International Symposium on Turkish-Islamic Culture in Sinop From Past to Present / 5-7 October 2018
98
Prophets and a Prophet Path: Poverty in Mahmud Kefevi’s “Ketâibu Âlâmi’l-Ahyâr”
Absract
One of the aspects that form the base of faith is believing in prophets. Prophets and our Prophet
(pbuh) is important in Sufism like in every Islamic art. Knowing prophets characteristics and take
them as example creates sufi’s life style. In Mahmud Kefevi’s book who is a savant from Sinop,
he tells about prophets, our prophet (pbuh) who is the last messenger, the companion, the tabiun
and müctehid imams. After these where he writes about Sufis and Islamic hanefi canonist in 22
books, the prophets and our prophet (pbuh) appear with their outstanding characteristics. Other
than prophet’s general properties, a characteristic of the last messenger Mohammed (pbuh) was
told by Kefevi who quotes from Abdulkadir Geylani: “Poverty, is one of my grandfather Prophet’s
(pbuh) titles.” That’s why in sufi culture poverty was praised and poorness was seen more ac-
ceptable for sofi community. Poverty, in the meaning of poorness states the meaning of “need” in
Arabic. Koran emphasizes that people are poor, in need of God and God is not in need but wealthy.
God who is the lord is rich and the human being is poor. In another meaning in the mentioned
book one who is in poverty is the one whose friend is only God. Furthermore in our culture it is
put forward that real wealth is the one in our heart and that also brings light to another dimension
of poorness: spiritual poorness. In his sentence which Kefevi also wrote in his book Geylani
makes this warning about his manner to a poor person: “If you encounter or meet a poor person
communicate with gentleness and not with knowledge. Knowledge will make one alienate. How-
ever gentleness will make one approach. In this work while we give place to prophets’ and espe-
cially our prophet’s characteristics, we will also discuss “poverty” as a separate characteristic.
Keywords: Prophet, Poverty, Sufism.
Uluslararası Geçmişten Günümüze Sinop’ta Türk-İslam Kültürü Sempozyumu / 5-7 Ekim 2018
99
MAHMÛD B. HASAN SİNOBİ’NİN
ZÜBDETÜ’L-İ‘LÂL ADLI ESERİNİN ARAP DİLİ AÇISINDAN TAHLİLİ
Doğan FIRINCI
*
Öz
Çalışmamızda, Osmanlı dönemi müderrislerden Mahmûd b. Hasan Sînôbî’nin (ö. 1105/1693-
1694) medrese eğitimi alan öğrenciler için bir ihtiyaç görerek sarf yapılarını ele aldığı Zübdetü’l-
İ‘lâl adlı telif eser incelenmiş ve müellifin eserde sarf bilgisi öğretiminde asıl kaynak olarak kul-
lanılan emsile-i muhtelife diye sıralanan 24 siyganın sıra düzenine kalıp-anlam ilişkisi bağla-
mında sunduğu katkı değerlendirilmiştir. Sînôbî’nin Arap dili öğretimine sağladığı katkının tespit
edebilmesi için çalışmada öncelikli olarak müellifin yaşadığı dönemde Sinop ölçeğinde eğitim
veren kurumlarla birlikte Zübdetü’l-İ‘lâl adlı eserin içeriğine ait veriler ortaya konulmuş ve bun-
ların analizleri yapılıp bir senteze varılmıştır. Takip edilen bu araştırma metodu neticesinde 17.
yy.’da Sinop ölçeğinde Osmanlı medreselerinde Arap dili sarf bilgisi eğitiminde kullanılan em-
sile-i muhtelifenin öğretim teknik ve yöntemleriyle ilgili malumat elde edilmiş, Sînôbî’nin em-
sile-i muhtelife (morfoloji) felsefesine dair yeni ve farklı yaklaşımları tespit ve tayin edilmiştir.
Bu kadim mirasımızdan faydalanarak ortaya koyulan bu çalışmanın günümüzde Arap dilinin an-
lam ve öğretimine katkı sağlayacağı ümit edilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Mahmûd b. Hasan Sînôbî, Zübdetü’l-İ‘lâl, Morfoloji, Emsile, Dil felsefesi.
*
Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Sinop Üniversitesi, dfirinci@sinop.edu.tr
International Symposium on Turkish-Islamic Culture in Sinop From Past to Present / 5-7 October 2018
100
Analysis of the Work of Mahmûd b. Hasan Sînôbî
with the Title Zübdetü’l-İ‘lâl in Terms of the Arabic Language
Abstract
In the present study of ours, the book of Mahmûd b. Hasan Sînôbî (d. 1105/1693-1694), who was
one of the Mudarrises of the Ottoman Period, written to cover the needs of the students who
received Madrasa education in grammar structures with the title Zübdetü’l-I‘lâl was analyzed;
and the contribution of the writer of this book to the 24 Conjugations, which are ranked as Emsile-
i Muhtelife in grammar teaching in the Arabic language was evaluated in terms of structure-mean-
ing relation. For the purpose of being able to determine the contribution of Sînôbî to the Arabic
language teaching, firstly, the institutions giving education in Sinop in the period when the author
lived and the data on the contents of Zübdetü’l-İ‘lâl were given and analyzed; and a synthesis was
made in this context. As a result of this study method, data were obtained about the teaching
techniques and methods of the Emsile-i Muhtelife, which was used in Arabic Language grammar
education in the Ottoman madrasas in the 17
th
Century Sinop; and novel and different approaches
on Emsile-i Muhtelife (i.e. the Morphology) philosophy of Sînôbî were determined. We hope that
this study, which was conducted by benefiting from our heritage, will contribute to the meaning
and teaching of the Arabic Language morphology in our present day.
Keywords:
Mahmûd
b.
Hasan
Sînôbî,
Zübdetü’l-I‘lâl,
Morphology,
Emsile,
Language
philosophy.
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