Original research article ebola and zika virus

ISSN: 2230-9926
 
International Journal of Development Research 
Vol. 07, Issue, 10, pp.15735-15740, October,
2017
Article History: 
Received 16
th
July, 2017 
Received in revised form 
20
th
August, 2017 
Accepted 27
th
September, 2017 
Published online 10
th 
October, 2017
Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com
Citation: Rupali Yevale, Priyanka Kalamkar, Kirtibala Pawar and Nilofar Khan, 2017.
“Ebola and Zika virus”, 
International Journal of Development 
Research
, 7, (10), 15735-15740. 
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS 
Keywords: 
 
Ebola virus,
Zika virus. 
 

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investigation and the availability of laboratory results. A 
second, non-related, EVD o utbreak has been reported in the 
DemocraticRepublic of Congo with currently a total of 62 
confirmed and suspected cases. (http://apps.who.int/iris/ 
bitstream/10665/133833/1/roadmapsitrep4_eng.pdf?ua=1; 
Nunes-Alves, 2014) 
Virology
The virus causing the outbreak has been characterized as Zaire 
Ebolavirus 
(EBOV). 
EBOV 
belongs 
to 
the 
genus 
Ebolavirus
which together with the genus 
Marburgvirus
forms 
the family of 
Filoviridae
. This family belongs to the order of 
the 
Mononegavirales
which further contains members of 
Bornaviridae
, 
Paramyxoviridae
and 
Rhabdoviridae
. 
Ebolaviruses
a re l inear, n egativestranded, RNA viruses with 
a genome of approximately 19 kilobases. Morphologically, 
when studied under an electron microscope, the viral particles 
look like long stretched filaments with some particles tending 
to curve into an appearance looking like the number 6. At this 
moment the genus 
Ebolavirus
consists of five species: EBOV, 
Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV), Tai forest ebolavirus (TAFV), 
Bundibugyoebolavirus (BDBV) and Reston ebolavirus 
(RESTV). RESTV is considered to be non-pathogenic to 
humans. (Feldmann and Geisbert, 2011) The 
Filoviridae
family 
in the order Mononegavirales is separated from other 
Mononegavirales 
on 
the 
basis 
of 
morphological, 
physiochemical, and biological features (Feldmann 
et al
., 
2003; Kiley 
et al
., 1982) and more latterly genomic analyses 
(Carroll 
et al
., 2013). Filoviruses are non-segmented, negative-
strand RNA viruses. The viruses are filamentous (Filo- derived 
from the Latin 
filum
or thread) enveloped particles of variable 
length. The filovirus genomes are typically approximately 19 
kb in length (Feldmann 
et al
., 2003; Sanchez 
et al
., 2007). The 
proteins expressed by the filoviruses are: nucleoprotein (NP), 
glycoprotein (GP), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L), and 
four structural proteins: VP24, VP30, VP35, and VP40 
(Sanchez 
et al
., 2007; Feldmann and Kiley, 1999). 
Ebolavirus
is able to express a truncated soluble glycoprotein 
(sGP) through RNA editing. The ribonucleoprotein is derived 
from the RNA genome, NP, VP30, VP35, and L protein, 
though 
Marburgvirus
is reported to be able replicate in the 
absence of VP30. The VP35 protein is known to block 
interferon induction in both Marburg and Ebola viruses 
(Brauburger 
et al
., 2012), and the discovery of the open 
reading frame for this protein integrated into bat genomes is an 
area for future research exploration to better understand host-
virus interactions and immunity (Taylor 
et al
., 2011).