ekaterine fircxalava
336
liT ar minaxavs da verafers getyvi, CemTvis uzbekeTia Cemi sam-
Soblo~ — 48 wlis qali. `me mgoni samSoblo iq aris, sadac kargad
grZnob Tavs Sen, Seni ojaxi da Seni Svilebi, me amerikam momca
yvelaferi da Cemi samSoblo amerikaa~ — 32 wlis qali. „me Turqi
var, uzbekeTSi davibade, vcxovrobdi krasnodarSi. amboben, Ce-
mi samSoblo saqarTveloa, magram amerikis moqalaqe var, me sam-
Soblo ar maqvs. SegiZlia Sen miTxra, sad aris Cemi samSoblo? me
ar vici“ — 19 wlis vaJi.
saqarTvelo
— aqac or nawilad iyofa samSoblos cneba. er-
Tni amboben, rom es aris „vatani“ — samSoblo — saqarTvelo da
amitomac undodaT ukan dabruneba, meoreni ki amboben, rom es
mSoblebis samSobloa da amitomac dabrundnen aq.
6. daskvna
kvlevis mizani iyo daedgina gansxvavebuloba mahmadiani mes-
xebis
adaptaciisa im garemoSi, sadac isini cxovroben; ra gze-
biT axerxeben isini garemosTan morgebas, ras inarCuneben da ras
cvlian TavianT qcevebSi.
unda aRiniSnos, rom mahmadiani mesxebis istoriuli warsu-
li did gavlenas axdens axal garemoSi maT cxovrebaze, rac
sxvadasxvanairad aisaxeba da gamoixateba cvalebadobaSic da
tradiciebis SenarCunebaSic. gansxvavebuli garemo gansxvavebu-
lad aisaxeba maT cxovrebaze. 6 weli ar aris didi dro asimila-
ciis procesisTvis, Tumca, akulturaciis — qceviTi asimilaci-
is Sesaxeb informantebTan saubris Semdeg SeiZleba iTqvas Sem-
degi: amerikaSi integraciis procesebi
ufro SeimCneva. axali
garemos gavlena gansakuTrebiT igrZnoba CrdiloeT amerikaSi
mcxovrebi mahmadiani mesxebis cxovrebaze: — Secvlilia urTi-
erTobebi meuRleebs Soris; SesamCnevia stereotipebis ngreva
garemos gavleniT, rac gamoixateba amerikaSi mcxovrebi mahma-
diani mesxebis gansxvavebul damokidebulebebSi
sxvadasxva sa-
kiTxis mimarT, kerZod, qalebis swavlasTan da sazogadoebriv
aqtivobasTan; ojaxis Seqmnis dros igrZnoba qalis, rogorc mxa-
ris, meti CarTuloba, rasac
ver vityviT saqarTveloSi mcxov-
reb mahmadian mesxebze.
muslimi mesxebis integracia
saqarTvelosa da amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi
337
identifikaciur asimilacias rac Seexeba, — muslimi mesxebi
amerikelebad Tavs ar Tvlian. maTi identifikacia gansxvavebu-
lia saqarTvelosa da amerikaSi. axali garemo ver cvlis am pro-
cess, vgulisxmob imas, rom nawili mahmadiani mesxebisa saqar-
TveloSi Tvlis, rom isini ZirZveli qarTvelebi arian, romel-
Tac ena ver SeinarCunes da verc sarwmunoeba. sxvebi Tvlian,
kerZod, lankasterSi mcxovrebi mahmadiani mesxebi, rom isini
„axicxa“ Turqebi arian, — ara Turqebi istoriuli TurqeTidan,
aramed „axalcixeli Turqebi“. es jgufi ki arc Turqia da arc
qarTveli. Tumca, SesaZlebelia, garkveuli drois gasvlis Sem-
deg, Taobebis cvalebadobasTan erTad, cvalebadoba maTac Se-
etyoT, magram albaT jer ar gasula sakmarisi dro, rom Tavi
amerikelad igrZnon.
ojaxuri/saqorwino asimilacia/ adgilobriv mcxovrebleb-
ze daqorwineba — am mimarTulebiTac bevri araferi Secvlila.
es am xalxisTvis naklebad aris damaxasiaTebeli, mxolod erTe-
uli SemTxvevaa cnobili, roca isini sxva erovnebis adamianebTan
qmnian ojaxs. isini ojaxis Sesaqmnelad mxolod muslim mesxebs
eZeben. monacemebi socialuri distanciis testidan swored amas
gviCvenebs, — mxolod umciresobas aqvs gaxsniloba/Riaoba sxva
erovnebis adamianebis mimarT, isic SezRudulad da mxolod re-
ligiuri TvalsazrisiT siaxlovis dros. sxva SemTxvevaSi res-
pondentebis umravlesoba Tvlis, rom TavianT Svilebs mxolod
mahmadian mesxebze daaqorwineben, es ki gordonis asimilaciis
Teoriis am nawils ar emTxveva. es aris daxuruli jgufi, rome-
lic wlebis ganmavlobaSi mxolod jgufis SigniT eZebs ojaxSi
meore naxevars. am TvalsazrisiT longituduri kvlevis gagrZe-
leba Zalian saintereso iqneba.
garemosTan urTierToba Zalze distanciuri aqvT, axal-
gazrda Taoba skolaSi da kolejSi, rogorc amboben, umtkivneu-
lod urTierTobs, xolo mezoblobaSi, rogorc Cveni respon-
dentebi mogviTxroben, amerikulad “Hi-Bay“-is principiT cxov-
roben;
samoqalaqo (sazogadoebrivi) asimilacia — nel-nela es pro-
cesi ikidebs fexs. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, garemos cvlileba
aisaxa mahmadiani mesxebis cxovrebazec da
maT wes-Cveulebeb-
ekaterine fircxalava
338
zec. amerikaSi mcxovrebi muslimi mesxebis nawili ukve moqala-
qea, nawili elodeba moqalaqeobas da maT ar aqvT gegmaSi
ad-
gilmdebareobis Secvla, amitomac garemos mier nakarnaxevi we-
sebi nel-nela
interiorizdeba, radgan axali garemo axal we-
sebs gvTavazobs da imisTvis, rom sazogadoeba moergos da icx-
ovros axal garemoSi, unda miiRos kidec es wesebi.
arsad, arc erT qveyanaSi, sadac mahmadian mesxebs ucxov-
riaT gadasaxlebis Semdeg, rogorc kvlevebi adastureben, ar
yofilan im sazogadoebis nawili, visTan erTadac cxovrobdnen.
axla asea amerikasa da saqarTveloSic, radganac maT qcevaSi Se-
saZlebelia mxolod nawili im CamonaTvalisa SeiniSnos, rasac
gordoni gvTavazobs rogorc asimilaciis sazoms. muslimi mes-
xebi ar arian asimilirebuli, integraciis procesi ki nel-nela
mimdinareobs. is dro, romelic gavida maTi adgilmdebareobis
Secvlis Semdeg, ar aris sakmarisi asimilaciisTvis, magram in-
tegraciis procesi dawyebulia.
literatura:
1.
Baratashvili, M. (1998) Legal State of Meskh repatriants in Geor-
gia.Tbilisi.
2.
Bugai, N. (1994)
:
(Turks from Meskheti: a Long Way to Rehabilitation)
,
.
3.
Gordon, M. M. (1964). Assimilation in American life. The Role of
Race, Religion, and National Origins. New York: Oxford University
Press.
4.
Kang, S. M. (2006). Measurement of Acculturation, Scale Formats,
and Language Competence: Their Implications for Adjustment Journal
of Cross-Cultural Psychology.
5.
Koriouchkina E.(2011) Trinity College, 2000. A. M., Brown Universi-
ty, 2002. Contingent Ethnicity in State(s) of Change: The Journey of
Meskhetian Turks from the USSR to the Post-Soviet World. Dissertati-
on. Providence, Rhode Island.
6.
Koriouchkina, E & Swerdlow, S. (2007). The Third Migration: Mes-
khetian Turks' Resettlement and Integration in the United States. In
Dostları ilə paylaş: |