26
SevTavazoT moswavleebs A da B simravleebis warmodgena elementebis CamoTv-
liT:
A={–1; 12}, B={–1}.
• aqvs Tu ara, A da B simravleebs saerTo elementi?
• aqvs Tu ara, A simravles raime elementi, romelic ar ekuTvnis B-s?
• ram ganapiroba A da B simravleebis sxvadasxvaoba?
• Seadaron A da B simravleebi kidev or simravles: C={x|(x+1)
(
x– 12
)
=0, x∈Q},
D={x|(x+1)
(
x– 12
)
=0, x∈R, x<0}.
SeTavazeT moswavleebs elementebis CamoTvliT warmoadginon maxasiaTebeli
TvisebiT mocemuli simravleebi:
M={x|x∈Z, –2≤x≤3}, K={x|x∈n, –2≤x≤3}.
• ramdeni elementia M simravleSi?
• ramdeni elementia K simravleSi?
• ramdeni elementia {x|x∈n, –2≤x<0} simravleSi? ras vuwodebT aseT simravles?
mivmarTavT moswavleebs carieli simravlis sxva magaliTebic daasaxelon.
• SeiZleba Tu ara, nebismieri simravlis warmodgena elementebis CamoTvliT?
ganixileT {x|x∈R, –1≤x≤1} magaliTi. ras vuwodebT xolme ricxvTa aseT simravles?
mniSvnelovania moswavleTa mier universaluri simravlisa da simravlis dam-
atebis cnebis safuZvliani aTviseba. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi paragrafSi mocemuli
nimuSebi SeavseT sxva magaliTebiTac. ajobebs, Tu Tavad moswavleebi moiZieben
aseT nimuSebs. simravleebze moqmedebebi _ gaerTianeba, TanakveTa, sxvaoba _ para-
grafSi dawvrilebiTaa aRwerili da ilustrirebuli venis diagramebis gamoyenebiT.
moswavleebi damoukideblad, Tqveni Carevis gareSec, ramodenime wuTSi gaecnobian
wignSi warmodgenil saTanado masalas.
Tqven ki, sakontrolo kiTxvebiT, romlebic mTeli klasisadmi iqneba mimarTu-
li, SeamowmebT am damoukidebeli samuSaos Sedegebs.
mniSvnelovania simravleTa gamoyeneba sxvadasxva tipis winadadebebis TvalsaC-
inod warmodgenisas _ am gamoyenebaTa ramdenime nimuSi cxrilis saxiTac Camovaya-
libeT.
aqtivobis gafarToeba-gaRrmaveba
aqtivobis gafarToeba-gaRrmavebis mizniT SeiZleba ganixiloT paragrafSi war-
modgenili sakontrolo kiTxvebi da amocanebi.
moswavleTa pasuxebis siswore TviT moswavleebma Seafason _ es mniSvnelovania
maTi codnis daxvewisa da ganmtkicebisTvis.
amocanebis umravlesoba e. w. `testuri~ tipisaa _ moswavles vTavazobT ramden-
ime savaraudo pasuxs, romelTagan unda SeirCes swori. sasurvelia, rom moswavlem
pasuxis gacemisas daasabuTos xolme arCevanis marTebuloba.
aqtivobis ganxilva-Sefaseba
naTelia, rom mocemuli aqtivoba amzadebs safuZvels saswavlo programiT gaT-
valiswinebuli mravali sxva sakiTxis Sesaswavlad, magaliTad, simravleTa klasifi-
kacia, Sesabamisoba da sxv. amgvarad, simravleTa Teoriis elementebis safuZvliani
aTviseba momavali Teoriuli da gamoyenebiTi amocanebis warmatebuli ganxilvis
safuZvels qmnis.
27
sanimuSo gakveTili #2
aqtivoba: simravleTa dekartuli namravli ($ 1.5).
reziume: moswavleebi ecnobian axal cnebebs _ dalagebuli simravle (kerZod,
dalagebuli wyvili, sameuli), ori an meti simravlis dekartuli namravli; am
cnebaTa gamoyenebiT moswavleebi warmoadgenen axal maTematikur obieqtebs, realur
samyaroSi SesaZlo mimarTebebs.
aqtivobis mizani:
• axali cnebebis aTviseba, mocemuli simravleebis dekartuli namravlis
Sedgenisa da, piriqiT, mocemuli namravlis mixedviT Tanamamravli simravleebis
aRdgenis unar-Cvevebis gamomuSaveba;
• ricxviTi simravleebis dekartuli namravlebisa da sakoordinato sibrtyeze
maT gamosaxulebebs Soris urTierTcalsaxa Sesabamisobis dadgenis gamocdilebis
SeZena.
• miRebuli codnis praqtikul amocanebSi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobaTa aRmoCenisa
da maTi realizebis unaris ganviTareba.
aucilebeli wina codna
• simravleTa Teoriis elementebis codna § 1.4-Si mocemuli moculobiT;
• sakoordinato sibrtyis wertilebsa da koordinatTa Sesabamis wyvilebs Soris
Sesabamisobis dadgenis unari _ es sakiTxi gakveTilebze reguluralud ganixileba,
amitom sagangebo, xangrZlivi dro am gaxsenebis ar dasWirdeba.
gakveTils viwyebT simravlis dalagebulobis cnebis Sinaarsis aRweriT; kerZod,
ganvixilavT sakoordinato sibrtyis (a; b) da (b; a) tipis wertilebs da vrwmundebiT,
rom, Tu a≠b, maSin (a; b) da (b; a) sxvadasxva wertilebs gansazRvravs.
gavixsenebT, rom amave wesiT Sedgenili {a; b} da {b; a} simravleebi tolia.
simravlis dalagebuloba gulisxmobs ara marto simravlis elementebis CamonaTvals,
aramed, simravlis elementebis gansazRvrul Tanamimdevrobasac.
sazogadod, dalagebuli wyvilebisTvis (a; b)=(c; d) niSnavs, a=c da b=d. piriqiTac,
Tu a=c da b=d, maSin (a; b)=(c; d).
sailustraciod ganvixilavT raime or sasrul simravles. magaliTad, A={O; ∆},
B={1;
2;
3}. SevTavazoT moswavleebs warmoadginon elementebis CamoTvliT dalagebul
wyvilTa ori simravle:
M={(
m;
n)
| m∈
A,
n∈
B},
N={(
p;
t)
| p∈
B,
t∈
A}.
• ramden elements Seicavs M simravle; N simravle?
• tolia Tu ara, M da N simravleebi?
ganvsazRvroT ori simravlis dekartuli namravlis cneba _ A×B={(a; b) | a∈A,
b∈
B}.
• sworia Tu ara, rom A×B=M; B×A=N?
moviSvelioT paragrafis Teoriul nawilSi mocemuli sxva magaliTebic.
gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT ganvixiloT A×A SemTxveva _ moswavles raime A
simravlis dekartuli kvadrati ar unda SeeSalos A-s orelementian qvesimravleTa
simravleSi.