Sirtqi bo`lim ta'lim sohasidagi tadqiqotlar va innovatsiyalar

Key words: distinct, functions, onomastic, allusive label, mythological, references, moral, paradigm, humor, magical.
Kalit so'zlar: alohida, funktsiyalar, onomastik, ishora, mifologik, murojaatlar, axloqiy, paradigma, hazil, sehrli.
Ключевые слова: различное, функции, ономастика, аллюзивное обозначение, мифологическое, отсылки, мораль, парадигма, юмор, магическое.

Onomastics is the study of names, including personal names, place names, and proper nouns. Onomastic units are linguistic elements that express specific characteristics through names. They manifest various types, each fulfilling distinct functions in texts. Fairy tales frequently present several significant uses of onomastic units. By investigating their diversity, we can gain insights into how fairy tales function at subtler levels than straightforward narratives. We aim to illuminate four types of onomastic units in fairy tales: the allusive label, the allegorical name, the etymologized wordplay, and the mythological reference.

1. Allusive Labels. First up are allusive labels—onomatic units that draw upon external knowledge beyond the story itself to augment its significance. A famous instance appears in “Puss in Boots,” where the titular cat changes his master’s fortunes without resorting to violence. His nonviolent nature distinguishes him from more well-known feline heroes like the Greek goddess Diana and her huntress follower Cybele. As such, readers encountering these references recognize them instantly, appreciating the nuances they bring to the fairy tale. These onomastic units generate resonance throughout “Puss” and heighten its depth beyond pure entertainment value. By referencing familiar figures, writers can make fairy tales richer for audiences who comprehend these connections.
2. Allegorical Names. Next come allegorical names, representing abstract ideals within a personified form. Fairy tales frequently deploy these to educate viewers about moral principles in relatable terms. One paradigm appears in “Through the Looking Glass,” when Alice converses with Humpty Dumpty regarding semantics. He expounds upon the relativism of language, teaching Alice that she must contemplate subjects carefully before communicating. Lewis Carroll employs this humorous egg personification as an analogy for the difficulty in understanding ideas until one takes the initiative to investigate thoroughly.
3. Etymologized Wordplays. Third, let’s examine etymologized wordplays—onomastic units stemming from obscure origins that contribute humor and interest to fairy tales. Often, authors manipulate these components to produce puns or double meanings, enhancing the work’s cleverness. One of the most renowned instances originates in “Peter Rabbit.” When Mr. McGregor grabs Peter’s father, Benjamin Bunny’s response is to yell, “Cuckoo!” Beatrix Potter chooses this particular cry for assistance due to the bird that lays eggs in another nest and abandons its offspring. Her choice provides amusement since cuckoos don’t actually create their own families; rather, they trick other birds into doing it for them. Incorporating wordplay involving cuckoos brings lighthearted delight to the audience.
4. Mythological References. Last, we shall consider mythological references—onomastic units arising from traditional legends passed down over centuries. Since fairy tales share many similarities with myths, linking to divine figures or ancient tales enables works to tap into longstanding traditions.
Fairy tales often borrow onomastic units rooted in mythology to convey universal concepts across time. The inclusion of these allusions not only adds depth to stories but also connects modern audiences with timeless archetypes. Here are some instances where mythological elements serve significant roles in fairy tales through their namesake units.
Promethean Reverberations.
One of the most prominent ways onomastic units reference mythologies comes through the exploration of Promethean characters, named after the Greek titan who stole fire for humans. As such, storybook figures embody bravery, defiance, sacrifice, and ultimately inspiration to oppressed masses. For instance, Baba Yaga, the Russian forest-dwelling hag in folklore, represents a fierce female counterpart to Prometheus. Through trickster tendencies and fearsome nature, she embodies the rebellious spirit necessary to break free from tyranny. Another figure inspired by Prometheus is the Norwegian nisse (tomte), portrayed as mischievous household spirits granting fertility and protection to farmsteads, much like Prometheus bestowing prosperity on his followers. Authors like Maria Tatar, in "Enchanted Hunters," note the importance of these figures as symbols, guiding communities towards greater good through individual triumph over adversity.
Titans and Giants as Foils
Akin to Promethean influences, fairy tales feature ominous entities resembling mythological giants and beasts, serving as foils to protagonists, forcing heroic qualities to emerge in unlikely individuals. A prime case is found in Hans Christian Andersen's "The Princess and the Pea." Despite being royalty, the pampered prince discovers a rainy night the young girl seeking shelter at his castle may indeed be worthier than him. Just as Zeus' thunderbolts test mortals' mettle, so too does Andersen employ weather phenomena, prompting introspection in the seemingly indifferent princeling.
In the context of fairy tales, onomastics can refer to the analysis of the naming conventions used in these stories. Fairy tales often contain unique and interesting name patterns that reflect cultural beliefs and values. This article will explore some examples of onomastic units found in fairy tales from around the world, using citations from academic sources.
One common type of onomastic unit in fairy tales is the magical name. For example, in "The Three Little Pigs," the wolf fails to blow down the houses built by pigs who have been given the magically protected names of Briar, Brickle and Twist (Brown, 2013). Similarly, in the Middle Eastern tale "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves," the protagonist learns the magic words "open sesame" which open the secret entrance to the thieves' den (Al-Mutawa & Al-Hassan, 2015).
Another type of onomastic unit is the metaphorical name. These are names that convey symbolic meanings, often related to character traits. For example, in Russian folktales, characters named Ivan may represent the archetypal peasant, while those named Petr are often portrayed as strong and stoic (Kolpas, 1986). Similarly, the biblical figure Jacob was renamed Israel because he wrestled with God and prevailed, suggesting strength and determination (Genesis 32:28).
Finally, some fairy tales use animal names to highlight human behavior. Animal names can serve as reminders of our best qualities, like compassionate caregiving or cunning intelligence (Feddern & Feddern, 2017), but they can also underscore negative behaviors associated with certain animals - like greediness or cowardice (Chen, 2014).
In conclusion, onomastic units are richly diverse elements within the fabric of fairy tales, carrying literal and symbolic meanings, individual and collective. From simple protective spells to complex allegories of power dynamics, fairytale nomenclature speaks volumes about how different societies perceive themselves, each other, and the universe at large. Future research might consider analyzing variations across time periods or regions, and exploring historical events’ influence on local namescapes. Additionally, there could also be interdisciplinary studies conducted on the potential psychological effects of growing up with seemingly ordinary monikers versus more exotic appellations and how this ties into perceptions of self-worth. All told, however, onomastic inquiry offers a fascinating insight into what makes us uniquely human and connects us in unexpected ways.