26
canons, there should be no boundaries for it, the artist can represent everything he/she wants, as
long as his/her work has life in it, as long as the truth is felt in it, and then he/she can do
anything he/she likes, his/her work then has every right to exist and be respected. Availability of
public basis in the art, already provides a literary work with the ideological content, because in
this case the artist's creation has the life and the truth, which in turn is the source of content in
the art. And critical thinking becomes a form of assimilation of reality for the artist. The role of
fantasy and imagination as constituent artistry elements is also recognized by some critics of the
magazine. This should be a reproduction (not copying) of the reality touching the reader's
feeling and thought.
The truth should be the art's subject; the unveiled truth, the nature of human relations,
otherwise it will not perform its basic function - the devotion to the society. The very essence of
art is in the assessment of the intrinsic value of one or another reality phenomenon, in its
disciplinary and educational value. The content of the work in the first place, is due to the well -
known situation, the historical period, the current state, the mood of the society, in a word, a
nationality is a basic idea, the departure point for critics. Literature is also one of the means of
expression of intellectual and social development of the people, thereby emphasizing the
intellectual nature of art. Aesthetic position, according to which art is the result of intellectual,
mental activity, and its value depends on the level of education of the writer, its development
and talent, is reflected in the other requirements of the critics. According the writer considered
that, literature as an expression of the life of society and the interests of the people.
In different forms critics never tire of repeating what should always be above everything,
what should be the start for the artist, what should always be accompanied by his/her wo rk. This
is the mission of art and writer. The artist should create pictures and images with undying and
eternal significance. “…the art should be a reflection of nature and life…” this was the start of
the analysis of Italian critic Angelo de Gubernatis. And, as noted by the foreign critic, there are
some physical conditions necessary for the creation of art, and all of them are present in the
Italian style of the artist: “…Italian genius has two essential qualities: sensitivity and power;
sensitivity for the perception of beauty, and power for its reproduction…"
Thus, analyzing the aesthetic component of the literary criticism, we can draw conclusions
about the art policy as a whole. It was important that writer, spoke about historicism of the
modern criticism, opening the possibility of ethnographic, legal, social studies for the readers, its
syncretism and genre blurring. The principles of the "new criticism" declared by writer,
following, according to the principles and "covenants" of V.G. Belinsky, as we found out, bring
together his position with that of the revolutionary-democratic criticism of the 60s, which was
important for the magazine as a whole and its artistic policy, in the aesthetic education of his
contemporaries, the promotion of democratic views on art, protection of the best examples of the
literary heritage of the great writers of the past and the present.
We can make conclusions about the approach of the critics to the art works they were more
susceptible to the social side of the works, addressing the various issues of time: the peasant
issue, the issue of the place and the role of intellectuals, women's rights, etc... The philosophical
and aesthetic discourse is closely intertwined in the criticism with the estimative -pragmatic and
journalistic discourse.
Literature for author is only material for the study of society, as the creativity opens all the
most intimate thoughts of society, the level of the ideals in the literature lets historian and critic
to estimate the level of development of society as a whole.
Giving priority to nationality to make judgments about literature and writers, aesthetic stance of
critics becomes hostage of the extra-literary conditions of existence. Mixing the definitions of literary,
social and scientific development of society, brought together many areas of human activity. This
shows the particular approach to the assessment, of both the phenomena of life and artistic, scientific
phenomena, scientific and social-political thought in the magazine and in the literary and critical
discourse in particular. Defining one goal and task for the literature, criticism, publicism and the
solution of painful issues of the day, the reflection of reality and the service to the social problems of
Aesthetic theory in literary criticism
(analysis of aesthetic criterion in literary critique)
27
time - we can talk about the solidity the solution of important issues like peasant, worker, women's
issues and the legacy of the 40s, socialism, the ways of economic development, the directions of
development of scientific thought, etc.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Балыкин, Д. А. Пыпин А.Н. как исследователь течений русской общественной мысли /
Д.А.Балыкин. Брянск: Наука, 1996, 235 с.
2. Iser, Wolfgang. (1978). The Act of Reading: A Theory of Aesthetic Response. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press.
3. Jauss, Hans Robert. (1982). Toward an Aesthetic of Reception. Translated by Timothy Bahti. Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press.
4. Lodge, David, ed. (1988). Modern Criticism and Theory: A Reader. Harlow: Longman.
5. Мостовская Н.Н. И.С.Тургенев и русская журналистика 70-х годов XIX в. / Н. Н. Мостовская. Л.:
Наука, 1983. c. 48,50,215,419,418,420.
6. Petru.G&Estella.A.C. (2008). The History of Literary Criticism. p. 15
WEBLOGRAPHY
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aesthetics-of-everyday/
http://www.iep.utm.edu/literary/
https://books.google.az/books?hl=en&lr=&id=H00kFLypLPQC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=aesthetic+theory
+in+literary+criticism&ots=jM3TsADl9U&sig=0d23En3y5h_uRaK5nl3Btysjd8g&redir_esc=y#v=onepa
ge&q=aesthetic%20theory%20in%20literary%20criticism&f=true
https://books.google.az/books?hl=en&lr=&id=o46WtblHiqsC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=analysis+of+ aesthe
tic+theory&ots=t8LYnGYBk0&sig=LQeq_DQsTUbcoRUWX8R5iwBmcgI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q
=analysis%20of%20aesthetic%20theory&f=false
XÜLASƏ
ƏDƏBİ TƏNQİDDƏ ESTETİK NƏZƏRİYYƏ
(ƏDƏBİ TƏNQİDDƏ ESTETİK MEYARLARIN TƏHLİLİ)
Kərimova V.S.
Açar sözlər: məqsəd, estetik nəzəriyyə, işin ictimai əhəmiyyəti, ədəbi tənqid, tənqidçilər və
yazıçılar.
Təqdim edilən məqalənin əsas məqsədi ədəbi tənqiddə estetik nəzəriyyə, başqa sözlə desək, ədəbi
tənqiddə estetik meyarı təhlil etməkdən ibarətdir. Fəlsəfi və estetik nəzəriyyə tənqidçi və yazıçıların bədii
təcrübəsinin nəticəsi olaraq oxuculara tənqidin fəlsəfi və estetik cəhətinin güclü və təməl təcrübələrinin
formalaşmasına daha da yaxın olmaq üçün imkan verir.
РЕЗЮМЕ
ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕОРИЯ В ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИИ
(АНАЛИЗ ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКИХ КРИТЕРИЕВ В ЛИТЕРАТУРНОЙ КРИТИКE)
Керимова В.С.
Ключевые слова: смысл, эстетическая теория, общественная полезность работы,
литературная критика, критики и писатели
Основной смысл представляемой статьи – эстетическая теория в литературоведении, другими
словами, анализ эстетических критериев в литературной критике. Эстетико-философская теория, как
итог творческих опытов критиков и писателей, дает читателям возможность формирования крепкого
и фундаментального опыта распознования философско-эстетических сторон литературной критики.
.
Daxil olma tarixi:
İlkin variant
16.02.2017
Son variant
16.03.2017
Valida S. Karimova