Komunikaciis Teoriebi

muSakTa mizidvis praqtika

komunikaciebi warmoiSoba sxvadasxva garemoSi da sxvadasxva mdgomareobaSi. komunikaciuri procesebis mravalferovneba xelmZRanelis­gan moiTxovs sxvadasxva saxis urTierTobisadmi adaptaciis unars. Ees formebi Seicaven pirovnebaTSoris urTierTobas, romelic mimarTulia koleqtivis wevrebs Soris urTierTobis dakmayofilebaze. informaciul urTierTobaTa roli, romelic emyareba imas, Tu ramdenad aqvs xelmZRvanels gaazrebuli informaciis miRebisa da gavrcelebis sasi­cocxlo mniSvneloba, xelmZRvanelis aqtiuri monawileobiT miRebuli gadawyvetilebis roli. Yyvela am rolis saerTo elements warmoadgens is, rom menejeri miiswrafvis efeqturi muSaobisaken, man aucileblad unda moagvaros efeqturi komunikaciebi.

marTvis cneba, romelic emyareba e.w. ,,xalxSi gasvlas” (MBWA – Management by Wandering About – marTva araformaluri urTierTobebis saSualebiT) da romlis mizania is, rom xelmZRvanelma gazardos qveSevrdomebTan, mimwodeblebsa da klientebTan kontaqtis dro da gaaumjobesos am jgufebs Soris komunikaciebi. MBWA-m gamoiwvia informaciuli komunikaciebis ganviTareba, ramac stimuli misca marTvis gadawyvetilebis miRebas. amis safuZvelia awyobili ukukavSiri yvela im adamianTan, romelTac wvlili SeaqvT organizaciis warmatebaSi. B

bolo wlebSi SeimCneva tendencia TanamSromelTa sul ufro metad CarTvisaken gadawyvetilebaTa miRebaSi adre gabatonebuli meTodisagan gansxvavebiT, rodesac gadawyvetilebebs SeimuSavebdnen mxolod menej­mentis garemoSi. es praqtika, romelsac ewodeba “uflebamosilebis delegireba” gadamwyvetia kompaniis konkurentunarianobisaTvis. 1993 wels, Jurnal “Fortune 500”-isEmier gamoqveynebul siaSi Sesuli firmebis 89%-ma (es sia moicavs SeerTebuli Statebis 500 umsxviles sawarmos) praqtikaSi danerga gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi TanamSromlebis CarTvis programebis esa Tu is forma.

uflebamosilebis miniWebis axali aqcenti damatebiT SesaZleblobebs uqmnis im xelmZRvanelebs da TanamSromlebs, romlebic miiswrafvian efeqturi komunikaciebis damyarebisaken. magaliTad, TviTmarTvadi muSa jgufebi gaxdnen uflebamosilebis gafarToebis mravali programis mTavari komponentebi. Ees jgufebi aerTianeben rigiT wevrebs da liderebs, romlebic akontroleben jgufis saqmianobas. tradiciuli muSa jgu­febisgan gansxvavebiT, jgufis liders ufleba ar aqvs veto daados jgufis mier miRebul gadawyvetilebas. komunikaciebi jgufis lidersa da rigiT TanamSromelebs Soris idealur SemTxvevaSi aris pirdapiri da maRalinteraqtiuli. aqedan gamomdinare, iZlevian informaciis gacvlis optimizaciis saSualebas.

organizaciis xelmZRvaneloba, romelic efuZneba ,,xalxSi gasvlas” da TanamSromelTa uflebamosilebis gazrdis programis realiazacias, TavisTavad warmoadgens Tanamedrove mmarTvelobis tips da imis ilustracias, romeli mimarTulebiT viTardeba marTvis meTodebi dRes.

1995w. daaxloebiT 3 milioni amerikeli samsaxurSi telekomunikaciebis saSualebiT urTierTobda erTmaneTan. Ees maCvenebeli yovelwliurad matulobs 20%-iT.
moZraoba xarisxisaTvis
80-iani wlebis dasawyisidan aSS mravali komerciuli organiza­ciisTvis xarisxis ,,cneba” gaxda lozungi. xarisxis komleqsuri marTvis programebi (TQM – Total Quality Management) asobiT kompaniaSi inergeboda. iseTi kompaniebi, rogoricaa “motorola”, “inteli” da “jeneral-eleqtriki” miiswrafodnen imisken, rom srulyofileba gamxdariyo norma. xarisxis gaumjobesebis meTodebi mkveTrad gansxvavdebian, magram yvela saxis organizaciam warmoebis Tu momsaxurebis sferoSi xarisxisaTvis brZolis droSa aRmarTes. magaliTad, zogierTma mwarmoebelma miiRos udefeqto warmoebis programebi, organizacia “hempton in” miiswrafoda garantirebuli xarisxisaken. amisaTvis igi danaxarjebis anazRaurebas sTavazobda im klientebs, romlebic ukmayofiloni iyvnen am sastumroSi yofniT. Kklientebis gamokiTxvam aCvena, rom aseTma winadadebam maTze didi STabeWdileba moaxdina. anazRaurebam 1993w. Seadgina 11 milioni dolari, samagierod mosamsaxureTa Soris sakuTari samuSaoTi kmayofilebis xarisxi gaizarda da kadrebis gadineba Semcirda 50%-mde, maSin, rodesac wina 3 weliwadSi is Seadgenda 117%.

aSS-s saavtomobilo mrewvelobis bolo wlebis warmateba nawilob­riv aixsneba xarisxis marTvis principebis mkacri dacviT. MmaTi danergvis momentidan 1991 w. kompania “saturnma” Tavis TanamSromlebs mianiWa Sesa­ba­misi uflebamosileba da organizacia maRali xarisxis miRwevaze orien­tirebuli gaxada.

arsebobs xarisxis marTvis programebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli ramde­nime saerTo niSani. Yyvelaze maRali prioriteti miekuTvneba myidvelTa moTxovnilebis dakmayofilebas da mudmiv winsvlas. muSa jgufebi mieCvivnen dagegmvas da warmoqmnili problemebis swrafad gadawyvetas. Ggaxsnili atmosferos Seqmna, ndobis arseboba mTel organizaciaSi xarisxis amaRlebis nebismieri programis warmatebis sawindaria. naTelia, rom yvela es saerTo niSani dakavSirebulia komunikaciis ganviTarebasTan. xarisxis amaRlebis nebismieri programis warmateba organizaciis SigniT gamoyenebuli komunikaciis xarisxis proporciulia. bolo wlebSi kompaniebma daiwyes xarisxis koncefciis gadafaseba da aRar arian orientirebuli xarisxis mxolod im cvlilebebze, romelTac ganapirobebs momxmarebelTa survili. DdRes xSirad keTdeba aqcenti xarisxis momgebianobaze; sxva sityvebiT, xarisxis gaumjobesebis nebismieri korporaciuli danaxarjebi pozitiurad unda aisaxos finansur Sedegebze. mag., erT-erTi firma iTxovs, rom xarisxis gaumjobesebis nebismieri axali winadadebis Sedegad defeqtis done Semcirdes minimum 30%-iT, xolo mogeba Seadgendes investirebuli kapitalis aranakleb 10%-s.
garemos gavlena pirovnebaTSoris urTierTobebze
organizaciis SigniT am garemos Secvla gamoiwvevs Sedegs, romelic scildeba am organizaciis sazRvrebs. situaciis daZabva, romelic mwifdeba organizaciaSi moqmedebs pirovnebaTa Soris urTierTobebsa da maTi urTierTqmedebis efeqturobaze.

araerTgvarovan garemoSi komunikaciis problemebi mwvavdeba.

samuSao Zalis SemadgenlobaSi momxdarma cvlilebebma mravali ise­Ti specialobis gaCena gamoiwvia, romlebic minimalur kavSirSia saerTo miznebsa da interesebTan. aseTi araerTferovani MsamuSao Zala Seicavs sxvadasxva donis kompetenciis mqone TanamSromlebs. SezRuduli saerTo interesebis SezRudvis pirobebSi komunikaciis problemebi swrafad vrcel­deba.

cxovrebis wesis Secvla gavlenas axdens Cvenze rogorc pirovnebaT­Sorisi urTierTobebis kuTxiT, Aaseve organizaciis TvalsazrisiTac. zogierTi TanamSromlis gadametebulma interesma sakuTari dasvenebis organizebisadmi SeiZleba gamoiwvios interesis Sesusteba samuSaos mimarT. Mmeore mxriv, sityva ,,verkoholiki” Cven enaSi Semovida, rogorc im adamianebis daxasiaTeba, romlebic imdenad arian STanTqmuli TavianTi samuSaoTi, rom amis gamo uyuradRebod rCebaT cxovrebis sxva aspeqtebi.

piradi problemebi, romlebic maSinac ki, roca isini ar arian dakavSirebuli samuSaosTan gavlenas axdenen Sedegebze. Mmag., adamiani romelic gadis ganqorwinebis proceduras SeiZleba Seecados daZabulobis Senelebas samsaxurSi Tavisi yofaqcevis SecvliT. vinaidan ojaxuri piroblemebi mTlianobaSi gavlenas axdens adamianis muSaobis Sedegze. aseTi problemis gamoZaxili gavlenas axdens mTel sawarmoo atmosferoze. stresTan gamklavebis codna warmoadgens Tanamedrove cxovrebis auci­le­bel moTxovnas. stresis erTi wyaro dakavSirebulia profesiul moRva­weobasTan, xolo sxvebi _ ara. magram gamomwvevi mizezisagan damoukideblad axlavs Sedegebi, Sors mimavali Sedegebi. cneba “Zalebis gamofitva” gamoiyeneba uZlurebis aRsawerad, romelic gamowveulia energiisa da Zalebis uzomo xarjviT. iseTi socialuri movlenebi, rogoricaa ganqorwineba, ganuwyveteli drostareba an Zalebis gamofitva gavlenas axdens cxovrebis nebismier aspeqtze da aZliereben rogorc pirovnebaTSoris, ise komunikaciuri xasiaTis problemebs.

1. 
   ra Rirebuleba aqvs komunikacias organizaciaSi?
   
2. 
   ra roli eniWeba komunikacias sawarmos reorganizaciaSi?
   
3. 
   komunikaciis roli kompaniis miznebis specializaciasa da saerTaSoriso masStabiT zrdaSi?
   
4. 
   ra kavSiria komunikaciebis ganviTarebis donesa da organizaciis MmuSaobis efeqturobas Soris?