Essentials of Language Documentation

382

    Abbreviations and resources 

CD-R 

Compact Disc – Recordable 

CD-ROM 

Compact Disc – Read Only Memory 

CD-RW 

Compact Disc – ReWritable (reusable CD-R) 

CHAT 

Codes for the Human Analysis of Transcripts (Transcription 

system, manual at http://childes.psy.cmu.edu/manuals/CHAT.pdf) 

CHILDES 

CHIld Language Data Exchange System (Tools for studying con-

versational interactions including those for coding and analyzing 

transcripts; http://childes.psy.cmu.edu) 

CLAN 

Child Language Analysis (Tools for studying conversational 

interactions including those for coding and analyzing transcripts;  

http://childes.psy.cmu.edu) 

Codepage 

Standardized 8-bit extension of the ASCII standard 

CSS 

Cascading Style Sheet (Style sheet for web documents; 

http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS) 

DAT 

Digital Audio Tape (Storage medium for digital audio recordings) 

DELAMAN 

Digital Endangered Languages And Musics Archive Network 

(http://www.delaman.org) 

DoBeS 

DOkumentation BEdrohter Sprachen (Documentation of endan-

gered languages; funding programme of the Volkswagenstiftung; 

http://www.volkswagenstiftung.de/foerderung/foerderinitiativen/

merkblaetter/merkdoku_e.html) 

DOS 

Disk Operating System (Standard operating system formerly used 

for 

 IBM compatible 

 PCs) 

DTD Document 

Type 

Definition 

(www.w3schools.com/dtd/default.asp) 

DV 

Digital Video (Digital storage format for video recordings) 

DVD 

Digital Versatile Disc (Storage medium mostly used for video 

recordings) 

DVD-R 

Digital Versatile Disc – Recordable 

DVD-RW 

Digital Versatile Disc – ReWritable (Reusable DVD-R) 

EAGLES 

Expert Advisory Group on Language Engineering Standards 

(http://www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES96/browse.html) 

ELAN E

UDICO

 Linguistic Annotator (Linguistic annotation tool; 

http://www.mpi.nl/tools/elan.html) 

E-MELD 

Electronic Metastructure for Endangered Languages Data 

(http://emeld.org) 

EMU 

Edinburgh / Macquarie University (Tools for speech analysis; 

http://emu.sourceforge.net) 

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Abbreviations and resources  

  383

 

EU European 

Union 

EUDICO 

EUropean DIstributed COrpora (Linguistic tool creation project; 

http://www.mpi.nl/world/tg/lapp/eudico/eudico.html) 

EUROTYP 

(European Science Foundation research project on linguistic 

typology; http://www.lotschool.nl/Research/ltrc/eurotyp) 

EXMARaLDA  EXtensible MARkup Language for Discourse Annotation 

(http://www1.uni-hamburg.de/exmaralda) 

Extended ASCII  (non-standardized 8-bit extension of the 

 ASCII standard often 

used for the 

 IBM / 

 DOS encoding chart) 

FMPro 

FileMaker Professional (Database manager; 

http://www.filemaker.com) 

GOLD 

General Ontology for Linguistic Description 

(http://www.linguistics-ontology.org) 

HRELP 

Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project (Funding pro-

gramme for endangered languages; http://www.hrelp.org) 

HTML 

Hypertext Markup Language (http://www.w3.org/MarkUp) 

IASA 

International Association of Sound Archives (www.iasa.org) 

IBM 

International Business Machines corporation (www.ibm.com) 

ICON 

(High-level programming language for text applications; 

http://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon) 

ICT 

Information and Communication Technology 

IMDI 

ISLE Metadata Initiative (Metadata system; www.mpi.nl/IMDI) 

INTSINT 

INternational Transcription System for INTonation (Transcription 

system used for coding the intonation pattern of an utterance; 

http://www.lpl.univ-aix.fr/~hirst/intsint.html) 

IPA 

International Phonetic Association / International Phonetic 

Alphabet 

IPR 

Intellectual Property Rights 

IRB 

Institutional Review Board 

ISLE 

International Standards for Language Engineering  

ISO 

International Standardization Organization  

ISO TC37/SC4  ISO Technical Committee 37 / SubCommittee 4 (Consortium for 

language resources management; http://www.tc37sc4.org) 

IT Information 

Technology 

JISC 

Joint Information Systems Committee (British committee support-

ing the use of Information and Communications Technology; 

encoding standards; http://www.jisc.ac.uk) 

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384

    Abbreviations and resources 

JPEG, JPG 

Joint Photographers Expert Group (Digital file format for com-

pressed images) 

LDC 

Linguistic Data Consortium (http://www.ldc.upenn.edu) 

LEXUS 

(Lexicon tool; http://www.mpi.nl/LEXUS) 

Mac 

Apple Macintosh computers (http://www.apple.com) 

MPEG 

Moving Pictures Expert Group (Video compression standards; 

http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg) 

MPG3, MP3 

 MPEG (Audio) Layer III (Audio compression standard)  

MPI 

Max Planck Institute 

MS 

MicroSoft corporation (http://www.microsoft.com)  

OLAC 

Open Language Archive Community  

(http://www.language-archives.org) 

OS Operating 

System 

PC Personal 

Computer 

PCM 

Pulse Code Modulation (Digital storage method of analog 

recordings) 

PDF 

Portable Document Format (Encoding format for web publications; 

http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/adobepdf.html) 

PERL 

Practical Extraction and Reporting Language (Programming 

language for text applications; http://www.perl.com) 

PNG 

Portable Network Graphics (Digital graphics file format; 

http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/png.html) 

PUA 

Private Use Area (User definable area in the 

 UNICODE 

standard) 

QuickTime Quick

 

Time

 

Video (Digital

 

video

 

format; http://developer.apple.com/ 

documentation/QuickTime/QTFF/qtff.pdf) 

RA 

Real Audio (Digital audio format; http://ekei.com/audio) 

RelaxNG 

REgular LAnguage for XML New Generation (Schema language 

for XML; http://www.relaxng.org) 

RTF 

Rich Text Format (7-bit based text encoding standard for cross-

system

 

exchange; http://support.microsoft.com/kb/269575/EN-US) 

SAMPA 

Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet 

(http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/home.htm) 

SAMPROSA  Speech Assessment Methods PROSodic Alphabet 

(http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/samprosa.htm) 

SGML 

Standard Generalized Markup Language (Text markup language; 

http://xml.coverpages.org/sgml.html) 

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