Komunikaciis Teoriebi

sxdomebis Catareba

diskusiis warmarTva

sxdomaze diskusiis swori warmarTvis dros iqmneba dinamikuri efeqti, romlis Seqmnac ar SeiZleba sxva gziT. arsebobs sxdomebis sxvadasxva tipi, esenia:

1. 
   informireba. informaciis nakads eqneba calmxrivi mimarTuleba. am SemTxvevaSi diskusia ar aris mizanSewonili, radgan am moqmedebam SeiZleba xeli SeuSalos informaciis gacemas;
   
2. 
   problemebis gadaWra. jgufis SemoqmedebiT potencials iseTi mimarTuleba misces, rom problemebi gadaiWras. diskusia SeiZleba warvmarToT mrgval magidasTan;
   
3. 
   molaparakebis warmoeba sxdomaze. zogierTi tipis konfliqtis mogvareba da orive mxaris Serigeba;
   
4. 
   gadawyvetilebis miReba. miRebuli informaciis safuZvelze monawileebma unda miiRon gadawyvetileba;
   
5. 
   ideebis mozidva da gacvla. ideebis wardgena, gadmocema da maTze reaqciis dafiqsireba.
   

sxdomas unda xelmZRvanelobdes Tavmjdomare, da masSi monawileobas iRebdes mdivani da wevrebi. sxdomis warmatebiT warmarTvisaTvis mniSvnelovania, rom sxdomis yvela wevrma erTad, megobrulad imuSaos. sxdomas aqvs dRis wesrigi. amitom, saWiroa imis naTelyofa, rom sxdoma Sedgeba metad seriozuli da mniSvnelovani mizeziT, rom daeswrebian mxolod isini, vinc saWiroa da rom sxdoma Sedegiani iqneba.

Tavmjdomares evaleba sxdomis xelmZRvaneloba, miznebis Camoya­libeba, sxdomis marTva, drois Tanabrad ganawileba diskusiaSi monawile yvela wevrisaTvis.

sxdomis win Tavmjdomarem unda daadginos dRis wesrigi, aseve sxdo­mis Catarebis adgili da dro. sxdoma unda gaxsnas sxdomis Tavmjdomarem. sxdomis mimdinareobisas Tavmjdomarem xeli unda Seuwyos megobruli atmosferos Seqmnas, uxelmZRvanelos dRis wesrigs, waaxalisos diskusia, Seajamos Sedegebi, miaRwios gadawyvetilebis miRebas, uzrunvelyos, rom yvela wevrisaTvis yvelaferi gasagebi iyos. sxdomis bolos unda Sedges, sxdomis oqmi, Tavmjdomarem unda Seafasos yvela gamomsvlelis Sedegi. sxdomis momzadebisa da wardgenisaTvis momzadebisas Tavmjdomarem unda gaiTvaliswinos Semdegi rCevebi:

1. 
   sxdoma unda daiwyos daniSnul dros;
   
2. 
   sxdoma unda warimarTos mSvidad da auRelveblad;
   
3. 
   sxdoma ise unda daigegmos, rom yvela monawiles hqondes sakmarisi dro mosamzadeblad;
   
4. 
   sxdomis dawyebisas Tavmjdomare unda miesalmos damswre auditorias da misasalmebel sityvaSi Seecados Camoayalibos megobruli atmosfero.
   
5. 
   sxdomis dawyebisTanave Tema unda Camoyalibdes martivad, naTlad da droulad. diskusiis mizani ise unda Camoyalibdes, rom yvelam icodes risi miRweva surs da ra doneze;
   
6. 
   Tavmjdomare valdebulia SeamCnios vin moqmedebs Seupovrad, agresiulad, morCilad da pasiurad. man diskusiis dros dambalanseblis roli unda Seasrulos.
   
7. 
   Tavmjdomarem yvela sakiTxi cal-calke unda ganixilos;
   
8. 
   ramdenime adamians erTdroulad laparakis neba ar unda mieces;
   
9. 
   Tavmjdomarem unda ganmuxtos daZabuli urTierTobebi sxdomis mimdinareobisas;
   
10. 
    man unda uzrunvelyos Sedegis miReba.
    

mdivani aris piri, romelic TavmjdomaresTan erTad iRebs monawileobas sxdomis momzadebaSi. sxdomis win mdivani valdebulia monawileebs amcnos sxdomis daniSvnis Sesaxeb. moamzados saWiro sabuTebi da gaacnos yvela monawiles. moamzados darbazi, izrunos imaze, rom darbazSi iyos gamagrileblebi, audio da video xelsawyoebi.

sxdomis mimdinareobisas moaxdinos monawileTa aRricxva, vis ra davaleba miecema da am davalebis Sesrulebis vadebi.

sxdomis Semdeg mdivanma unda daweros sxdomis oqmi da gaavrcelos monawileTa Soris. yvela monawile valdebulia wvlili Seitanos sxdomis warmatebiT CatarebaSi, saWiroa yvela wevrs esmodes sxdomis mizani, dRis wesrigSi Setanili sakiTxebi da sxva adamianebis roli sxdomis mimdinareobaSi.

sxdomis win yvela wevrma unda Seiswavlos sxdomaze gansaxilveli sakiTxebi, moamzados safuZvliani argumenti. sxdomis dros moisminos sxvaTa mosazrebebi, Tanamimdevrulad Camoayalibos Tavisi Sexedulebebi. saWiroa gamovavlinoT interesi konkretuli sakiTxis ganxilvisas. sxdomis Semdeg SevasruloT Cvenze dakisrebuli davalebebi.

sxdomaze sami saxis davaleba figurirebs:

1. 
   amocanis ganxorcielebisaTvis gamiznuli moqmedeba;
   
2. 
   mxardamWeri moqmedeba;
   
3. 
   sakuTari interesebidan gamomdinare moqmedeba.
   

sxdomaze yovelTvis unda SenarCundes interesis done, radgan kargi ideebi Cndeba sxvadasxva dargis specialistebis SesaZleblobaTa gaerTianebiT.

sxdomaze yvela monawiles aqvs Tanabari ufleba, rom efeqturad miiRos monawileoba sxdomis mimdinareobaSi. mxedvelobaSi unda viqonioT Semdegi aspeqtebi:

1. 
   ramdenad kargad varT momzadebuli;
   
2. 
   Cven mier warmoTqmuli sityva gasagebad da damajereblad unda JRerdes;
   
3. 
   kritika yovelTvis misaRebi unda iyos;
   
4. 
   kiTxvebi gasagebi unda iyos;
   
5. 
   Cveni moqmedeba damajereblad da dabejiTebiT unda gamovxatoT.
   

gasagebi da damajerebeli laparaki niSnavs, rom nebismier sxdomaze unda visaubroT mokled, sainteresod da damajereblad. zogjer mTavari sakiTxi wydeba sxdomis Semdeg pirad saubrebSi, zogjer ar miiRweva Tanxmoba radgan auditoria grZnobs, rom misi wvlili jerovani serio­zulobiT ar Sefaseba.

kritika yovelTvis misaRebi unda iyos sxdomaze. is monawileebis yurad­Rebas miiqcevs da daarwmunebs, rom maT vusmenT yuradRebiT da sadac saWiroa gavakeTebT SeniSvnebs. SekiTxvebi unda iyos gasagebi da kons­truqciuli, rom yvela mosazreba naTlad gamoiTqvas. Cveni SekiTxvebi yovelTvis unda Seesabamebodes sakiTxs da unda hqondes konstruqciuli mizani.

Cveni moqmedeba unda iyos profesiuli, ndobiT savse da dama­jerebeli. Tu naTelia, rogor unda CavataroT sxdoma da Cveni roli sxdomis mimdinareobaSi, maSin Cveni moqmedeba iqneba ufro pozitiuri, racionaluri da damajerebeli, rac saSualebas mogvcems, rom Cveni mosaz­reba gadmovceT efeqturad da sxva monawileTa uflebebis SeuzRudavad.

sxdoma did dros moiTxovs, dro ki fulia. amitom, saWiroa imis naTelyofa, rom sxdoma warimarTeba metad seriozuli da mniSvnelovani mizeziT. sxdomis warumateblobis Tavidan asacileblad saWiroa gaviTvaliswinoT Semdegi faqtorebi:

1. 
   araswori struqtura. sxdoma ver miaRwevs saWiro mizans, Tu aris ramdenime Zlieri wevri, romelic zemoqmedebs sxdomis mimdina­reo­baze;
   
2. 
   informaciis gavrceleba da SeTviseba. Secdomaa imis daSveba, rom sxdomaze gavrcelebuli mTeli informacia yvela wevrs eqneba wakiTxuli da gagebuli. yvela damswres ar SeuZlia swrafad waikiTxos da daixsomos sxdomaze warmodgenili informacia;
   
3. 
   oqmi. wina sxdomis oqmis uzustoba iwvevs drois dakargvas momdevno sxdomaze, radgan yvela sakiTxi gadasasinji da SesaTanxmebelia;
   
4. 
   dRis wesrigis dadgena. Tu sxdoma ar aris saTanadod dagegmili gaTvaliswinebuli sakiTxebi SeiZleba Seicvalos, rac gaugebrobas gamoiwvevs;
   
5. 
   TavmjdomaresTan dakavSirebuli problemebi SemdegSi mdgomare­obs: Tu igi ar zRudavs diskusiis xangrZlivobas, ar icnobs sxdo­mis mizans, ar icis ra moeTxoveba Tavmjdomares amiT isar­ge­blebs romelime Zlieri momxsenebeli da sxdomis mimdi­nareobis sadaveebs Caigdebs xelSi.
   

amrigad, unda gvaxsovdes, rom nebismieri sxdoma moicavs ramdenime sakiTxs, romlis gadawyveta swored am sxdomaze xdeba. unda viyoT organize­bu­lni, gamoviyenoT mTeli Cveni Semoqmedeba da xelovneba sxdomebis warmatebiT Casatareblad.

1. 
   raSi mdgomareobs efeqturi molaparakebis arsi?
   
2. 
   ra aris samsaxurSi misaRebi gasaubrebis mizani?
   
3. 
   sxdomis Catarebis mniSvneloba organizaciis efeqturi muSaobi­saTvis?
   
4. 
   ra tipis SekiTxvebi SeiZleba daisvas samsaxurSi misaRebi gasaub­rebis dros?
   

Tavi 10. tranzituli komunikaciebi
warmoidgenT, rom Sesvenebis dro SegiZliaT dauTmoT ojaxis saqmeebs an yoveldRiuri samuSaoze gamgzavreba SecvaloT auCqarebeli gaseirnebiT samzareulodan holamde. momuSave personalis didi nawilisTvis es realobaa. rogorc, magaliTad, samedicino stenogramebis gamSifvrelisaTvis sastumro ”mariotidan” jorjiis Stati. igi aris erT-erTi cxra milioni amerikelidan, romlebsac telekomunikaciuri sistemebis momxmareblebi ewodebaT.Ppersonaluri kompiuterebis da mowinave telekomunikaciuri teqnologiebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi am xalxs SeuZlia samuSaos nawili saxlSi Seasrulos. Cveni gamSifvreli aRniSnavs muSaobis aseTi stilis zogierT upiratesobas, igi kerZod imas, rom mas meti dro rCeba dasvenebisaTvis da saSinao saqmeebis gasakeTeblad, amas­Tan, ofisSi arsebuli fusfusis gareSe misi Sromis nayofiereba 25%-iT gaizardeba. “zogierTi adamiani iseTi siCqariT akakunebs klaviSebze, rom warmodgenac SeuZlebelia”- Aambobs igi. Mmisma damqiraveblebma aRniSnes MSromis nayofierebis zrdis tendencia telekomunikaciuri qselebis sxva momxmarebelTa Sorisac. garda amisa, zogierT mWidrod dasaxlebul raionSi muSobis aseTi stili mowonebulia, rogorc pikis saaTebSi sagzao moZraobis gantvirTvis erT-erTi saSualeba, rac, Tavis mxriv, dadebiTad moqmedebs ekologiuri problemebis gadawyvetaze qalaqSi.

telekomunikaciuri sistemebis gamoyeneba SeuZlebeli iqneboda rom ar ganxorcielebuliyo cvlilebebi ofisebis teqnologiebSi, romlebic yoveldRe samsaxurSi gamgzavrebis nacvlad, samuSaos saxlSi waRebis saSualebas iZleva. amisaTvis aucilebelia personaluri kompiuteri, satelefono xazi da internetTan SeerTeba. Mmagram is, rac dRes gveCveneba martivad da bunebrivad, sul raRac 10 wlis win mxolod ocneba iyo. rTuli eleqtronuli mowyobilobebiT Tanamedrove ofisis dakompleqtebis tempebi organizaciis sididisgan damoukideblad yoveldRiurad izrdeba. rac bolo aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi iTvleboda fufunebad _ teqsturi redaqtorebi, personaluri kompiuterebi, faqsimiluri aparatebi, univer­saluri satelefono sistemebi da feradi aslgadamRebi aparatebi _ ofisisaTvis ukve Cveulebrivi movlena gaxda. saofise mowyobilobaTa dargSi progresi zrdis mis mwarmoeblurobas da saimedoobas, magram amave dros ufro maRal moTxovnebs uyenebs im adamianTa teqnikuri codnis dones, romlebic am mowyobilobebiT sargebloben. profesiul adminis­traciul personals moeTxoveba ”kompiuteris daufleba maRal doneze”, raTa fexdafex mihyves fantastikuri siCqariT mimdinare cvlilebebs. bevr menejers SeuZlia damoukideblad gaarTvas Tavi sakancelario samuSaos. imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom samsaxurebrivi valdebulebebis cneba Seicvala, amJamad Znelia moZebno Cveulebrivi mdivani, romelic karnaxiT beWdavs, aformebs da sistemaSi mohyavs sabuTebi.

axali teqnologiebis gamoCenis Sedegad, teqnikasa da satelekomu­nikacio mowyobilobebze fasebis dacemam, saofise mowyobilobaTa speqtris mudmivma gafarToebam da maTi gamoyenebis simartivem warmoqmna bevri axali SesaZlebloba. Aamave dros, am dargSi progresi SesaZleblobas iZ­leva Seiqmnas Sromis organizebis axali formebi: TanamSromlebis efeqturi muSaobisaTvis aRar aris saWiro tradiciul korporaciul garemoSi yofna. aseT TanamSromelTa ricxvs miekuTvnebian mobiluri specialistebi, romlebic TavianTi drois did nawils atareben ofisis gareT; satelekomunikacio sistemebis momxmareblebi saxlSi muSaoben aranakleb 3 dRisa TveSi. Aam kategorias agreTve miekuTvnebian mcire da saxlis ofisebis TanamSromlebi, romelTac dRes SeuZliaT Tavs ufleba miscen isargeblon im axali saofise mowyobilobebiT, romlebic arcTu ise didi xnis win xelmisawvdomi iyo mxolod didi korporaciebisaTvis.

saiTac ar unda gaixedoT yvelgan axalma teqnologiam Secvala adami­anTa muSaobis stili. man safuZvlianad Secvala informaciis Ziri­Tadi nakadi, ramac sabolood gardaqmna kompaniis struqtura. Tanamedrove teqnologiis gamoyenebiT SegiZliaT gacvaloT informacia ofisebTan, romlebic mdebareoben sxva saaTobriv sartyelSi an sxva qveyanaSi. martivdeba kontaqti klientebTan. gzaSi yofnisas adamians SeuZlia advilad gacvalos informacia Tavis kompaniasTan. magram, pirvel rigSi, axali teqnologiebi uadvileben adamianebs sxvadasxva tipis vrce­li informaciis erTdroulad gamoyenebis amocanis gadawyvetas. yovelive amis gaTvaliswinebiT bevr organizaciaSi mividnen im daskvnamde, rom droa es teqnologiebi gamoyenebul iqnes TviT samuSaos stilis Sesacvlelad. kompaniebi iwyeben samuSao procesis reorganizebas. reorganizacia _ es termini gamoiyeneba biznesis marTvis ZiriTadi procedurebis cvlilebebis aRsaniSnavad im mizniT, rom ufro efeqturad iqnen gamoyenebuli ada­mianebi, teqnika da informaciuli resursebi. im pirobebSi, rodesac yoveldRiurad Cndeba axali teqnologiebi da mimdinareobs mudmivi cvli­lebebi, kompaniebma uwyvetad unda daamuSaon reorganizaciuli ciklebi, raTa Seeguon am cvlilebebs.

teqnika zrdis komunikaciebis efeqturobas, Tumca informaciis gacv­lis efeqturobis ZiriTadi pirobaa muSaxelis pasuxismgebloba da maT winaSe mdgomi amocana. es amocanaa adamianTa Tvisebebis da eleqtronuli teqnologiebis integracia. Aam TavSi aRwerili iqneba ofisis mowinave teqnologiebi da maTi gamoyeneba komunikaciebSi.
evoluciuri ganviTareba tradiciebidan axal teqnologiamde
sakancelario samuSaoebis moculobis gazrda, fasebis mudmivi ma­teba, kvalificiuri personalis daqiravebis problemebi _ yvelaferma aman moiTxova Sromis nayofierebis gazrda ofisSi. Oofisi aRiarebul iqna qve­da­nayofad, romelic moiTxovs did Sromas da amave dros naklebad Semo­savliania. muSaTa raodenobis procentuli Tanafardoba sainformacio sfe­roSi dasaqmebul TanamSromelTa mimarT im adamianebis saerTo raode­nobasTan SedarebiT, romlebic dakavebuli arian soflis meurne­obaSi, momsaxurebis sferosa da mrewvelobaSi SerTebul StatebSi saukunis dasawyisSi sul izrdeboda. sainformacio sferoSi dasaqmebuli muSakebi warmoadgenen mravalricxovan jgufs 1955 wlidan da maTi ricxvi axlac matulobs. Kkomerciuli organizaciebi iZulebuli arian maqsima­lu­rad ga­mo­i­yenon eleqtronuli teqnologiebi, raTa gauZlon konkurencias. sabed­nierod, es teqnologiebi iafdeba da gamosayeneblad moxerxebuli xdeba.

tradiciuli ofisi

tradiciuli ofisis pirobebSi yoveli menejeri qiraobda mdivans, romelic asrulebda Semdeg funqciebs: pasuxobda telefonis zarebs, xvdeboda mnaxvelebs, beWdavda karnaxiT, aformebda sabuTebs, asrulebda ufrosis sxvadsxva davalebebs, sistemaSi mohyavda sabuTebi, aTanxmebda Sexvedrebis drosa da adgils da gadascemda gzavnilebs. Mmagida savse iyo saqaRaldeebiT, aukinZavi sabuTebiT, kalendrebiT, telefoniT miRebuli cnobebis CanawerebiT. ofisSi momaragebuli unda yofiliyo didi raodenobiT teqstis amosafxeki danebi, sakoreqcio lentebi, koreqci­isaT­vis saWiro TeTri siTxe, piris makopirebeli qaRaldebiT, saqaRaldeebi, dasawepebeli qaRaldi, rom araferi vTqvaT ramdenime xarisxis qaRaldze.

Ddrodadro grovdeboda didi raodenobis samuSaoebi. vidre mdivani angariSs beWdavda menejeri xSirad aRmoaCenda, rom saWiroa teqstSi damatebiTi informaciis Setana an unda Seicvalos ukve arsebuli. Semow­meba da gadabeWdva meordeboda mravaljer. Nnebismier SemTxvevaSi, mdivans an Tavidan unda gadaebeWda teqsti, an unda esargebla makoreqtirebeli siTxiT dabeWdilis gasasworeblad, an yoveli redaqtirebis Semdeg Tavidan moexdina teqstis dalageba. bevrUSemTxvevebSi angariSis saboloo varianti ibeWdeboda Tavidan anu “TeTrad” imis gamo, rom mraval­ricxovani Sesworebebis Sedegad teqstis xarisxi dabali iyo.

60-ian wlebSi saofise sabeWdi mowyobilobebi aRiWurva mexsierebis mowyobilobiT. Ffirma “IBM”- ma gamouSva MT/ST (Magnetic Tape selectric Typewriter) _ Zalian Zvirfasi, specialuri mowyobiloba, romelic SemuSa­ve­bul iqna sabeWdi manqanis safuZvelze. Sesayvani simboloebi inaxeboda magni­tur lentze, mogvianebiT magnitur baraTze. Aamave dros iseTma kompa­niebma, rogoricaa “lanie”da “smiT korona”daamuSaves teqstis redaqtirebis sruliad axali sistema, romlis daniSnuleba iyo teqsturi informaciis Setana da Senaxva, faqtiurad es iyo specialuri kompiuteri, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebuliyo mxolod erTi amocanis gadasawyvetad _ teqstebis awyobisa da redaqtirebisaTvis.

sainteresoa aRiniSnos, rom teqstis redaqtirebis sistemebis ganviTarebam gavlena iqonia saofise muSakTa valdebulebebis DSecvlaze _ magaliTad, mbeWdav-memanqaneTa biuros Seqmnaze. manqaniT beWdvis dargSi gamorCeuli niWis adamianebi xvewdnen TavianT ostatobas dReSi 8 saaTis ganmavlobaSi. dasawyisSi es miznad isaxavda mwarmoeblurobis gazrdas, radganac eqspertebs sjerodaT rom ofisi, fabrikis msgavsad, moigebs Sromis ganawilebis xarjze. Mmdivnis Tanamdebobis or nawilad gayofa _ referenti da memanqaneebi _ miRebul iqna enTuziazmiT pirvelebis mier da mis gareSe meoreTa mxridan. droTa ganmavlobaSi, mowyobilobebze fasis SemcirebasTan erTad naTeli gaxda, rom teqstis redaqtirebis sistemebi xels uwyobs orive amocanis daZlevas da samuSao saintereso xdeba.

originaluri

gzavnili

zepiri

originaluri

gzavnili

Savad nabeWdi an

Sesworebebis Setana

Savi nabeWdi

ubrundeba

avtors

ara

aucilebeli Sesworeba?

zepiri

ki

weriTi gzavnilis momzadebisa da gagzavnis tradiciuli meTodi

sofise muSakTa valdebulebebis SecvlasTan erTad grZeldeboda sabeWdi manqanidan da teqstis redaqtirebis sistemidan gadasvla personalur kompiuterebze. kompiuteris SesaZleblobebis yovedRiurma zrdam moxsna programirebis specialuri enebis gamoyenebis aucilebloba, ramac, Tavis mxriv, kompiuteris gamoyeneba momxmareblisTvis gacilebiT mosaxerxebeli gaxada. dRes bevri menejeri TviTon aris momxmarebeli. Eeleqtronuli ofisis pirobebSi yoveli muSaki pasuxs agebs Sromis efeqturobis amaRlebaze da Tavisi wvlili Seaqvs am miznis miRwevaSi.

teqstis redaqtireba da sxva saofise saqmianobis Sesruleba grZel­deba kompiuteris daxmarebiT. 1995 wels firmam“smiT korona”, romelic sabeWdi manqanebisa da teqstis redaqtirebis sistemebis umsxvilesi mwarmoebeli iyo Tavi gakotrebulad gamoacxada. is bolo dromde cdilobda Tavisi produqciis gayidvas personaluri kompiuterebis bazris mudmivi zrdis pirobebSi. Ees movlena sawyisi wertili gaxda eleqtronuli ofisis ganviTarebis istoriaSi. radgan tradiciuli ofisis erT-erTma ZiriTadma elementma dakarga Tavisi funqcia.

Tanamedrove ofisi

nebismieri ofisis ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens informaciis damu­Saveba ai zogierTi am amocanebidan: sabuTebis Seqmna da maTi siste­ma­ti­zacia, klientebTan da kolegebTan informaciis gacvla. dRes infor­maciuli teqnologiebi saSualebas gvaZlevs ufro efeqturad gadav­wyvitoT es amocanebi. calkeul SemTxvevebSi amocanebis gadawyveta mTlianad avtomatizebulia, esa Tu is kompiuteruli teqnologia praqti­kulad yvela SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba.

ofisis aparaturuli da programuli uzrunvelyofa. teqnikur termi­nologiaSi aparaturul uzrunvelyofaSi esmiT eleqtronuli aRWur­vi­loba, xolo programul uzrunvelyofaSi igulisxmeba programebi da qveprogramebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen eleqtronuli mowyobilobebis funqcionirebas. Aam ofisis aparaturuli uzrunvelyofa moicavs perso­nalur kompiuterebs, aslis gadasaReb aparatebs, faqsimilur apara­tebs, telefonebs da sxva mowyobilobebs, CamoTvlili mowyobilo­bebidan umrav­lesoba miekuTvneba inteleqtualur mowyobilobaTa rigs. inteleqtualurs uwodeben mowyobilobas, romelic Seicavs mikroprocesors, SeuZlia miiRos martivi gadawyvetilebebi da momxmarebeli uzrunvelyos aucilebeli informaciiT. Ees manqanuri inteleqti mowyobilobas martivad gamosayenebels xdis da afarToebs misi gamoyenebis speqtrs. gadavideT zogierT am mowyobilobaTa SesaZleblobebis aRweraze.

personaluri kompiuteri

personaluri kompiuteri gaxda Tanamedrove eleqtronuli ofisis safuZveli. Kkompiuteris farTod SeRweva komerciul struqturebSi aixs­neba Semdegi mizezebiT: upirveles yovlisa, kompiuterebis mwarmoebluroba da swrafqmedeba Zalian maRalia da am maCveneblebis zrda grZeldeba, am zrdas mivyavarT im amocanaTa speqtris gafarToebisaken, romlebic kom­piu­­teris meSveobiT SeiZleba gadawydes. garda amisa, kompiuterebis zoma ganuwyvetliv mcirdeba, xolo fasi ecema. yovelive aman moitana is, rom dRes momxmareblis magidaze dgas kompiuteri, romlis mwarmoeblurobac, bevr SemTxvevaSi, sWarbobs wina wlebis didi gamomTvleli manqanebis mwarmoeblurobas.

aparaturuli da Sesabamisi programuli uzrunveyofis saSualebiT SeiZleba gadawydes Semdegi amocanebi: teqstebis redaqtireba, magidis sagamomcemlo saSualebaTa daxmarebiT publikaciebis momzadeba, sabuTebis Seqmna da Senaxva, monacemTa bazebTan muSaoba, informaciis warmodgena grafikuli obieqtebis saxiT, saqmiani angariSebis Sesruleba da biujetis Sedgena, dRiuri samuSao grafikis Sedgena da informaciis gacvla. mimdinareobs aparaturisa da programuli uzrunvelyofis yoveldRiuri srulyofa, izrdeba kompiuteris SesaZleblobebi da farTovdeba misi gamoyenebis sfero. Kkompiuters xSirad uwodeben informaciis damuSavebis instrumentsac.

Ppersonaluri kompiuteris aparaturuli uzrunvelyofa

aparaturuli uzrunvelyofis daniSnulebaa Seasrulos Semdegi xuTi funqcia: informaciis Seyvana-gamoyvana, damuSaveba da informaciis Senaxva, agreTve informaciis gacvla. Ees funqciebi xorcieldeba Sesabamisi programuli uzrunvelyofis meSveobiT, romelic axorcielebs apara­tu­ruli nawilis marTvis da koordinaciis funqcias. DdRes personaluri kom­piu­terebis bazuri modelebis umravlesobas SeuZlia warmatebiT Seas­rulos xuTive funqcia. maT Soris erT-erTi yvelaze mTavaria informaciis gadacemis SesaZlebloba qseluri mowyobilobebis da modemis meSveobiT.

centraluri procesori
centraluri procesori (cp) warmoadgens kompiuteris tvins, sadac warmoebs informaciis damuSaveba, cp Sedgeba ori nawilisagan: ariT­metikul-logikuri mowyobiloba (alm) da marTvis mowyobiloba (mm). alm-Si warmoebs informaciis damuSaveba, xolo mm marTavs am process, alm-is monacemebis da Sesasrulebeli brZanebebis uzrunvelyofis gziT. cp moTav­sebulia mikrosqemaze, romelsac ewodeba mikroprocesori da romelic sxva mikrosqemebTan erTad moTavsebulia dedaplataze. Kkompiuteris warmadoba da swrafqmedeba bevradaa damokidebuli mikroprocesoris funqcionirebis siswrafeze. amJamad farTod gamoiyeneba ori tipis mikroprocesori, erTs awarmoebs firma “intel korporeiSeni”, xolo meores -“motorola”.”intelis” mier damuSavebul mikroprocesorebs Tavis kompiuterebSi iyenebs firma “ai bi emi”. garda amisa, am kompiuterebs safuZvlad udevs “ai bi emi”-is mier damuSavebuli arqiteqtura. “moto­rolas” mier warmoebuli mikroprocesorebi gamoiyeneba kompiuterebSi, romlebsac safuZvlad udevs “efl makintoSis” firmaSi damuSavebuli arqiteqtura. 1995 wlis monacemebiT, mikroprocesorebis bazris 91% ukavia “intels”, xolo “motorolas” mxolod 9%.

informaciis Semtani mowyobilobebi
kompiuteris monacemebiT uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia es mona­ce­mebi mivawodoT kompiuters misTvis gasagebi formiT (orobiTi kodi) swored Semyvani mowyobilobebis daniSnulebaa brZanebebisa da am brZane­bebis mixedviT dasamuSavebeli monacemebis Seyvana kompiuterSi.

informaciis kompiuterSi Semyvan mowyobilobaTa Soris gavrcelebu­lia klaviatura da e.w. “Tagvi” (mouse). klaviaturis daniSnulebaa kompiu­ter­Si SevitanoT monacemTa simboloebi da brZanebebi. is Zalian waagavs sabeWdi manqanis klaviaturas, magram, rogorc wesi, aqvs damatebiTi klaviSebi, romlebsac uwodeben funqciurs, kursoris gadaadgilebis klaviSs da cifrul klaviSebs. Tagvi warmoadgens patara mowyobilobas, romelic kompiuterTan dakavSirebulia grZeli kabeliT. Tagvis gadasaadgilebel zedapirad Cveulebriv iyeneben patara “noxs”, misi meSveobiT momxmarebels SeuZlia gadaadgilos kursori. Kkursoris gadaadgilebiT ekranis sxvadasxva nawilze da Tagvis klaviSebze TiTis daWeriT xdeba brZanebebis miwodeba kompiuterisaTvis. kursoris adgil­mdebareobisa da Tagvis klaviSebze TiTis daWeris raodenobis mixedviT kompiuteri gansazRvravs ra brZaneba iqna micemuli. kompiuterSi informaciis Semtani sxva mowyobilobebia: trekbolebi, joistikebi, sensoruli ekranebi, eleqtronuli kalmebi, Strixuli kodebis wamkiTxavi mowyobiloba. Aaseve gamoiyeneba sityvebisa da xelnaweri simboloebis amomcnobi mowyobilobebi, magram dReisaTvis am mowyobilobebis potenciuri SesaZleblobebi srulad ar aris realizebuli.

informaciis gamomyvani mowyobilobebi
gamomyvani mowyobilobebi uzrunvelyofen kompiuteris mier damu­Savebuli informaciis gamotanas momxmareblisaTvis moxerxebuli formiT. informaciis or popularul gamomyvan mowyobilobas warmoadgens moni­tori da printeri. Mmonitoris meSveobiT SeiZleba Tvalyuri vadevnoT klaviaturisa da TagviT Setanil brZanebebs da monacemebs. Kkompiuteris mier monacemTa damuSavebis Sedegad miRebuli Sedegebi aseve dauyovnebliv gamoitaneba ekranze. Mmonitorebi SeiZleba iyos sxvadasxva zomis da funq­ciis. Mmonitoris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani maxasiaTebelia ekranis gamta­reb­loba. Ees maxasiaTebeli ganapirobebs gamosasxulebis xarisxs da izomeba piqselebis raodenobiT ekranze. rodesac saWiroa informaciis progra­muli damuSavebis Sedegad miRebuli Sedegebis dabeWdva, maSin gamoiyeneba printeri. Pprinterebi, iseve, rogorc monitorebi sxvadasxva zomisaa da uzrunvelyofs beWdvis sxvadasxva xarisxs da siswrafes. ofisisaTvis metad popularul printers warmoadgens lazeruli printeri, romelSic lazeruli sxivebis koniT xorcieldeba wertilebis aRbeWdva sinaTlis mimarT mgrZnobiare masaliT dafarul dolze. Semdgom wertilebi toneris saSualebiT gadaitaneba qaRaldze. AaseTi printeriT SeiZleba Seiqmnas sabuTebi, romlebic xarisxiT praqtikulad ar Camouvardeba poligra­fiuli wesiT damzadebuls da ufro iafia. printerebi SeiZleba iyos matriculi da Wavluri. informaciis gamomyvan sxva mowyobilobebs miekuTvneba: ploteri, audioinformaciis gamomtani dinamikebi, agreTve inteleqtualuri mowyobilobebis muSaobis indikatorebi, xolo informa­ciis SenaxvisaTvis iyeneben magnituri firs an magnitur diskebs.