Dear Reader: This is a crude draft as of August 15, 2018. The three asterisks or the bold

 ***Postan; land evidence.

32^ Cite John Hughes.

33 ***For example, Postan DDD,; Raftis DDDD; McCloskey 1976.

34 Berman 2003, p. 379).

35 Herlihy 1971, p. 155.

36 McCormick 2002, p. 681.

37 ***McCloskey cites on OF

38 ***Grimms, “The Three Apprentices”

39 Grimms, “The Good Bargain”

40 Cites

41 Macfarlane 1979, p. 54.

42 ***As for example do Hejeebu and McCloskey 2000; 2003 check dates

43 ***Blyth DDDD

44 Berman 2006, p. 2.

45 Berman 2006, p. 3.

46 Berman 2006, p. 10

47 Berman 2006, p. 9.

48 McDougall 2004, p. 22, 18, 516n1.

49 Appleby 2010, p. 26.

50 Appleby 2010, p. 13, and for the 300 pamphlets p. 109. Her “long ago” book is Appleby 1978.

51 Appleby 2010, p. 5.

52 My approach to the subject follows the estimable Jill Lapore (2007), who tells the story of Seller’s book being rejected by C. Vann Woodward for the Oxford series—in which Howe’s book finally appeared.

53 Rothenberg 1981 (1995), p. 75.

54 *** and rest of these dated only Polanyi, Great Transformation, p. 62.

55 Polanyi 1977, p. 39.

56 Mauss 1923.

57 Polanyi, The Livelihood of Man 1977, p. 40.

58 Polanyi, The Great Transformation, pp. 54-55.

59 *** correct authors: Trade and Markets in Early Empires, 1957 and The Livelihood of Man, 1977.

60 Diamond 1997, pp. 280, 287.

61 For a contrary, pro-Polanyi view see Renger 2003.

62 McCormick 2001, pp.

63 Adams 1966, p. 81.

64 Snell 1997, p. 149.

65 Gelb 1969; Veenhof 1972.

66 J. N. Postgate 1992, p. NN

67 Dahl 2003, p. 14n25.

68 *** Cite from autobiography of Drucker. K. McRobbie in Karl Polanyi in Vienna disputes Drucker’s claim (I thank Gareth Dale for setting me straight on this).

69 Baechler 1971(1975), p. 37.

70 ***Klamer 2006; Klamer and Zuidhof 1998; cf. Van Staveren DDDD.

71 Klamer 2006, p. 13.

72 Issenberg 2007.

73 Fiske 1991 [1993], pp. 47, 45. I am indebted to my friend Rick Wicks of the University of Gothenburg for putting me onto Fiske’s amazing work.

74 Fiske 1991 [1993], pp. 48-49.

75 ***cite

76 Mann 1901, p. 210.

77 Hourani 1991 2005, p. 96.

78 Cite Drescher

79 It is often remarked, correctly, that Marx himself does not use Kapitalismus in Das Kapital. But he does use kapitalische(n) freely, so let’s not quibble.

80 You may find more such impressive learning about the word “bourgeois” in The Bourgeois Virtues, pp. 68-69. “Bourgeois,” by the way, is the adjective, pronounced “bour-zwaw.” Even well educated people sometimes get confused about this, and use the noun, meaning “the middle class,” la bourgeoisie, pronounced “bour-zwah-zee,” as an adjective. We’re dealing here, as Hudie Ledbetter memorably put it, with “bourgeois towns,” not *”bourgeoisie towns.”

81 Kay and others, eds. 2009, I, p. 1251.

82 Gramsci in Forgacs, ed., p. 301.

83^ Huizinga, Johan H. 1935. “The Spirit of the Netherlands.” p. 112

84 Pocock 1981, pp. 356, 361, 364. ***Note the book by a woman historian saying their courts survived the Revol.

85 See Grafe DATES

86 Braudel, III, pp. 620-621.

87 On Athens, see NNN on banking

88 Cite: Mod Lib, pp. 170-171;

89 Karl Marx - Friedrich Engels - Werke, Band 23, S. 11-802, Dietz Verlag, Berlin/DDR 1962, p. 168, online at http://www.mlwerke.de/me/me23/me23_161.htm#Kap_4_1.

90 Megill 2002, p. 262.

91 Coetzee 1999, p. 117.

92 Desert Fathers n.d., Ward’s introduction, p. x1; Hourani 1991 2005, pp. 72-73

93 Braudel, Wheels 1979, p. late in volume: find.

94 Simmel 1907 (1990), p. 245.

95 Le Roy Ladurie 1978 (1980), p. 332.

96 Le Roy Ladurie 1978 (1980), p. 336.

97 ***McCormick 2001, get page.

98 Boccaccio 1349-1351, Tenth Day, Tale 9, p. 213; “he was a private citizen . . . ,” p. 217.

99 Boccaccio 1349-51, p. 219.

100 McCormick, 2001, p. 13.

101 I thank my colleague in Hispanic Studies at the University of California at Riverside, James Parr, for conversations on this point.

102 21, p. 119, 12, p. 111.

103 ***Cite Sawyer

104 Chaucer 1387, Prologue, beginning lines 43, 478, 529.

105 ll. 361-373.

106 “General Prologue,” ll. 309-316.

107 “General Prologue,” ll. 231-232; 245-248.

108 “General Prologue,” ll. 173-174; 200.

109 Lindsay (1542-1544), lines 2892-2893, 2852-2863, 2941-2949, 3047-3061, and 3753-3756, as against merely 2810-2849 recommending a predictable tax system, and 2542-2549 of puzzling blather.

110 Todeschini 2008, p. 6. ***Correct all citations to the MS version here and below to correspond with the published book.

111 Everyman c. 1480, lines 134, 333; subsequent quotations are lines 501-502, 232, 882, 428-430, 442.

112 Strietman 1996, p. 107; McGrath, Reformation Thought 1988.

113 Dijk 1996, p. 113. The italics in the Streitman quotation to follow are mine.

114 Viner 1939, p. 43.

115 Kuran 2003, p. 310.

116 Hirschman 1977, p. 58.

117 Tacitus, Germania, 98 AD, 14, p. 114.

118 In agro dominico, translated from Meister Eckehart Deutsche Predigten und Traktate, Diogenes Verlag AG Zürich, 1979, p. 449 ff. At geocities.com/hugovanwoerkom/bullxxii_0.html.

119 Todeschini 2008, p. 2.

120 Origo 1986, ***give some pages for his anxiety.

121 Todeschini 2008, p. 1.

122 Todeschini 2008, p. 2.

123 Todeschini 2008, p. 6.

124 ***Thompson DATE, “Introduction” at http://www.psupress.psu.edu/Justataste/samplechapters/justatasteThompson.html

125 Todeschini 2008, p. 8.

126 Todeschini 2008, p. 9.

127 Everyman c. 1480, ll. 76-79.

128 Todeschini 2008, p. 14.

129 Todeschini 2008, p. 16.

130 Todeschini 2008, p. 11.

131 Pipes 1999, p. 27.

132 Kadane 2008, p. 7. Adjust to book pages.

133 Kadane 2008, p. 7.

134 Kadane 2008, p. 10; well, not so gifted a hymn writer

135 ***Cite Muldrew at al. Cite Marx as in Dignity.

136 Kadane 2008, p. 14.

137 ***Faithful Finances guy

138 Boettke and Storr 2002, p. 165.

139 Wallerstein 1974, p. 51.

140 ***Elbl can this be the right spelling? 2001.

141 MacNeill 1974, p. 147.

142 Parker 1985, p. 244.

143 ***Cite Landes by pages; Donald Coleman, “Gentlemen and Players.”

144 Clark 2007.

145 ***Landes remarks along these lines, perhaps in text.

146 Barrington Moore 1998, pp. 148, 151.

147 Moore 1998, p. 156.

148 ***Jack Goldstone (draft of “The Problem of the `Early Modern’ World.”

149 ***Cite

150 ***Cite BV pages

151 http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/online/edo/

152 ***Cite Andrew NNNN

153 Kuran 2003, p. 309.

154 Rubin 2008, p. 7 and subsequent quotation.

155 ***Kuran’s recent JEH article; Kuran's , Islam and Mammon; Kuran 2005.

156 Kuran 2003, p. 312.

157 ***Cite Wade

158 Rubin 2008, p. 3.

159 Rubin 2008, p. 11.

160 McCormick 2001, pp. 14, 671-72

161 5, p. 105.

162 16, p. 114.

163 29, p. 125

164 Huizinga 1935, p. 25.

165 Huizinga 1935, pp. 110-112.

166 Hohenberg and Less 1985, p. ; Devries, 1984, p. .

167 Pleij 1994, p. 74.

168 Pleij 1994, p. 63.

169 Pleij 1994, p. 67.

170 Pleij 1994, p. 64 makes this point in quoting the printed edition of Heinric en Margriete.

171 Fuchs, p. 115.

172 Cite Alpers; Sluijter 1991, p. 184.

173 E.g. Cicero, Cicero, Orator 69 and de Oratore 2.115.

174 Brettell 1999, p. 14.

175 Kiers and Tissink, p. 173.

176 Deursen 1999, p. 173.

177 Fuchs, p. 147.

178 Wootton, 1986, p. 286. Wootton 1992, p. 74, quoted in Wootton 1992, p. 75. The Jack quotation is from Mercurius Pragmaticus, 9-16 Nov. 1647.

179 Marchamont Nedham quoted in Wootton 1992, p. 73.

180 Milton 1649, pp. 255, 257.

181 Jacob 2001, p. 57.

182 MacKinnon 1987, p. 242-243.

183 Trevor-Roper 1940, pp 2, 4.

184 Taylor 2005, p. 106.

185 Herman, p. 19.

186 Haskell 1999, p. 10.

187 ***Temple DATE, iv, p. 88.

188 ***Wilson, date, p. 55

189 All this: McCants 1997, pp. 2, 4, 5.

190 McCants 1 997, p. 201f.

191 Israel 1995, p. 352.

192 Cite Bob in OK

193 p. 355? check page.

194 Simmel 1908, p. 154, quoted in Ritzer 2008, p. 280. ***Read in Levine 1971: “The Poor.” Simmel continues, “so as to make their reduced energies more productive, “ and then finally in a eugenic gesture typical of his times, “so as to prevent the degeneration of their progeny.”

195 Israel, p. 358.

196 Langford, p. 136.

197 Israel, p. 360.

198 De Vries and der Woude, pp. 659, 661.

199 Parker 1985, p. 25.

200 Herman date, pp. 2-10

201 Source. Check translation against original.

202 Naidler 1999, p. 11.

203 Zeeman 2004.

204 Israel, pp. 640, 638; 535.

205 I am following here Stephen Toulmin’s interpretation in Cosmopolis (1990), pp. 47-55.

206 Zamoyski, The Polish Way 1987, pp. 90-91.

207 Zampoyski 1987, p. 144. The declarations by Erasmus and Grotius are mottoes for his chapter 7, “The Kingdom of Erasmus” (p. 105) and his chapter 5, “God and Caesar” (p. 75).

208 Zampoyski, p. 149.

209 Toulmin 1900, p. 53.

210 Cite the poem.

211 Israel 1996, p. 536.

212 Quoted in Zagorin 2003, p. 149.

213 Temple 172, Chp. VI.

214 1670 figures from Maddison 2001, p. 77, with a rough guess for countries not covered. Temple 1672, Chp. VI

215 Israel 1996, 639.

216 Israel 1996, p. 504.

217 Stark 2003, p. 25.

218 Trevor-Roper 1940, p. 3.

219 The Italian historian Antonino de Stefano in the 1960s [check on internet], quoted in Stark 2003, p. 61

220 Niebuhr (1929), The Social Sources of Denominationism, p. 12, quoted in Stark 2003, p. 25.

221 Stark 2003, p. 61. Compare pp. 24, 27, 55, and throughout.

222 cite

223 Zagorin 2003, pp. 10, 12.

224 Zagorin, p. 259.

225 Tell of his early start

226 Huizinga, date, “Dutch Civ.,” p. 53.

227 Israel 1995, p. 673

228 Wilson date, p. 18.

229 Wilson date, p. 17.

230 Cite Edgerton again?

231 More 1516 (DATE), FIND IN MY EDITION.

232 Wang Fuzhi 1691, pp. 33-34.

233 Lindsay (1542-1544), lines 4070-4075; the next is 4082-4083 and 4085-4087. I thank my vriendinnetje Margaret Raftery of the University of the Free State for the reference.

234 Lindsay (1542-1544), bakers lines 4187-4189; cordiners 4194-4195.

235 Akerlof

236 Storr, personal correspondence 2008.

237 Quoted in Charles Wilson, TITLE, 1965, p. 155-56.

238 Jardine and Stewart, Hostage of Fortune, 1998, p. 433.

239 Bevington 2002, p. 483.

240 McNeir 1938.

241 Bevington 2002, p. 485.

242 Magnusson 1999, p. 120.

243 Cf. Magnusson 1999, p. 120.

244 Cite Mun exactly.

245 Cf. Bevington 2002, p. 484, “his ship literally comes in.”

246 17: 38-49, italics supplied. The “gentlemanlike” is odd, and looks like a Dutchism from meneerlijk. Check in big Dutch dict.

247 Deloney 1597, quoted in O’Connell 1976, p. 13.

248 O’Connell 1976, p. 14, italics supplied.

249 O’Connell 1976, pp. 8, 7.

250 quoted in O’Connell, pp. 3-4, my italics.

251 O’Connell 1976, p. 5.

252 O’Connell 1976, p. 18.

253 Alger 1868, p. 141; on p. 138 the over-slick salesman Coleman is called a “capitalist,” in the earlier meaning of a substantial wealth holder.

254 Multatuli 1860 reprint date, p. NN . By the way, the real name of Multatuli (“many things have I borne”) was “Dekker,” “roofer,” like the Elizabethan dramatist .

255 Quoted in Watt 1957, p. 210.

256 Bevington 2002, p. 484.

257 A Life, II, p. 458

258 Clark 2007, pp. 175-180.

259 Maynial, Edouard. 1911. Casanova and His Time. Trans. E. C. Mayne. London: Chapman & Hall. Pp. 7, 10. At http://www.archive.org/stream/ casanovahistime00maynrich/casanovahistime00maynrich_djvu.txt

260 A Journey 1775, p. 139.

261 Journey, p. 104.

262 Quoted in Mathias 1978, p. 312.

263 Davidoff and Hall 1987, p. 26.

264 Quoted in Mathias 1978, p. 296.

265 Tufte, 1983, pp. 28, 32f, 44ff.

266 Bryson 2003, p. 57.

267 See for example Frederic Lane 1973, p. 142.

268 Wardley 1993

269 Fussell, ed., 1936, passim.

270 lynnconway.com

271 Keggan, SP? p. 90.

272 [Usurer's Daughter, p. 89].

273 Jardine 1996, p. 103

274 quoted in Jardin 1996, p. 105

275 Quoted in Magnusson 1999, p. 129. ***Go back to Sacks!

276 Magnusson 1999, p. 134. ***Get back to Ferber!

277 p. 3, sig. B2, quoted in Magnusson 1999, p. 127.

278 All this, Jardine, 1996, p. 102.

279 Stone 1947, quoted in Hexter 1961, p. 100n.

280 Elizabeth Nov. 30, 1601, p. 339; the speech exists in multiple versions.

281 Andrew 1980, p. 419, 420.

282 Quoted in Taylor 2005, p. 167, and from Stephen Holmes, Benjamin Constant and the Making of Modern Liberlaism, Yale UP 1985, p. 243, q.v. perhaps in Questia

283 Nee and Swedberg 2007, pp. 4-5.

284 Niebuhr 1952, Chap. 3, Sec. 1.

285 Simmel, Philosophy of Money, 1900 1907, p. 444.

286 Quoted in Wood, Broken Estate, 1999, p. 262.

287 Pipes 1999 (2000), p. 25.

288 Temple 1672, Chp. VI

289 Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws 1748, I, p. 321, Book XX sec. 7, quoted in Innes 1994, p. 96.

290 Pat Hudson gives a brief but penetrating introduction to the issue in pp. 218-225 of her lucid classic, The Industrial Revolution 1992.

291 Hume 1741, “Of Civil Liberty,” p. 93.

292