45
pasuxi:
(–∞; –3)∪(3;+ ∞).
|x| geometriulad gamosaxavs sakoordinato wrfis saTavidan im wertilamde
manZils, romlis koordinatia x. mocemul SemTxvevaSi |x|>3, saTanado wertilebi 3
erTeulze meti manZiliTaa daSorebuli saTavidan, amitom maTi x koordinatebisTvis
vRebulobT:
x>3 an x<–3, anu x∈(–∞; –3)∪(3; +∞).
b) |x|<7.
Tu x≥0, maSin x<7;
Tu x<0, maSin –x<7, anu x>–7. SeiZleba
asec CavweroT:
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x≥0
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x<0
x<7
an
x>–7,
saidanac –7<x<7.
pasuxi: (–7; 7).
x aris saTavidan 7 erTeulze naklebi manZiliT daSorebuli wertilis koor-
danati, –7<x<7.
g) |x–5|≥10.
amovxsnaT SemTxvevebis ganxilviT:
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x–5≥0
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x–5<0
x–5≥10,
–(x–5)≥10,
saidanac x≥15 an x≤–5. pasuxi: (–∞; –5]∪[15; +∞)
amoxsna SeiZleba a) SemTxvevaSi ganxilul utolobasac davukavSiroT, Tu Semo-
viRebT x–5=y aRniSvnas, miviRebT |y|≥10. saidanac y≥10 an y≤–10 anu x–5≥10, x≥15, an
x–5≤–10, x≤–5.
x aris im wertilis koordinati, romelic
x
0
=5 wertilidan 10-ze aranaklebi manZiliTaa
daSorebuli.
d) |2x–5|<3.
mocemuli utoloba davukavSiroT b) SemTxvevaSi warmodgenil utolobas. vTqvaT,
2x–5=y, maSin vRebulobT: |y|<3, saidanac miiReba –3<y<3, anu –3<2x–5<3, 2<2x<8, 1<x<4.
pasuxi: (1; 4).
axla es utoloba amovxsnaT kvadratul utolobaze miyvaniT. utolobis orive
mxare arauryofiTia, aviyvanoT kvadratSi (gaixseneT: Tu a, a≥0, b≥0, maSin a
2
<
b
2
).
4
x
2
–20x+25<9, x
2
–5x+4<0, (x–4)(x–1)<0,
x∈(1
;4)
.
axla amoxsnisTvis geometriuli mosazrebebi gamoviyenoT. utoloba gadavweroT
ase:
|
x– 52
|
< 32, rac niSnavs _
x koordinatis mqo-
ne wertili 52-is Sesabamisi wertilidan
3
2-ze
naklebi manZiliTaa daSorebuli:
suraTidan TvalsaCinoa, rom 1<x<4.
e) |3x–6|>|x|
(1)
46
aviyvanoT kvadratSi:
9x
2
–36x+36>x
2
, saidanac 2(x–3)
(
x - 32
)
>0
,
x∈
(
-∞; 32
)
∪
(3; +∞).
• amovxsnaT igive utoloba SemTxvevebis ganxilviT. ricxviTi wrfe davyoT sam
Sua ledad da TiToeul maTganSi amovxsnaT utoloba.
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x<0
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
0≤x≤2
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x>2
–(3x–6)>–x
–(3x–6)>x 3x–6>x.
miviRebT x<0, 0≤x<32, x>3.
pasuxi:
(
-∞; 32
)
∪
(3; +∞).
mocemuli utolobis amonaxsnTa simravles mogvcems namdvil ricxvTa simrav-
lidan |3x–6|≤|x| utolobis amonaxsnebis gamoricxva. ganvixiloT es ukanaskneli
utoloba.
vRebulobT: |x|≥3|x–2|, anu M(x)-dan 0-mde manZili (|x|) metia an tolia M-dan 2-is
Sesabamis wertilamde manZilis gasammagebul sidideze.
suraTze isini daStrixulia.
darCa
(
-∞; 32
)
∪
(3; +∞).
v)
|x–3
|+|x–5
|<3
.
x-is
x=3 wertilze
gavlisas x-3 niSans icvlis,
x=5 wertilze gavlisas ki
x–5
icvlis niSans. es wertilebi RerZs 3 Sualedad yofs. ganvixiloT 3 SemTxveva.
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x<3
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
3≤x≤5
Z
[
\
]
]
]
]
x>5
–(x–3)–(x–5)<3;
x–3–(x–5)<3;
x–3+x–5<3.
miviRebT, Sesabamisad,
5
23, 3≤x≤5, 5
11
2 . pasuxi:
(
5
2;
11
2
).
geometriulad:
M(
x) RerZis is wertilebia, romelTagan 3-mde da 5-mde manZilebis
jami 3-ze naklebia. viyenebT geometriul warmodganas. miviRebT 3–12<x<5+
1
2.
$1.2 utolobaTa sistema
mizani: im amocanebis amoxsnis unaris ganviTareba, romelTa amoxsna utolobaTa
sistemaze daiyvaneba; geometriuli warmodgenebis, simravleTa Teoriis cnebebis
gamoyeneba utolobaTa sistemis amoxsnisas.
winapirobebi: moswavleebma unda icodnen wrfivi da kvadratuli utolobebis
amoxsna, utolobis amonaxsnebis gamosaxva ricxviT wrfeze, simravleTa TanakveTa.
moswavleTa motivaciis mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT Temis ganxilva iwyeba
amocanis dasmiT; marTkuTxedis formis fotosuraTs, romlis zomebi cnobilia,
vawebebT marTkuTxedis formis muyaos furcelze, ise, rom muyaos arSia erTnairi
siganis iyos. veZebT muyaos furclis zomebs (miaxloebiT _ 1 mm-mde sizustiT) im