Stry of higher and secondary specialized education of the republic of uzbekistan termez state university

- complex derivative terms (1%), for example: antileakcement - putty to eliminate leaks; limewhiting - whitewashing with lime; gradebuilder - tractor bulldozer.

- Abbreviations (12%), for example: ADW (air-dried wood) - air-dried wood; agt (agent) - reagent / agent / additive; DD (Dutch door) - Dutch door, single-floor door. Let's analyze the abbreviations in more detail. With the help of this derivation mechanism, English-language terms are created, which later acquire a full-fledged lexical status and function in a specific subject area. In the language of English scientific and technical literature on the construction industry, there are a large number of different kinds of abbreviations. The growth in the number of reductions that are used in the construction industry, as well as in other fields of science and technology, is quite natural. The consequence of the development of technology is the emergence of more and more new concepts that have not yet become terms. Most of the new special concepts in the English language are expressed using word combinations, since it is this type of terms that makes it possible to reflect the necessary and sufficient semantic features with the greatest completeness and accuracy. But the terms-phrases are cumbersome, so there is a desire to shorten them, which leads to the use of various kinds of abbreviations⁶⁹. Y.A. Mazneva notes that the tendency to save is one of the basic laws of language development, which may be due to a person's “striving” to “improve linguistic forms when using them, which implies a minimum expenditure of mental and physical energy when exchanging information in the process of communication. with the fact that the tendency to economy plays a certain role in improving linguistic units by unifying them, creating shorter forms in a linear plan (not to the detriment of the informativeness of the lexical unit)⁷⁰.

The presence of a significant proportion of abbreviations is a typological feature of the term system under consideration, in which we have identified two groups of abbreviations: initialisms and truncations. Analysis of the sample made it possible to establish the following.

- Initialisms - the addition of the initial letters of the words included in the phrase, or a sequence of capital letters, each of which is pronounced separately. This type of abbreviations made up 8% of the sample, for example: AC B (asbestos-cement board) - slate, asbestos board; ACM (advanced composite materials) - advanced composite materials; ADW (air- dried wood) - air-dried wood; CRC (continuously reinforced concrete) - continuously reinforced concrete; CTB (cement-treated base) - cement-treated base; С / М (concrete masonry) - masonry from concrete blocks.

- Truncation is a term unit in which certain audio segments are discarded from the composition of a word. Such units amounted to 4%, for example: agt (agent) - reagent / agent / additive; bitn (bitumen) - bitumen; BRK (brick) - brick; et (cement) - cement; fbr (fibro) - fiber; bdg (building) - building; BSMT (basement) - basement; CO5L (column) - column; CEM FL (cement floor) - cement floor.

As the analysis has shown, the number of initialisms in construction terminology prevails, their structure is quite simple, they are formed by means of capital letters of the term-combination. Truncations are of more interest. The factual material showed that among the truncation terms one can distinguish:

- epitheses, in which all vowel sounds from the term are thrown out, for example: RF (roof) - roof; RM (room) - room; wd (wood) - wood; fbr (fibro) - fiber;

- syllabic truncations, which are abbreviations consisting of syllables or fragments of the original phrase that form syllables in the abbreviation⁷¹. For example: COL (column) - column; DEML (demolition) - demolition of buildings; elev (elevator) - elevator; soln (solution) —solution; CONTR (contractor) - contractor; solv (solvent) - solvent; CATW (catwalk) - temporary footbridge; CEM FL (cement floor) - cement floor; eq (equipment) - equipment; bitn (bitumen) - bitumen. We distinguish another type of truncation characteristic of our terminology system, consisting of the initial, middle and final letters of one word or phrases, for example, agt (agent) - reagent / agent / additive; et (cement) - cement; Lbr (lumber) - lumber; drlg (drilling) - drilling; eq (equipment) - equipment; bdg (building) - building; BSMT (basement) - basement; CLG (ceiling) - ceiling.

Summarizing our analysis of abbreviations in construction terminology, we identified the following types of them and displayed them graphically in Scheme 2 (see: Appendix).

Thus, one of the main variable characteristics of the construction terminology is its structural originality. The study of construction terms from the point of view of their structure showed that the most common are simple terms, in second place are derived terms, abbreviations are less represented and the least number of terms is represented by complex terminological lexemes. In the formation of derivative terms, the most productive way of education is suffixation (see: Appendix, Scheme 3). Another variable characteristic, which is made up of the semantic features of the formation of construction terms, will be considered in the next section.