Zaza anCabaZe evropuli saqarTvelo
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96 erekle II bagrationi kaxeTis mefe iyo 1744 wlidan 1762 wlamde da mamis, Teimuraz IIis sikvdilis Semdeg, qarTlis da kaxeTis mefe 1762 wlidan 1798 wlamde, ramac sami saukunis Semdeg gaaerTiana saqarTvelo politikurad. man kargad icoda, rom sami ZiriTadi Zala irani, TurqeTi da ruseTi ibrZoda amierkavkasiaSi upiratesobis mosapoveblad. saqarTvelo iZulebuli iyo, arCevani gaekeTebina am sami saxel mwifodan. da arCeul iqna ruseTi. ruseTi iyo saqarTvelos kari evropisken. adreul wlebSi erekle iranis deda qalqSi nadir Sahis karze izrdeboda, sadac miiRo ganaTleba da yovelTvis ic mev
da sparsul stilSi. 1737 wels 80 000 iranelma aiRo kandaRari. erekle batoniSvili da givi amilaxvari xelmZRvanelobdnen 8000ian qarTul kavalerias. amis Semdeg nadirma ganagrZo Tavisi kampania da waiyvana erekle Tavis 1000 kacian kavaleriasTan erTad indoeTisken laSqrobaSi 173740 wwSi (Brosset, pp. 2067). gzaze sindeSi nadiri mivida svetTan, sadac iyo warwera, rac iuwyeboda, rom sikvdili eloda, vinc am svetis miRma gaivlida. erekle im dros 19 wlis iyo da martivad moagvara problema, brZana sveti gadaetanaT spilos zurgze, romelic jaris win iyo. erekle Zalzed mdidrulad daajildoves. didi mogolis imperia ganadgurda da deli da lahori gaZarcvul iqna. delis armias hyavda asobiT spilo, magram nadirma maT winaaRmdeg cecxlwakidebuli aqlemebi gamoiyena. spiloebi SeSinebulebi gaiqcnen da gadaTeles TavianTi armia. legendis mixedviT, pirveli, vinc deliSi SeiWra iyo 19 wlis qarTveli gogia qamxaZe. Tavidan nadir Sahi ar iyo mkacri delis mosaxleobis mimarT da miznad daisaxa princesa colad SeerTo mis vaJs, raTa misi dinastia legitimurad aRiarebuli gamxdariyo. magram qorwinebaze swored am mizezis gamo eTqva uari, radgan is ar warmoadgenda samefo dinastiis ojaxs. Sahi ise ganrisxda, rom Tavis jariskacebs ubrZana gaeZarcvaT da daerbiaT qalaqi. gaZarcvuli qalaqis simdidre 13 000 tomriT gaitanes, koxinoris briliantisa 1 da mogolebis taxtis CaTvliT. daaxloebiT erTi weli 1 es almasi erTi saukunis Semdeg xelSi Caigdo avRan Sahma, rodesac is dabrunda penjabis maharajaSi, lahorSi (axla is dedofal elisabedis gvirgvins amSvenebs). erekle II
97 dasWirda, raTa gadaezidaT yvelaferi iranSi. iranis mosaxleoba sami wlis ganmavlobaSi gaTavisuflebuli iyo gadasaxadebisgan. indoeTis kampaniis Semdeg nadiri moubrunda Turqestans da daipyro buxara. erekle xani dajildovebul iqna indoeTSi warmatebuli brZo lisTvis (Sahisgan mdidruli saCuqrebi miiRo). ereklem miiRo samxedro mmarTvelis tituli da miCneul iqna, rogorc nadir Sahis moswavle sabrZolo xelovnebaSi. uZvelesi imperiuli tradiciebis Sesabamisad, nadir Sahi ecada daearsebina zesaxelmwifo mravali religiiT. man brZana wminda bibliisa da Talmudis Targmna. Tumca religiuri Siitis movaleoba aiZulebda, rom Tavs dasxmoda TurqeTs da gaeTavisuflebina baRdadi da kerbela, man brZana pativi ecaT sunitebisTvis. nadirze amboben, rom igi indiferentuli iyo religiebis mimarT da frangi iezuiti, romelic misi personaluri eqimi iyo, ambobda, rom Zalzed Zneli iyo garkveva, Tu romel religias misdevda, xolo sxvebi ambobdnen, rom igi saerTod ar iyo religiuri. 1741 wels nadiri gaemarTa daRestanSi 100 000 kacian armiasTan erTad, raTa Suri eZia misi Zmis sikvdilze da daedanaSaulebina ruseTTan da TurqeTTan kavSiris gamo. derbenti man uproblemod aiRo, magram momdevno partizanuli omis dros tyeebSi, didi danakargis gamo ukmayofilo dabrunda. sicocxlis bolo wlebSi nadir Sahi Wkuidan SeiSala da brZana Tvalebi daeTxaraT misi ufrosi vaJisTvis, ivane mrisxanes msgavsad, da mogvianebiT man daabrmava mTeli misi samefo karis msaxurni, radgan maT xeli ar SeuSales sakuTari vaJis dabrmavebaSi. misi uaxloesi msaxurebi SeSinebulni iyvnen, radgan ganizraxa maTi sikvdiliT dasja da amitom SeTqmuleba moawyves Sahis winaaRmdeg. 1747 wels igi moklul iqna xanjliT dacvis ufrosis mier. nadir Sahis imperia ganukiTxaobam moicva. Teimurazi iranSi gaemgzavra, saidanac efeqtianad akontrolebda situacias. adel Sahi, nadiris STamomavali, iyo swored is, vinc dagegma SeTqmuleba da romelsac colad hyavda Teimuraz IIis qaliSvili. am ukanasknels megobruli urTierToba hqonda metoqeebTan da gavlenis moxdenac ki SeeZlo iranis gare da Sida politikaze, maT Soris qarTlkaxeTis sasikeTod. somxeTis erevnis, azerbaijanis qiziyisa da ganjis saxanoebi qarTlkaxeTis mfarvelobis qveS iyvnen. erekle IIsa da mamamiss iranis yvela mowinaaRmdegesTan megobruli urTierToba hqondaT da Zalzed gavleniannic iyvnen. verc erTi iraneli Sahi ver dakanondeboda maTi mxardaWeris gareSe. erTxel, nadir Sahis sikvdilis Semdeg, anarqiis dros, erTerTi im Sahebidan, romlebic mxolod cota xniT ikavebdnen taxts, gaZarcvul
98 iyo misi piradi mcvelebis mier. maT waiRes Sahis piradi xmali, skiptra, gvirgvini, samefos yvela simbolo da gadavidnen Turqmen tomTan erTad sasomxeTSi. erekle II daxvda maT somxeTSi, amoJlita yvela maTgani da Zvirfaseuloba triumfiT dabrunda sparseTSi. 174860 wwSi Teimurazma daayena axali Sahi Sahrux afSari Shahrukh Afshar, romelic regularulad ugzavnida mas saCuqrebs. Teimurazi da misi vaJi erekle daniSna mTeli iranis armiis mTavarsardlad, rac tragikulad dasrulda, roca Sahi taxtidan Camoagdes da daabrmaves xalxis sayovelTao ukmayofilebis gamo. es ZiriTadad gamowveuli iyo misi qarTveli favoritis rasul begis Rasul Beg Tavgasuli qceviT misi siuzerenis haramxanaSi. 1760 wels Teimurazma gagzavna 4 000 qarTveli mxedari azad xanis Azad Khan mxardasaWerad (warmoSobiT avRaneli 1 ). erekles megobari iyo, romelTan erTadac ibrZoda deliSi nadir Sahis meTaurobiT, iranis samefo gvirgvinis mosapoveblad. azad xans colad hyavda qarTveli meuRle, Teimurazis SviliSvili. rodesac igi daamarcxa qerim xan yajarma Karim Khan Kajar, Teimurazs mouwia saqarTveloSi dabruneba 1761 wels. Teimurazs qerim xanma mosTxova, rom azad yaeni daebrunebina iranSi, magram qarTuli tradiciebis gamo, man uari Tqva amis gakeTebaze. 1762 wels azadi dabrunda iranSi rogorc sapatio pensioneri. 1752 wlis 2 Tebervals rusul gazeTSi `sanqtpeterburg novosti~ Si daiwera Semdegi ram: `sparseTi danawevrebulia 16 provinciad, romelTac calcalke hyavT mmarTvelad Sahebi. qarTveli princi erekle yvelaze warmatebulia, romelsac hyavs Tavisi armia ispahanis maxloblad da mosalodnelia, rom is gaxdes mTeli iranis Sahin Sahi~. 22 marts rusuli `vedomosti~ werda, rom `princ erekles miRwevebiT SeSinebuli daud Sahi gaiqca da Tan waiRo wminda oqrosgan damzadebuli gvirgvini~. nepliuevma Neplyuev, ruseTis elCma TurqeTSi, aRiara erekle rogorc `sruluflebiani mmarTveli~. iranSi erekles gamarjvebebi ruseTis SeSfoTebas iwvevda, vinaidan ruseTs kavkasiaze da saqarTveloze sakuTari gegmebi hqonda da ar iyvnen darwmunebuli, rogor moiqceoda erekle, Tu Tavis poziciebs gaimagrebda regionSi, miT umetes, Tu Sahad gamocxaddeboda. amitom diplomatiuri gziT yovelnairad xels uSlidnen qarTvelebis winsvlas. 1 miuxedavad im tragikuli ambebisa, rom avRaneTSi mokles qarTveli gurgen xani Gurgin Khan, qarTvel avRanelebis saerTo interesi iyo iranis centraluri Zalis winaaRmdeg brZola, risi Sedegic gaxldaT qarTvelebis mier avRaneTis damoukideblobis mxardaWera da me18 saukunidan Camoyalibebuli urTierTpativiscema. Yüklə 4,48 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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