Zaza anCabaZe evropuli saqarTvelo
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22 Caldinebs (imave Calibebs) Chaldeans (or Chalybs) homerosma saxelad rogorc aliZonebi Alidzons daarqva~. aseve, igi daJinebiT amtkicebda, rom aliZonebi iberiuli tomi iyo. imxanad kavkasiaSi bevri patara Zveli tomi dasaxlda, rogorc amas romauli da berZnuli wyaroebi gvamcnoben. biZerebi Bidzers pompeusTan erTad ibrZodnen. homerosis `iliadaSi~ Homer’s `Iliad~ (ixilavT momdevno TavebSi) Cven vkiTxulobT, rom troas omSi ibrZodnen qarTuli tomebi – aliZonebi da makrinesebi. kabadokielebi Cappadocians. wm. giorgi da wm. nino kabadokielebi iyvnen. berZeni strabonic kabadokiidan iyo. kabadokiaSi daaxloebiT 200 miwisqveSa qalaqia, 18 sarTuliTa da 40 metris siRrmiT, mTeli infrastruqturiT aRWurvili, sadac SeiZleba 30 aTasi adamiani dasaxldes. is msgavsia sxva kldeSi gamokveTili qalaqebisa, rogorebicaa – varZia da ufliscixe. pelasgebi Pelasgians. vidre berZnebi (indoevropelebi) saberZneTis teritoriaze gafarTovdebodnen, iq ukve arsebobda kulturulad mowinave qarTuli tomi troas, kretas da mikenis Troy, Crete and Mycenae centrSi. berZnebma maTgan gadaiRes damwerloba, soflis meurneoba, nagebobebi da religiac ki, romelTac preolimpiur RmerTebs uwodebdnen da romelTa Soris yvelaze mniSvnelovani iyo dionise. pelasgebi iyvnen pirveli evropelebi, romelTac bosforis srute gadakveTes da dasaxldnen evropis, momavali saberZneTis, teritoriaze. humboldti wers pelasgel emigrantebze, romlebic evropaSi gadasaxldnen, rogorc iberielebi Iberians. plutarqe Plutarch dasZenda, rom swored maT aRmoaCines romi. keltoiberielebi dasaxldnen bretonsa da provansSi. baskoiberielebi gadasaxldnen iberiis naxevarkunZulze. swored amitom pelasgebis mier mitovebuli teritoria daikaves indoevropelma berZnebma CrdiloeTidan, Zv. w. me8 saukuneSi.
Sua saukuneebis qarTuli wyaro `moqcevai qarTlisai~ `Moktsevai Kartlisai~ (`Conversion of Kartli~) gviyveba azosa Azo da misi xalxis Sesaxeb, romelic arianqarTlidan iyo – protoiberielebis Tavdapirveli samSoblodan, da romelic iyo midiuri da mogvianebiT aqemeniduri sparseTi. ra Tqma unda, aleqsandre didis mier saberZneTis aqemeniduri imperiis ganadgurebam Sansi misca iberielebs ganesazRvraT sakuTari bedi. kidev erTi qarTuli qronika `qarTlis cxovreba~ (`qarTlis istoria~) `Kartlis Tskhovreba~ (`History of Kartli~) gvamcnobs, rom azo
23 iyo warmoSobiT arianqarTveli da rom gaxldaT aleqsandre didis oficeri. rogorc wyaro iuwyeba, man amoxoca adgilobrivi mmarTvelis ojaxi da daipyro teritoria, romelic mis mflobelobaSi iyo, sanam Zv. w. me4 saukuneSi adgilobrivma mmarTvelma mefe farnavazma Pharnavaz ar daamarcxa. plutarqe wers, rom `iberielebi arasdros yofilan dapyrobilni midielebis an sparselebis mier, isini mudmivad Tavs aRwevdnen aleqsandre dids~. manamde, Zv. w. 401400 wlebSi cnobili berZeni generali daiZra 10 000 jariskacTan erTad mcire aziidan da oqros kolxeTidan, romelic aseve kargad iyo cnobili saberZneTSi argonavtebamde. rogorc qarTuli wyaroebi gvamcnoben, aleqsandre arasdros Sesula kavkasiaSi rogorc dampyrobeli, radgan sulieri da ezoTeruli Sedegebis SiSi hqonda. sxvaTa Soris, aliansma qsenofontesTan erTad Tavi daaRwia sparseTis batonobas da Zv. w. 331 wels, mas Semdeg, rac aleqsandre didma daamarcxa darous III, Camoyalibda gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos monarqia. farnavaz I Pharnavaz Zv. w. 302237 wlebSi iyo iberiaqarTlis pirveli mefe, romelmac daaarsa qristianobamdeli dinastia. is miiCneva qarTvelebis miTiur aRmomCenad. farnavazis saxelis nawili sparsuli Zirisaa, rac `RvTaebriv sikaSkaSe~s niSnavs. rogorc sparseTis uZvelesi miTebidan vigebT, farnavazis deda sparseli iyo. man Tavisi da SerTo colad egrisis (kolxeTis) mmarTvels da iberia da egrisi gaaerTiana monaTesave saxelmwifoebad. gamoiwvia azoni, romelmac dauxoca winaprebi, da mokla brZolaSi. gaerTianebul saxelmwifoSi, mcxeTasTan axlos, aaSena cixe, romelsac uwoda armazcixe da daadgina armazis mTvaris kerpi. ganaxorciela qarTuli enis reforma da Seqmna qarTuli anbani, romelmac Caanacvla arameuli damwerloba, rasac qristianobamdeli arqeologiuri dokumentebi mowmobs. ase rom, aRmosav le
Tis iberiaqarTliTubalimeSexi IberiaKart li TubalMeshekh da dasav leTis diaoxikolxeTiegrisi DiaochiColchisEgrisi gaerTiandnen erT saxelmwifod, romelsac bediswerad ergo ebrZo la gadarCenisTvis or Zlier saxelmwifosTan: mi diansparseTiranelebTan da ro mael bizantielebTan (mogvianebiT TurqeTi). iberieli mefeebi Tavisive miwebze warmoSobiT iyvnen iranelebi, somxebi, afxazebi, osebi, durZukebi Dzurdzurks (CeCnebi an inguSebi). iberieli mefeebi tolerantebi iyvnen da TavianT miwebs uTmobdnen emigrantebs, raTa dasaxlebuliyvnen, magaliTad, ebraelebs mcxeTis zanavis meoTxedi. amave dros, iberielebi migraciaSi midiodnen intensiurad, raTa ukeTesi adgili epovaT sacxovreblad (pelasgebis
24 saxeliT) da ase daarsda dasavleT iberia. miu xe
davad imisa, rom Zal ze sastiki omebi iyo, iberielebi mona wi leob dnen im drois yve la brZolasa da ka tak liz mebSi. kavkasiis sa mi qve yana – iberia, som xeTi da albaneTi – ebrZoda erTmaneTs an mezobel qveynebs – iranparTias, rumineTs, silusidis im pe rias, pon tos, skvi Teb sa da sxv. Zv. w. 66 wels pontos imperiis damarcxebis (pon tos mefe miTridate VI) 1 Semdeg, romaelma generalma gnus pompeusma Gnus Pompeus daiwyo saomari moqmedebebi somxeTis, albaneTisa da iberiis winaaRmdeg. somxeTis mefis tigranis damarcxebis Semdeg, pompeusi daiZra qarTlisa da albaneTisken. Zv. w. 65 wels mefe artagi (igive artosi Zv. w. 7863 ww.) iZulebuli gaxda danebeboda. strabonisa da plutarqes cnobebiT, iberiis mefes pompeusisTvis ZRvnad miurTmevia masiuri oqrosgan dazadebuli sawoli, magida da samefo taxti, rac SesaZlebelia protoqarTvelebis mier wamoRebuli iqna babilonis dacemis Semdeg. plutarqes Tanaxmad, imave wels pompeusi SeiWra albaneTSi da albaneTis mefe daamarcxa. plutarqe aseve dasZenda, rom `pompeusi brZolis Semdeg kaspiis zRvisken gaemarTa, magram 3 dReSi ukan mobrunda, radgan bevri adamiani daiRupa qvewarmavlis nakbeniT, somxeTTan man ukan daixia~. Zv. w. 63 wels pompeusma samxreTisken, selevkidebis qveynebisken gadainacvla, SemoierTa siria da daaarsa iudeis proteqtorati, sadac ieso daibada. albaneTi, kavkasiis mesame samxreT saxelmwifo, romelic axlandeli azerbaijanis teritoriazea. `albaneTi~ laTinuri sityvaa da niSnavs `mTian miwas~. kavkasieli albanelebi iyvnen ibero-kavkasieli xalxi. 1 rodesac romisTvis brZolaSi iulius keisarma pompeusi daamarcxa, pontos mefe miTridate, pompeusis mier dasmuli, ajanyda, magram keisarma ajanyeba CaaxSo. is Tavis cnobil moxsenebaSi werda: `Veni, vidi, vici...~ `pompeusis xidi~ mcxeTaSi, aSenebuli pompeusis legionerebis mier Yüklə 4,48 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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