Zaza anCabaZe evropuli saqarTvelo
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87 saministroebSi samuSaod, rogorc ufrosebad, ufrosis moadgileebad an mrCevlebad. 1714 wels karlos XII dabrunda TurqeTidan SvedeTSi da mowadinebuli iyo, gaegrZelebina ruseTTan omi, magram 1718 wels mas TavSi esrola Tavisive meomarma, SvedeTnorvegiis omis dros. ase rom, 1721 wels niStadtis mSvidobis zavis Nyshtad Peace Semdeg, rodesac fineTi daubrunda SvedeTs, petre didi rogorc iqna Semobrunda samxreTaRmosavleTisken. am mimarTulebiT ruseTma ori saukuniT adre wamoiwyo TamaSi 1552 wels yazanis da 1557 wels astraxanis SemoerTebis Semdgom. 1587 wels ruseTma mWidro urTierToba daamyara yabardosa da daRestanTan da Tergamde miaRwia. mosalodneli safrTxis gaTvaliswinebiT, osmaleb ma da yirimelebma Zlieri reagireba moaxdines sastiki ieriSis mita niT yabardoze, romelic ruseTis axlo mokavSire iyo, da gadmoibires daRestani, rogorc TurqeTis mxardamWeri qveyana. 1604 wels boris godunovma wamoiwyo Seteva daRestanis gavliT, raTa gaerTianebuliyo iranTan, TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, rac samxedro katastrofiT dasrulda da ruseTma droebiT evropisken icvala gezi. axla petre informirebuli iyo gagarinis mier Sua aziis xivis daujerebeli simdidris Sesaxeb, TiTqos oqro Tavisuflad moipoveba aralis zRvaSi Camdinare mdinaris oqros qviSebidan. petre Is ukiduresad esaWiroeboda oqro. 1716 wels 7000 kaciani armia gaigzavna Cerqezi ufliswulis bekoviCis Cherkess Prince Bekovich (Giray) meTaurobiT centralur aziaSi, TurqmeneTSi, samomavlo gegmiT, rom daemyarebina pirdapiri savaWro kavSiri indoeTTan, mugalis imperiasTan. ufliswuli aleqsandre bekoviCCerkaski, warmoSobiT Cerqeziyabardoeli, iyo rusebis oficeri, romelic dabadebidan muslimi iyo, mere moeqca qristianobaze da daiwyo ruseTSi samsaxuri. 1707 wels petre Ima daavala navigaciis ganxriT ganaTleba mieRo evropaSi. axla rusebis jarma win waiwia xivaSi da adgilobrivi xanis 24 000 jari ver uwevda winaaRmdegobas. magram mogvianebiT xanma Tavi moaCvena, TiTqos neba darTo rusebs Semosvlaze da daarwmuna isini, gayofiliyvnen 5 damoukidebel razmad, raTa sxvadasxva qalaqSi dabinavebuliyvnen. xivelebma ieriSi miitanes xuTive qalaqze miyolebiT, amoxoces rusebis umetesoba, sxvebi monebad gayides da sikvdiliT dasajes yvela rusi oficeri, ufliswul Cerkaskis CaTvliT. petre didma veraferi gaakeTa SurisZiebisTvis, vinaidan Cabmuli iyo CrdiloeTis omSi. mxolod erTi saukunis Semdeg ganaaxles rusebma samxedro eqspedicia centralur aziaSi. 6 wlis Semdeg, 1722 wels petrem, bolos da bolos, daiwyo kampania kavkasiaSi im mizniT, rom `daecva sparseTis Sahi avRanelebisgan~.
88 petre meuRlesTan erTad xelmZRvanelobda kavkasiisken mimarTul 22 000iani qveiTi jaris eqspedicias, veteranebs, romlebic mTeli im xnis manZilze ibrZodnen SvedeTis omSi, 9000 draguns, 7000 kazaks, yal muxebs da TaTrebs. maxaCkalas ewoda petrovski, am kampaniis aRsaniSna vad. astraxanidan misma jarma kaspiis flotiT derbentSi gadainacvla. mxedrebis nawili gamoeyo, raTa daepyroT enderis Enderee sofeli, magram CeCnebma isini ukuagdnen. es iyo pirveli SemTxveva, rodesac ruseTis SeiaraRebul Zalebma am tomTan iqonia urTierToba. petrem gadawyvita gaegrZelebia winsvla da agvistoSi misi jari Sevida derbentSi, romlis xanis Zalaufleba TariRdeba daRestanSi arabebis batonobidan, me8 saukunedan, anu aTas wels aRemateboda. mefis derben tSi Sesvlis dros mcire miwisZvra moxda da petrem daiyvira `kedlebic ki unda caxcaxebdnen Cemi Zalis winaSe!~ magram kaspiis zRvis Stormis Sedegad, romelmac rusuli floti gaanadgura, Sewyda momarageba da jari gaecala iqaurobas. 13 dekembers petres jari triumfiT Sevida moskovSi. kavkasiaSi petrem naxa kavkasiis didi kedeli. iseTi rogoricaa kaledoniis kedeli britaneTSi da CineTis kedeli, romelic aRmarTuli iyo kaspiis zRvidan Sav zRvamde, im mizniT, rom daecva civilizebuli samxreTis mosaxleoba CrdiloeTis veluri xalxisgan. samwuxarod, amJamad es kedeli TiTqmis dangreulia da mxolod cotam Tu icis misi arsebobis Sesaxeb. aleqsandre diumam moinaxula es adgili kavkasiaSi vizitis dros, sanam bolomde ganadgurdeboda, da moxibluli iyo aseul kilometriani kedliT, romelic aaSenes adgilobrivebma, aqamenideli sparselebis (an aleqsandre didi makedonelis) meTaurobiT, ori aTasi wlis win. magram ukan daxevamde, petrem noemberSi gagzavna polkoniki Sepofi Colonel Shepoff eqspediciasTan erTad kaspiisken da aliansis xelSekruleba qarTvelebis mimarT kargad ganwyobili axalgazrda Sah TasmasfTan Shah Tahmasp erTad xelmoweril iqna, raTa daecvaT avRaneli dampyroblebisgan da gaeZlierebinaT igi taxtis SesanarCuneblad. mom devno 1723 wels generalma maTiuSkinma aiRo baqo, Sirvanis sparseTis provinciebi, gilani, mazandrani da astrabedi. magram nadir Sahis gadatrialebis wyalobiT sparseTi kvlav mtrad iqca. aTi wlis Semdeg, 1732 wels imperatrisa anam moulodnelad daubruna sparseTs yvela dapyrobili teritoria mtkvridan samxreTiT, baqos CaTvliT, derben tic da daRestanic ki, reStisa da ganjis xelSekrulebis mixedviT Resht and Ganja treaty 1735 wels. aman SesaZlebloba misca nadirs ieriSi mietana indoeTsa da kandaharze 1738 wels. 89 ruseTis Seteva samxreTisken vaxtang VI iyo bagrationTa qristiani warmomadgeneli 170324 wlebSi, rodesac gamahmadianebuli mmarTvelebi (misi biZa giorgi XIgurgen xani George XIGurgin Khan da misi Zma qaixosro Kaikhosrow) iranis samsaxurSi iyvnen an iranSi, an avRaneTSi. am wlebis ganmavlobaSi man farTo reformebi gaatara, gamoacocxla ekonomika da kultura. iezuiti orientalisti, mama Tadeoz krusinski Father Tadeusz Krusinski, moRvaweobda rogorc samefo mdivani, romelic exmareboda vaxtang VIs. magram 1711 wels Sahma daiJina, rom vaxtangs unda mieRo islami, raTa daemtkicebinaT qarTlis mefed. man uari Tqva amaze, amitom daapatimres da misma islamis mimdevarma Zmam daikava misi adgili. 6 wliani tyveobis manZilze vaxtangma daxmareba iTxova qristiani evropeli monarqebisgan. man gagzavna Tavisi biZa da maswavlebeli, sulxan saba orbeliani, lui XIVTan safrangeTSi. mogvianebiT, pap inokent XIII da Carlz VITvis miwerili werilebi TariRdeba 1722 wlis 29 noembriT, vaxtangma gamoaaSkarava, rom igi farulad kaTolike iyo, magram saxalxod aRiareba ar SeeZlo. misi mcdeloba fuWi aRmoCnda, amitom vaxtangi iZulebuli gaxda, mieRo islami 1716 wels. is cota xans msaxurobda rogorc sparseTis armiis meTauri da azerbaijanis gamgebeli. igi mTeli CrdiloeT iranis armiis sardali gaxda. mas mxars uWerda somxeTi im imediT, rom SeZlebda somxeTis saxelmwifos aRdgenas. 1721 wels sefianTa sparseTi srul qaosSi aRmoCnda, dedaqalaqi ispahani Esfahān (Isfahan) alyaSi iyo moqceuli da ibrZoda avRanelebTan, romlebmac mokles vaxtangis biZa giorgi XI da misi Zma qaixosro. magram qarTlis mefem uari Tqva daexsna ispahani 7Tviani avRanelebis alyidan. miuxedavad amisa, Sahs arCevani aRar hqonda da axla bakurs, vaxtangis vaJs daavala iranis dedaqalaqis dacva da rac ar unda gasakviri iyos, emudareboda daxmarebas. Sahma icoda, rom mxolod ambavi, rom qarTvelebi sparseTisken daiZrnen, sakmarisi iyo avRanelebis ukan daxevisTvis, radgan maT axsovdaT da pativs scemdnen giorgi XIsa da qaixosros, amitom alyaSi moaqcies ispahani im pirobiT, rom qarTvelebi am konfliqtSi ar Caereodnen. vaxtang VIsa da bakuris mxridan damxmare jaris gagzavnaze uaris TqmiT, dedaqalaqi ispahani dakarguli iyo Yüklə 4,48 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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