14
Or they can be used in the following way (also including an inversion).
Jennifer buys only organic fruit and vegetables, and so does Hugh.
They don't mind the higher prices, and neither do we. (Or:
...nor do we.)
Inversions after negative adverbials: There are some words and phrases that function as
adverbials that sometimes need an inversion. Look at these two sentences.
Bob rarely speaks to himself. Rarely does Bob speak to himself.
The adverb here is "rarely". If it comes after the subject, there is no inversion (as in the first
sentence), but if it comes before the subject, we need an inversion. The word order is inverted and
in the case of the sentence about Bob we use the auxiliary verb "does" in the same way we do in
questions (although this isn't a question). The sentence with the inversion sounds more formal or
more literary, and sentences like this are less common in ordinary conversation. Here are some
examples with other phrases used in the same way.
Seldom does Bob get invited to parties. (seldom = rarely)
Never have we seen such a breathtaking view.
At no time did the prisoner look as if he might confess.
Not only is she a great dancer but she is also an amazing mathematician.
Not until she took up rock climbing did she overcome her fear of heights.
Under no circumstances will prisoners be allowed to give interviews to the media.
Little did she realize that her grandmother was really a wolf.
This is used to describe rules for which there are no exceptions. The alternative without the
inversion is:
Prisoners will not be allowed to give interviews to the media under any circumstances.
It means that the girl didn't realize at all that her grandmother was really a wolf.
Inversion isn’t possible if the adverbial doesn't come before the subject. Compare the
following sentences with the corresponding sentences above.
She is not only a great dancer but she is also an amazing mathematician.
It was not until Effie left Brooklyn that she realized how attached she had become to the place.
The following three are used to describe an event that happened immediately after another.
Hardly had he stepped outside when it started to rain.
Scarcely had he stepped outside when it started to rain.
No sooner had he stepped outside than it started to rain.
Note that the past perfect tense is used to describe the event that happened first.
The following sentences with "only" include inversions. Note that it is not always the first
verb that is inverted.
Only after he arrived at the airport did he look for his passport.
Only if you look through this dark glass will you be able to see the spots on the sun.
We accepted the invitation. Only later did we suspect it might be a trap.
Only by threatening extreme physical violence was the teacher able to control the class.
Note that there is no inversion when "only" is used in the following way.
Only Fiona knew the answer to the question.
Conditionals with inversions:
In conditional (hypothetical) sentences we can sometimes drop "if" and use an inversion.
Should you see Nigel, give him my regards.
Were I in your shoes, I would make a formal complaint.
Had I known it was her birthday; I would have bought her a gift.
Note that "should", "were" and "had" are the only verbs that can be inverted in this way. (And
"were" is also used with he, she and it) [4, 68-72].
Inversion in translation:
Ali asks the teacher. Əli müəllimdən soruşur.
Karimova D.A.
15
The teacher asks Ali. Müəllim Əlidən soruşur.
I shall bring my note-book with me. Mən noutbukumu özümlə gətirəcəyəm.
My note-book I shall bring with me. Mən özümlə noutbukumu gətirəcəyəm.
The lost hopes puç olmuş ümidlər
The hopes lost ümidlər puç olmuş [5.9].
Council in map error "farce" over city schools shake-up.
Şəhər məktəbləri silkələməsi onların tikilərkən xəritəsinin səhv olduğu haqda məzhəkəsində"
şura. Yəni məktəbin çertyoju bünövrədən səhv olub və valideyinlərin qorxusuna səbəb olub.
Arrests after cannabis seized həbslər, həşiş tutandan sonra
End of road for junction upgrade qovşaq təkmilləşdirmə üçün yolun sonu
No charges over hoax royal call yalan zəng üzərindən heç bir ittihamlar
Top 10 most romantic Valentine
,
s destinations Müqqədəs Valentin gününü tərənnüm edən
top 10-luqlar və s. [6.64]
REFERENCES
1.
David Crystal. The structure of English language. London, 2002, 347p.
2.
Internet resourse:
www.usefulenglish.ru
(Grammaring A guide to English grammar);
www.grammaring.com
;
www.davidcrystal.com
3.
Greenbaum S. and Quirk R. A student's grammar of the English language. Harlow, Essex,
England: Longman, 1990.504p.
4.
Veysalli F.Y. The basic of structural linguistic, Studio Filology, Bakı: Mürtərcim, 2008, 304s.
5.
Hajıyeva M. Azerbaijan teacher. 2012.- 30 march.- S.9.
6. “THE PRESS AND JOURNAL” – Aberdeen local news since 1747, Saturday, February 2, 2013
(70p)
www.pressandjournal.co.uk
XÜLASƏ
İNGİLİS DİLİNDƏ İNVERSİYA
Kərimova D.A
Açar sözlər: söz sırası, söz sırasının pozulması, dilçilik, dil, mətn, mövzu, quruluş
Ünsiyyət yaratmaq üçün insanlar müxtəlif məqsədli fikirlər ifadə etməli olur, bu və ya digər həyat
faktı haqqında məlumat verir, onun haqqında soruşur, yaxud da onu əhatə edən aləmdən aldıqları təsirə
cavab olaraq öz hiss-həyəcanlarını bildirirlər. Bütün bunlar ünsiyyət zamanı cümlələr vasitəsilə ifadə edilir.
РЕЗЮМЕ
ИНВЕРСИЯ НА АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫКЕ
Каримова Д.А
Ключевые слова: порядок слов, нарушение порядка слов, языковедение, язык, текст, тема,
структура
Для общения люди выражают свои мысли, информируют о тех или иных жизненных фактах,
задают вопросы или показывают эмоциональное отношение к тому или иному событию. Все это во
время общения между людьми выражается при помощи конкретных предложений.
Daxilolma tarixi:
İlkin variant
19.06.2017
Son variant
27.09.2017
Inversion in the English language