Zaporozhyan state medical university departement of infectious diseases
Yüklə 0,51 Mb. Pdf görüntüsü
|
- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Etiology
- Clinical manifestations
- Complications
- Clinic ↓ ↓
- Treatment
- Clinical manifestation Acute phase Subacute phase Chronic phase
54 Etiology Hymenolepis nana Epidemiology Peroral contagenous helminthiasis. The human is the main sourse of the invasion.
The human is the definitive and intermediate host The ancillary hosts are rats
The mechanism of transmission is fecal-oral The factors of the transmission are vegetables, fruits, flies, cockroach
eggs → stomach → penetration into the mucous membranes of the upper sections of the small intestine → larvae (cyctecercoided) → eggs → environment Mechanic lesion
layers of the intestine wall
dystrophy, necrosis of the epithelium The part stays in the intestine (autoinvasion)
cause
intoxication and allergization
damage of the fermentative system
dysbacteriosis
disorder of the functions of the liver Clinical manifestations The damage of the gastrointestinal tract
nausea
vomiting
decreased appetite
salivation
abdominal pain
diarrhea
moderate hepatomegaly
The damage of the nervous system
weakness
fatique
headache
dizziness
irritation
seizures
epileptic attacks Sensibilization
urticaric rash
vasomotoric rhinitis
asthmatic bronchitis
Quinke’s edema
Diagnostics
moderate eosinophilia
identification of the double membrane eggs in the stool Treatment
praziquantel niclosamide paramomycin
OPISTHORCHIASIS 55 Etiology Opisthorchis felineus Epidemiology The natural-focal zoonosis. Biohelmintiasis
The definitive hosts are human and animals (cats, dogs, pigs) The intermediate hosts are fresh water mollusk from the family Bithynia; fishes from the family
The factors of the transmission is fish with larvae (metacercariae)
Metacercariae → bile ducts → gall bladder → intrahepatic bile ducts and ducts of the pancreas
Early acute phase Toxic action of the products of the destruction of larvae → toxicoallergic reactions → lesion of the walls of bile ducts and ducts of pancreas Late chronic phase
allergic action of helminths
toxic action
mechanic action Clinic ↓ ↓
diarrhea
allergic rash
pain in the right hypogastrium endemic regions;
asymptomatic course in the inhabitans of the endemic regions
gall bladder
dyspeptic manifestations
hepatomegaly
ictercic sclerae
cholangitis
rupture of parazitive cyst
peritonitis
primary cancer of the liver Diagnostics
eosinophilia
leukocytosis
ovoscopy
biochemical methods
USD, cholecystography
Serological methods in chronic stage Treatment
Praziquantel
Pathogenetic therapy Prophylaxis
The guarding of the water reservoirs
Sanitary control of the processing of the fish products FASCIOLOPSIASIS 56 Etiology Fasciola hepatica Epidemiology Zoonosis with natural foci. Peroral biochelminthiasis.
The sourse of infection and definitive hosts are human, cattle, sheep, hourses, rodents.
The intermediate host is snail mollusks The factors of the transmission are water flowers, vegetables Pathogenesis Penetration of larvae of F. Hepatica into intestine → liver and bile ducts, pancreas, brain, eyes
Acute migratory phase - toxicoallergic action of the helminth’s products - there are eosinophilic infiltration and necroses of the hepatocytes in the liver Late (chronic) phase
products → mechanic action
General toxic and allergic manifestations
increase of the temperature
skin rash
arthralgia
hepatomegaly, jaundice
pain in the right hypogastrium area
diarrhea
loss of weight
disorders of the activity of the gastrointestinal tract
admixter of the secondary flora Complications
anemia
cachexia
purulent meningitis
flegmone of the gall bladder
abscess of the liver
mechanic jaundice
acute pancreatitis
fibrosis of the liver
myocarditis Diagnostics
eosinophilia anemia leukocytosis biochemical methods
dysproteinemia specific diagnostics
serological methods (reaction complement fixation)
finding of the helminth’s eggs in the feci Treatment
chloxylum praziquantel antibiotics (in complications) Prophylaxis: don’t use into the food water plants in the foci of fasciolopsiasis; boiling of the water; garding of water reservoirs from the pollution; sanation of the infected animals Yüklə 0,51 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
|