saqarTvelos sapensio politika
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nali, rac mas saSualebas aZlevs daikmayofilos minimaluri
moTxovnebi mainc, saxelmwifos mier dadgenili pensiis miReba
sagrZnoblad ar aumjobesebs mis finansur mdgomareobas da pen-
siis miReba mocemuli kategoriis mosaxleobisTvis ar aris sasi-
cocxlo mniSvnelobis.
meore mxriv, amave raodenobis pensias iRebs moqalaqe, rom-
lisTvisac es mciredi Tanxac saarsebod aucilebelia, radgan
sxva Semosavlis wyaro ar gaaCnia. arsebuli sistemis Secvla au-
cilebelia, raTa sapensio Tanxebi biujetidan ufro samarTlia-
nad gadanawildes da Raribi mosaxleobis sapensio uzrunvelyo-
fisaTvis meti finansuri resursebi iqnes mobilizebuli.
pensiis odenoba ar aris damokidebuli SromiTi saqmianobis
ganmavlobaSi saxelmwifo biujetSi gadaxdili saSemosavlo ga-
dasaxadis moculobaze, rac amcirebs sistemis mimarT samar-
Tlianobis gancdas mosaxleobaSi.
saxelmwifos mxridan dRemde ar yofila mcdeloba sapensio
uzrunvelyofis sferoSi reformis dawyebisa, Tumca saqarTve-
los premier-ministrma, biZina ivaniSvilma ganacxada, rom qveya-
naSi arasaxelmwifo sapensio dazRvevis axali sistema amoqmed-
deba dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis saxiT, romliTac moqalaqes
saSualeba eqneba, pensia sakuTari sapensio SenatanebiT dagro-
vebuli saxsrebidanac miiRos. amiT qveyana TandaTanobiT miuax-
lovdeba evropis socialur sivrces da gaxdeba misi organuli
Semadgeneli nawili.
26
TaobaTa solidarobaze dafuZnebuli saxelmwifo sapensio
sistema efeqtianad moqmedebs mxolod ganviTarebuli ekonomi-
kis pirobebSi, radgan is moiTxovs seriozul sabiujeto dana-
xarjebs. saqarTvelos msgavsi susti ekonomikis mqone qveynebSi,
sadac sabiujeto resursebi SezRudulia, SeuZlebelia pensio-
neris Rirseuli cxovrebisaTvis aucilebeli raodenobis pensi-
iT uzrunvelyofa mxolod biujetis xarjze.
26
News.ge
, ivaniSvili sapensio reformis Sesaxeb saubrobs, 2012 http://ne-
ws.ge/ge/news/story/35193-ivanishvili-sapensio-reformis-shesakheb-saubrobs
jaba urotaZe
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problemis gadaWris gzebi (alternativebi)
saqarTveloSi savaldebulo dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis
danergvis gzebia:
1. savaldebulo saxelmwifo dagrovebiTi sapensio siste-
ma. pirvel alternativas warmoadgens savaldebulo saxelmwifo
dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis danergva orsafexuriani sqemis
farglebSi, romelic Sedgeba Semdegi elementebisgan:
a)
savaldebulo dagrovebiTi pensia — gulisxmobs savalde-
bulo dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis danergvas saxelmwifo sa-
pensio fondis Seqmnis gziT. dasaqmebulis sapensio angariSis
Sevsebis ori wyaro iarsebebs:
1. damqiravebeli valdebuli iqneba sakuTari saxsrebiT uz-
runvelyos daqiravebulis sapensio dazRveva.
2. daqiravebuli moaxdens sakuTari xelfasis garkveuli, ka-
noniT dadgenili nawilis gadaricxvas fondSi, romlis marTvas
ganaxorcielebs saxelmwifo.
b)
damatebiTi dagrovebiTi pensia — savaldebulosgan gan-
sxvavdeba imiT, rom am SemTxvevaSi daqiravebuls sakuTari ini-
ciativiT, nebayoflobiT SeuZlia Seitanos kerZo sapensio fon-
dSi kidev damatebiTi Tanxebi sakuTari Semosavlebidan. am Tan-
xebis raodenoba damokidebuli iqneba piris survilze.
es iqneba ZiriTadi wyaro moqalaqis siberis uzrunvelsayo-
fad. moqalaqe ar iqneba damokidebuli mxolod saxelmwifos mi-
er gadaxdil mcire pensiaze da eqneba saSualeba sakuTari sax-
srebidanac moaxdinos Tanxis dazogva pensiisaTvis.
saxelmwifo sapensio fondis marTva sakmaod did sabiujeto
saxsrebis xarjvasTan iqneba dakavSirebuli, rac kidev ufro
gazrdis socialur wnexs saxelmwifo biujetze. Tu inflaciis
done moimatebs, rac aqamde araerTxel momxdara, es safrTxes
Seuqmnis amgvari fondis momgebianobas, radganac gaizrdeba
dagrovebuli Tanxebis gaufasurebis safrTxe. am procesma SeiZ-
leba gamoiwvios saxelmwifo sapensio fondSi deficitis zrda,
romelic unda daifaros saxelmwifo biujetidan. xolo, Tu ker-
Zo sapensio sqemaSi monawileoba iqneba nebayoflobiTi da ara
savaldebulo, qveyanaSi Semosavlebis, socialuri pasuxismgeb-
lobisa da TviTdisciplinis ganviTarebul qveynebTan Sedare-
saqarTvelos sapensio politika
da alternatiuli modelebi
317
biT dabali donis gamo, ver moxdeba kerZo sapensio fondebis
ganviTareba. biznesis daintereseba am sferoTi kvlav umniSvne-
lo iqneba, rac safrTxes Seuqmnis sapensio reformis ganxorci-
elebas.
2. savaldebulo kerZo dagrovebiTi sapensio sistema. meo-
re alternativa gulisxmobs savaldebulo kerZo dagrovebiTi
sapensio sistemis danergvas qveyanaSi, es ki meore alternati-
visgan principulad gansxvavdeba imiT, rom saxelmwifos roli
da tvirTi mniSvnelovnadaa Semcirebuli da gazrdilia kerZo
seqtoris mniSvneloba da socialuri pasuxismgebloba mosaxle-
obis sapensio uzrunvelyofis kuTxiT.
rogorc damqiravebeli, ise daqiravebuli, moaxdenen dadge-
nili Tanxebis gadaricxvas kerZo sapensio fondebSi daqirave-
bulis saxelze gaxsnil sapensio angariSze, saxelmwifo ki Seas-
rulebs aRniSnuli fondebis saqmianobis maregulirebel fun-
qcias. kerZo sapensio fondebis SerCeva SeiZleba moxdes Tavad
dasaqmebulis mier, an damsaqmeblis mier kerZo sapensio fon-
dTan dadebuli korporatiuli xelSekrulebis safuZvelze.
saxelmwifos ar eqneba valdebuleba minimaluri sapensio
Tanxa gadauxados yvela moqalaqes. TiToeuli dasaqmebuli Ta-
vad iqneba pasuxismgebeli sakuTari siberis uzrunvelyofaze,
saxelmwifo ki mxolod socialurad daucveli mosaxleobis sa-
pensio uzrunvelyofaze gaxdeba orientirebuli, magaliTad,
maTze, vinc sakmarisi Tanxis dagroveba ver moaxerxa fondSi sa-
kuTar angariSze; agreTve sxvadasxva kategoriis mosaxleobis
socialurad dacvaze: SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebis,
marCenaldakargulebis da a.S. amiT saxelmwifo ganTavisuflde-
ba zedmeti tvirTisagan, uxados pensia pirebs, romelTa Semosa-
vali aRemateba saarsebo minimums da resursebis koncentracias
moaxdens mxolod siRaribis zRvars qvemoT myof da gansakuTre-
buli zrunvis saWiroebis mqone pirebze. es gamoiwvevs mosaxle-
obisaTvis pensiis gazrdas da gaaumjobesebs maT ekonomikur
mdgomareobas.
savaldebulo kerZo dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis uaryo-
fiTi mxare saqarTvelos pirobebSi SeiZleba iyos umuSevrobis
maRali done, inflacia, saSualo xelfasis dabali maCvenebeli
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