,TFN,THM,Ziram), NO REVIEW (24D,24DXY,ACR,ATZ,CBF,CBL,CPY,CTN,DCF,DCPA,DZ,ES,ES1,ES2,HXZ,MEM,MLN,MTL,MTPN,Maneb,PPZ,RTN,SZ,TFN,THM,Ziram)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ACR,ATZ,BDC,CBF,CBL,CHD,CPY,CTN,CZE,DCF,DCPA,DDT,DLD,DZ,ES,ES1,ES2,HCCH,HPT,HXZ,MEM,MLN,MRX,MTL,MTPN,MXC,Maneb,PCB,PCL,PPCP,PPZ,PYN,RTN,SZ,TFN,THM,TXP,Zineb,Ziram

605. South, D. B. and Zwolinski, J. B. Chemicals Used in Southern Forest Nurseries. SOIL; 1996; 20, (3): 127-135.

Rec #: 340
Keywords: REFS CHECKED,REVIEW
Call Number: NO REFS CHECKED (ACP,ACR,ATZ,BMY,BRA3,CLP,CPY,CTN,Captan,Conazoles,DCF,DMT,DZ,EFV,EP,EPTC,FNV,FSF,GYP,LCF,LQN,MLN,MLX,MTL,MZB,OXF,PMT,PSM,SFR,SMM,SXD,TDF,TFN,THM,Zn,Zn element), NO REVIEW (ACP,ACR,ATZ,BMY,BRA3,CLP,CPY,CTN,Captan,Conazoles,DCF,DMT,DZ,EFV,EP,EPTC,FNV,FSF,GYP,LCF,LQN,MLN,MLX,MTL,MZB,OXF,PMT,PSM,SFR,SMM,SXD,TDF,TFN,THM,Zn,Zn element)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: ACP,ACR,ATZ,BMY,BORON,BRA3,CLP,CPY,CTN,Captan,DCF,DMT,DZ,EFV,EP,EPTC,FBM,FNV,FSF,GYP,HMN,LCF,LQN,MLN,MLX,MTL,MZB,NPP,ODZ,OXF,PMT,PSM,SFR,SMM,SXD,TDF,TFN,THM,TPM,Zn

606. Sozeri, B.; Gulez, N.; Aksu, G.; Kutukculer, N.; Akalin, T., and Kandiloglu, G. Pesticide-Induced Scleroderma and Early Intensive Immunosuppressive Treatment. 2012; 67, 43-47.

Rec #: 15970
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: The authors report 2 children with generalized cutaneous sclerosis exposed to pesticides containing malathion and diniconazole. Treatment with immunosuppressives resulted in partial improvement in the cutaneous signs, particularly over the face, trunk, and proximal limbs. The considerable exposure to chemicals related with the initiation of symptoms and absence of organ involvement suggested a diagnosis of chemically induced scleroderma-like disorder. Although autoantibodies were negative, previously reported relevant associations of anti-kinetochore and anti-topoisomerase function of active ingredients-diniconazole and phosphorodithioate-and solvents of these pesticides are also discussed. Careful follow-up for systemic involvement is warranted, since these agents may have triggered systemic scleroderma in these patients. Elimination of chemical exposure of children is stressed.
Number of Volumes: 1
ISI Document Delivery No.: 911OR ://CCC:000301728500007

607. Srivastava, Ashutosh K; Trivedi, Purushottam; Srivastava, M K; Lohani, M; Srivastava, Laxman Prasad, and Srivastava, Ashutosh K. Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Market Basket Samples of Vegetable From Lucknow City, India: Quechers Method. 2011 May; 176, (1-4): 465-472.

Rec #: 3500
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: The study was conducted on 20 vegetables including leafy, root, modified stem, and fruity vegetables like bitter gourd, jack fruit, french-bean, onion, colocassia, pointed gourd, capsicum, spinach, potato, fenugreek seeds, carrot, radish, cucumber, beetroot, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, okra, and bottle gourd. Forty-eight pesticides including 13 organochlorines (OCs), 17 organophosphates (OPs), 10 synthetic pyrethriods (SPs), and eight herbicides (H) pesticides were analyzed. A total number of 60 samples, each in triplicates, were analyzed using Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe method. The quantification was done by GC-ECD/NPD. The recovery varies from 70.22% to 96.32% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 15%. However the limit of detection ranged from 0.001--0.009 mg kg-1 for OCs, SPs, OPs, and H, respectively. Twenty-three pesticides were detected from total 48 analyzed pesticides in the samples with the range of 0.005--12.35 mg kg-1. The detected pesticides were: Delta *S-HCH, Dicofol, Delta *S-Endosulfan, Fenpropathrin, Permethrin-II, Delta *b-cyfluthrin-II, Fenvalerate-I, Dichlorvos, Dimethoate, Diazinon, Malathion, Chlorofenvinfos, Anilophos, and Dimethachlor. In some vegetables like radish, cucumber, cauliflower, cabbage, and okra, the detected pesticides ( Delta *S-HCH, Permethrin-II, Dichlorvos, and Chlorofenvinfos) were above maximum residues limit (MRL) (PFA 1954). However, in other vegetables the level of pesticide residues was either below detection limit or MRL.
Keywords: Organochlorine compounds
Keywords: ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
Keywords: Organophosphates
Keywords: Pesticide residues
Keywords: fruits
Keywords: dichlorvos
Keywords: Momordica charantia
Keywords: Capsicum
Keywords: India, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow
Keywords: Herbicides
Keywords: Daucus
Keywords: Brassica
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: India
Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum
Keywords: P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION
Keywords: Solanum tuberosum
Keywords: Economics
Keywords: Allium cepa
Keywords: Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
Keywords: Spinacia oleracea
Keywords: dimethoate English. Date revised - 2011-11-01. Last updated - 2012-06-18. DOI - 69790e53-65cc-4297-b6d1csaobj201; 15174732; 0167-6369. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Organochlorine compounds; Organophosphates; Pesticide residues; fruits; Economics; dichlorvos; Herbicides; dimethoate; Malathion; Lycopersicon esculentum; Solanum tuberosum; Allium cepa; Momordica charantia; Capsicum; Daucus; Spinacia oleracea; Brassica; India, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow; India

608. Staley, Z. R.; Rohr, J. R., and Harwood, V. J. The effect of agrochemicals on indicator bacteria densities in outdoor mesocosms. 2010; 12, 3150-3158.

Rec #: 16000
Keywords: BACTERIA
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: P>Water bodies, which are monitored for microbial water quality by quantification of faecal indicator organisms (IOs), can contain various zoonotic pathogens contributed by livestock waste and other sources. Sediments can serve as reservoirs of IOs and other enteric microorganisms, including pathogens. Agrochemicals may influence the survival of these microorganisms in water bodies impacted by livestock waste by enhancing or reducing their survival. Complex, 1100 l, freshwater mesocosms containing leaf litter, zooplankton, periphyton, phytoplankton, and invertebrate and vertebrate animals were used to investigate the