Uzbekistan state world languages university translation faculty guiding and interpreting activities

Recent events
In the last few decades, there has been an upward trend in tourism, [unclear] , especially in Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common. Tourists have a wide range of budgets and tastes, and various resorts and hotels have been developed to satisfy them. For example, some people prefer simple beach vacations, while others want more specialized vacations, quieter resorts, family-oriented vacations, or upmarket hotels. Jumbo jets, low-cost airlines and changes in air transport infrastructure such as more accessible airports have made many forms of tourism more affordable. The main reason for the relatively low cost of air travel is the tax exemption of aviation fuel. The WHO estimated in 2009 that there were about half a million people on board an airplane at any given time. There have also been changes in lifestyle, for example some people of retirement age are continuing tourism year-round. Selling tourist services on the Internet will help this. Some sites are now offering dynamic packaging, which shows an inclusive price for a special package requested by the customer. how many failures happened. Also, on December 26, 2004, the tsunami caused by the 2004 earthquake in the Indian Ocean hit Asian countries in the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives. Thousands of people died, including many tourists. This, along with large-scale clean-up operations, temporarily halted or severely disrupted tourism in the region. In the 2000s, especially with the strong growth of the hostel market and the establishment of services such as CouchSurfing and airbnb, individual low-cost or even zero-cost overnight stays became popular. There are also examples of jurisdictions where a significant proportion of GDP is spent on converting tourism into a major source of income, as in Dubai.

CHAPTER II. TYPES OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES AND TOURIST ATTRACTIONS

2.1. Types Of Tourism Activities

Sustainable tourism
Sustainable tourism is a concept that encompasses the entire tourism experience, including attention to economic, social and environmental issues, as well as a focus on improving the tourist experience and meeting the needs of host communities. Sustainable tourism must encompass concerns for environmental protection, social equity and quality of life, cultural diversity, and a dynamic, viable economy that provides jobs and prosperity for all. Its roots are in sustainable development, and there can be confusion about what "sustainable tourism" means. : 23 There is now a broad consensus that tourism should be sustainable. In fact, all forms of tourism have the potential to be sustainable if properly planned, developed and managed. Tourism development organizations are promoting sustainable tourism practices to mitigate the negative impacts of growing tourism, such as its impact on the environment.
The United Nations World Tourism Organization has emphasized these practices by promoting sustainable tourism as part of the Sustainable Development Goals through programs such as the 2017 International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development. 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). : 26 Tourism for SDGs SDG 8 ("decent work and economic growth"), SDG 12 ("responsible consumption and production") and SDG 14 ("life under water") in creating a sustainable economy focused on how it affects tourism. . According to World Travel & Tourism Travel, tourism "accounted for 10.3% of world GDP, with international tourist arrivals at 1.5 billion marks in 2019 (3.5% growth)) and $1.7 trillion in export earnings, improvements are expected to come from appropriate management aspects that include sustainable tourism as part of a broader sustainable development strategy.⁹
Ecotourism
Main article: Ecotourism
Ecotourism, also known as ecotourism, is responsible travel to fragile, pristine, and usually protected areas that tends to be low-impact and (often) small-scale. It helps to educate the traveler; provides funds for nature protection; directly benefits the economic development and political empowerment of local communities, and promotes respect for different cultures and human rights. Take only memories and leave only footprints - a very common motto in protected areas. Following the trend of tourists adopting sustainable behavior and focusing more on being environmentally responsible, tourism destinations are moving towards low carbon emissions.
Voluntary tourism
Main article: Volunteer tourism
Voluntourism (or voluntourism) is growing as a predominantly Western phenomenon, where volunteers travel to help those less fortunate in order to counter global inequalities. Wearing (2001) defines voluntourism as "tourists who volunteer in an organized manner for various reasons that may be related to the relief or assistance of material poverty of certain groups in society. " describes as relevant. The VSO was established in Great Britain in 1958, and the US Peace Corps was later established in 1960. These were the first large-scale voluntary organizations that appeared to modernize economically less developed countries. communism. ¹⁰
This form of tourism is largely praised for its sustainable approach to travel, with tourists attempting to immerse themselves in local cultures and avoiding criticisms of consumerist and exploitative mass tourism. However, there is growing criticism from scholars that voluntourism can have a negative impact as it undermines local labor and forces reluctant host communities to adopt Western initiatives, and host teams that don't have a strong legacy can't. keep volunteers dissatisfied with the experience and the volunteer shortage continues. Organizations such as VSO are increasingly involved in community-based volunteer programs where the power to control the community's future is in the hands of local residents.
Poor tourism
Pro-poor tourism, which seeks to help the poorest people in developing countries, is increasingly being promoted by development practitioners; This issue has been addressed through small projects in local communities and efforts by the Ministries of Tourism to attract large numbers of tourists. Research by the Overseas Development Institute shows that it is not the best way to encourage tourist money to reach the poorest, as only 25% or less (and in some cases much less) are poor. reaches the als; Successful examples of money reaching the poor include mountain climbing in Tanzania and cultural tourism in Luang Prabang, Laos. In the developed world, regeneration centers also have the potential to adopt pro-poor tourism principles.
Recession tourism
Sustainable tourism is a travel trend that has developed as a result of the global economic crisis. Resilience tourism is characterized by both low-cost and high-value experiences occurring simultaneously in popular public resorts. Various tourism hotspots have seen business boom during the recession due to relatively low living costs and a sluggish global labor market, suggesting that travelers are extending their trips where their money will last longer. This concept is not widely used in tourism research. This is related to the more well-known short-term phenomenon.¹¹
Medical tourism
Main article: Medical tourism
Where there are significant price differences between countries for certain medical procedures, notably Southeast Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Eastern Europe, Cuba and Canada have different regulatory regimes for specific medical procedures. . (eg, dentistry), travel to take advantage of differences in pricing or regulation is often referred to as "medical tourism."
Educational tourism
Educational tourism is developing due to the increasing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and increasing technical skills outside the classroom. Brent W. Ritchie, publisher of Managing Educational Tourism, created a geographic unit study to show how tourism has educated high school students over the past 15 years. In educational tourism, the focus of an excursion or recreational activity involves visiting another country to learn about the culture, study tours, or apply skills learned in the classroom in a different setting, such as an international internship. Training program. In 2018, many exchange students traveled to America to provide financial assistance to students in order to maintain their high school education.
Event tourism
This type of tourism focuses on tourists who come to the region to attend an event or see an event organized by the city/region. This type of tourism can also be referred to as sustainable tourism, and in order to participate in a sustainable event, companies open up opportunities for learning and developing experiences not only for the consumer, but also for their workers. Creating a sustainable atmosphere creates an opportunity to inform and encourage sustainable practices. An example of event tourism is the annual South by Southwest music festival in Austin, Texas. Every year, people from all over the world come to the city for a week to sit in on tech talks and see bands perform. People are drawn here to experience things they cannot experience in their own cities, which defines event tourism.¹²
Creative tourism
Creative tourism as a form of cultural tourism has existed since the beginning of tourism itself. Its roots in Europe date back to the time of the Grand Tour, in which the sons of aristocratic families traveled primarily for an interactive, educational experience. More recently, creative tourism was given its name by Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards who, as members of the Association for Education in Tourism and Leisure (ATLAS), managed a number of projects for the European Commission, including cultural and craft tourism. , known as sustainable tourism. They defined "creative tourism" as tourism related to the active participation of travelers in the culture of the host community through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences.
At the same time, the concept of creative tourism has been adopted by prestigious organizations such as UNESCO, who have endorsed creative tourism through the Creative Cities Network as an interesting, authentic experience that helps to actively understand the specific cultural characteristics of a place. . UNESCO wrote in one of its documents: "Creative tourism" involves a greater interaction in which the visitor interacts with the place, its culture and the people who live there in an educational, emotional, social and the participant interacts. citizen". Thus, the tourist has the opportunity to participate in seminars, activities and events related to the culture of the destination.
Recently, creative tourism has become popular as a type of cultural tourism based on the active participation of travelers in the culture of the host communities they visit. Several countries are exemplifying this type of tourism development, including the United Kingdom, Austria, France, the Bahamas, Jamaica, Spain, Italy, New Zealand, and South Korea.¹³
The growing interest of tourists in this new way of discovering culture is particularly relevant for operators and branding managers, who want to attract quality tourism, they focus on highlighting DIY heritage (craftsmanship workshops, cooking courses, etc.) and optimization opportunities. use of existing infrastructure (for example, by renting halls and auditoriums).