Filologiya məsələləri, № 7, 2017
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iştirakçısı olmur. İnteqrativlik tələbələrə ətraf aləmin dərk edilməsinə
yaradıcı idraki münasibət bəsləyən aləmin dərk edilməsinə yaradıcı idraki
münasibət bəsləyən subyektlər kimi yanaşılmasına imkan yaradır. Bu, o
zaman mümkün olur ki, tədris prosesində öyrəndikləri mövzular ayrı-ayrı
deyil, əlaqəli, inteqrativ şəkildə tədris olunur. Digər bir tərəfdən inteqrativ
kurikulum tələbələrin dərsliklərdə verilən materiallara yaradıcı yanaşmasına
kömək edir. Xarici dil fənninin bir sıra metodları və yanaşmaları mövcuddur.
Bu metod və yanaşmalar effektiv dərsin təşkilinə əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə
kömək edir.
Р. Мамедова
Каким должен быть сегодняшний преподаватель языка
Резюме
В современном мире при стремительных социальных, культурных
и технологических изменениях возникает необходимость мыслить
глобально. В этом случае, студенты, приобретая навыки и знания
иностранного языка, не должны быть пассивными участниками.
Интерактивное обучение позволяет преподавателю не только разноо-
бразить процесс обучения, но и реализует комплекс методических и
педагогических задач. Одной из основных задач является активизация
деятельности каждого студента, создание ситуации для их творческой
активности. Интерактивность дает студентам возможность для творческого
когнитивного подхода в учебном процессе, в результате чего учащийся
достигает больших успехов в приобретении знаний. Понимание
окружающего мира, способность подойти ко всему творчески возможно в
тех случаях, когда учащийся может синтезировать все приобретенное
новшество в тесном контакте с другими предметами. Иностранный язык
представляет собой расширяющуюся информационно-образовательную
среду, которая предполагает использование разнообразных методов,
методик и современных средств обучения и оценивания студентов. Все
это создает благоприятную почву в организации преподавания с
наиболее высокими результатами обучения.
Rəyşi: Lalə Məsimova
filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent
Filologiya məsələləri, № 7, 2017
224
AYNUR MAMMADOVA
Azerbaijan state oil and Industry University
aynur.252@mail.ru
LESSON PLANNING
Açar sözlər: planlaşdırma,dərs,dil,məqsəd,müəllim,öyrənci,fəaliyyət,inkişaf
etdirmək,məzmun.
Key word planning, lesson,language, goal, teacher, learner, activity,
develop, content
Ключевые слова: планирование, урок, язык, целъ, преподавателъ,
студент, деятелъностъ контекст.
The lesson is a type of organized social event that occurs in virtually
all cultures. Lessons in different places may vary in topic, time, place,
atmosphere, methodology and materials, but they all, essentially are
concerned with learning as their main objective, involve the participation of
learners and teachers, are limited and pre-scheduled as regards time, place
and membership.
Teachers may wonder “which way they ought to go” before they enter
a classroom.This usually means that teachers need to plan what they want to
do in their classroom.Most teachers engage in yearly, term, unit, weekly, and
daily lesson planning. Yearly and term planning usually involve listing the
objectives for a particular program. A unit plan is a series of related lessons
around a specific theme such as “The family”. Planning daily lessons is the
end result of a complex planning process that includes the yearly, term, and
unit plans. A daily lesson plan is written description of how students will
move toward attaining specific objectives. It describes the teaching behavior
that will result in student learning.
Do you think that a lesson plan is most like: an instruction leaflet, a
photograph, a story, a road map, a computer programme, a series of road
signs, a written summary, something else?
A lesson plan is a set of notes that helps us to think through what we
are going to teach and how we are going to teach it. It also guides us during
and after the lesson. We can identify the most important components of a
lesson plan by thinking carefully about our learners, what we want our
learners to do and how we want them to do it. So a lesson plan probably
most like a road map ar a series of road signs, something that shows us
where we are going and how we are going to get there- although we may
sometimes find that during the journey we have to take a different route!
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Before we start to make a lesson plan we need to consider a number
of crucial factors such as the language level of our students, their educational
and cultural background, their likely levels of motivation and their likely
levels of motivation and their different learning styles. Such knowledge is, of
course, more easily available when we have spent time with a group than it
is at the beginning of a course. When we are not yet familiar with the
character of a group, we need to do our best to gain as much understanding
of them as we can before starting to make decisions about what to teach.
We also need a knowledge of the content and organization of the
syllabus or curriculum we are working with and the requirements of any
exams which the students are working towards.
Now we will discuss the following issues associated with lesson
planning:
. Why plan?
. Models of lesson planning.
. How to plan a lesson.
Why plan?
Language teachers may ask themselves why should they bother writing
plans for every lesson. Some teachers write down elaborate daily plans,
others do the planning inside their heads.Preservice teachers say they write
daily lesson plans only because a supervisor, cooperating teacher, or school
administrator requires them to do so. After they graduate, many teachers
give up writing lesson plans. However, not many teachers enter a classroom
without some kind of plan. Lesson plans are systematic records of a
teacher”s thoughts about will be covered during a lesson. Lesson plans help
the teacher think about the lesson in advance to “to resolve problems and
difficulties, to provide a structure for a lesson, to provide “a map” for the
teacher to follow, and to provide a record of what has been taught.
There are also internal and external reasons for planning lessons.
Teachers plan for internal reasons in order to feel more confident, to learn
the subject matter better, to enable lessons to run more smoothly, and to
anticipate problems before they happen. Teachers plan for external reasons
in order to satisfy the expectations of the principal or supervisor and to guide
a substitute teacher in case the class needs one. Lesson planning is especially
important for preservice teachers because they may feel more of a need to be
in control before the lesson begins.
Daily lesson planning can benefit English teachers in the following
ways: 1. A plan can help the teacher think about content, materials,
sequencing, timing and activities. 2. A plan provides security(in the form of
a map) in the sometimes unpredictable atmosphere of a classroom. 3. A plan
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