Stry of higher and secondary specialized education of the republic of uzbekistan termez state university

Summary of the chapter

Analysis of existing views and basic concepts of terminology makes it possible to determine the place of terminological vocabulary among other lexical subsystems of the language. The lexical system of the language as a whole includes units, among which there is not a single one perceived in isolation from this system. In turn, the lexical system of the language consists of various interconnected subsystems, which are the subject of research in various linguistic disciplines. Any language subsystem is used by a team of speakers as a means of communication. Based on this point of view, it is possible to distinguish such language subsystems as: professional vocabulary, common vocabulary, slang vocabulary, dialect vocabulary. Among the layers listed, common vocabulary is the core, and individual sublanguages ​​(specialized lexical subsystems) are on the periphery.

There is a constant exchange between the common and terminological vocabulary, as a result of which there is a determination of special vocabulary and terminology of common vocabulary. Terminological vocabulary is the most dynamic and rapidly developing subsystem of the language, since scientific knowledge is constantly developing, as a result of which new terms are needed to nominate new concepts. It is necessary to distinguish between professional and terminological vocabulary on the basis of postulating a connection between professionalism and everyday knowledge, which is the key difference between professional vocabulary and terminology. Terms are official general scientific designations of a scientific concept, and professionalisms are semi-official in nature and are used when the use of an official general scientific term is not so important.

A critical analysis of the existing definitions of terminology made it possible to identify the most relevant features of this vocabulary class. Based on the definition of A.V. Superanskaya, N.V. Podolskaya, N.V. Vasilyeva, who characterize terminology as a closed vocabulary context necessary for professional communication in any area of human activity.

The cognitive approach to English-language terminology dominating in modern Russian linguistics describes its correlation with the everyday and scientific picture of the world. A number of characteristics of the scientific picture of the world allow us to speak of a close correlation between terminology and NCM. So, for example, such a characteristic as consistency is inherent in both terminology and the scientific picture of the world. The opinion that the scientific picture of the world represents the world of exact science also allows us to draw a parallel between terminology and the scientific picture of the world, since any terminology is a means of verbalizing scientific theories and concepts. The evolution of the scientific picture of the world, changes with the accumulation of new knowledge and ideas about the world around us allow us to talk about another similarity with terminology, since terminological vocabulary is replenished due to the need to name new concepts that arise as new knowledge accumulates. Everything that remains outside of science belongs to the ordinary picture of the world and is verbalized by common vocabulary and professionalism.

The concepts of "term" and "terminology" in the modern synchronous view have a fairly complete scientific description, the distinctive features of these scientific concepts have been studied, which have become the object of research within the framework of terminology. Meanwhile, the historical approach to the study of the theory of terms and terminology has not yet received full coverage in modern linguistic science. In order to analyze the dynamics of the development of the studied terminology and the emergence of construction terms, it seems appropriate to turn to such semantic processes as terminology, determinology and re-terminology. It is through these processes that the terminological vocabulary is replenished and updated. From the point of view of the historical approach to the study of the emergence of synonymy and homonymy in terminological systems, it has been established that homonymy can be compared with reterminologization, which is characteristic of the synchronous stage of terminology development, and it is advisable to identify synonymy and polysemy with terminology and determinology, which is inherent in the diachronic development of terminology.