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study of this issue, based on a number of key ideas, not only of cybernetics, with
2H XX century preoccupied with economic issues, but also issues of applied
mechanics, serving for neokonomiki as noted above, one of the sources of the
economic model of technological progress (in addition to the scholastic learning),
but is not considered until the due principal singularity of this theme. Another
moment is a creative action, based on elementary life observations, on the
contradictions of human nature. These and some other things I have presented in
other sections of this book.
On the question of the semiotic nature of money
In Runet, there are several references to the semiotics of money, but all of them
seem to be not on the merits. I take directly the semiotic interpretation of the
phenomenon of money
as an essential, considering it regarding the
interpretation
of the nature of money and the financial world from the position of neoconomics
in O. Grigoriev's presentation, as the position of the only theory in modern
economic science with prognostic value at the beginning of the 21st century.
In his fifth
lecture on economics, O.V. Grigoriev considers two views on the
nature
of money, the first of which concerns the understanding of these as applied to a
single reproduction contour (a concept corresponding in its terminology to a
complex of productive forces and production relations ensuring sustainable
maintenance of the life of the economic community in
oikumene at a certain level
of consumption) and circulating within it, whereas the second – the relationship
between reproductive circuits, assuming a difference in the level s division of
labor in each of them and the emergence of market mechanisms. The first view
presupposes the basis of the monetary system to be tied to a rare resource –
gold, oil, electricity, seashells, etc., the second – the nature of money as the
emitted means of exchange, in which the initial prices between reproduction
loops are set arbitrarily and then specified (for what John Lowe's experiment of
Peter the Great's epoch with the issue of notes and the intensification of
economic processes is resulted). Grigoriev emphasizes the importance of such a
difference in understanding the nature of money and the inadmissibility of mixing
them in interpreting financial processes.
Meanwhile, he does not say anywhere about the sign nature of money anywhere.
I also did not hear a detailed discussion on this topic and with other authors.
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Perhaps I just did not read it from the economy guru somewhere, or it is
supposed to be a self-evident common place, and therefore not considered, but
it's strange. And if this is so, then it will turn out to be no less strange than the
fact that the economy has discovered that the connection between the finiteness
of the markets and the deepening of the division of labor has not been noticed by
the economy.
The notion of money signs is well known, but what is money in general as a sign
system, and what is the specificity of the process of their semiosis? It seems that
such a question in the economy did not arise at all
7
. And although for sure more
careful research will show that I am wrong, I will raise it myself, if it is so little
discussed, whereas about the exponentially growing common role
of the symbolic
and symbolic world in the economic processes of the latter is not even centuries
old and it's somehow disgraceful, not afraid to be banal.
The appeal to this topic reveals even more strangeness: the point is that there is
no need to prove the character nature of money – it is self-evident given for
anyone who is slightly familiar with the notion of what signs and sign systems are.
But two fundamental questions follow from this: the first is why the semiotic
representation is not the basis of the scientific concept of money, and the second
is what follows from such a representation. That is, it is obvious that money in
general is nothing more than a kind of sign system, a specific language, and there
is no money that would not be signs. What is this system?
I'll start with the second question. First of all, it follows that money, other than
money, should have monetary value and monetary meaning. In this respect, the
interpretation of money for one circuit is, apparently, an interpretation in the
aspect of monetary value, whereas the interpretation for several contours is in
the aspect of the actual bank notes. But this is only at first glance. A three-
dimensional view shows that the understanding of money for one reproductive
circuit is unambiguous, that is, interpretation as a sign with one meaning – "a
single measure of value," whereas their understanding as a means of exchange
between reproductive contours is polysemantic, that is, interpretation as a sign
with a set of values. In addition, in the second case there is a conflict of financial
interpretations, and with the initial establishment of prices – the situation of
7
A.Orlean and M. Aglietta do not count: they are talking at the junction of cultural studies and financial science,
but the question of the semiosis of money is not generalized directly and positively.