Хошбяхт ялийева
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Almaz H əsənqızı
- Folklorşünaslığa giriş
- Folklorşünaslığa giriş 261 N əşriyyat redaktoru: Tünzal ə Vahabqızı
Almaz H əsənqızı 252 lost is impact. The textbook had to be renewed according to new reality”. Indeed, a necessity was born for the objective researches which served the nation’s interests after Azerbaijan restored its independence. Thus, “Vocal folklore of Azerbaijan” (1992, 2013) by Pasha Afandiyev, “Azerbaijanian folklore’ (2002, 2009) by Azad Nabiyev, “Scripts on folklore” (2010) and “Folklore lessons” (2012) by Fuzuli Bayat were published. It is undoubtful that these books are very important for the research on folklore studies in Azerbaijan. However, researches written up to know mostly focused on the analysis conducted in the North of Azerbaijan. Researches on folklore studies created in the South of Azerbaijan, as well as in the emigration, were kept out of attention. Let me quote Israfil Abbasli, who is a prominent specialist on folklore studies: “Poetic word art which is an important part of spiritual culture of Azerbaijanian nation is not limited to the geography where it was historically formed. Folklore is more measured by the cultural surrounding of the nation which is its creator. Therefore, wherever today we hear the sounds of Azerbaijanian songs, I believe Azerbaijanian folklore is alive and exists in that place”. Unfortunately, South Azerbaijan has still not escaped the danger of losing its national values – its culture and literature. I believe, in order to see this danger clearly, it is enough just to focus on one point stated in the book titled “Origins of proverbs and samples of vocal folklore of Azerbaijan” by Behruz Haggi, who fought for the freedom of the motherland, who was imprisoned many times, convicted to death and who escaped with hardship and emigrated to Cologne, in Germany: “Those who lose national and humanistic view, would yell that “Azerbaijanis are the heroes without fear and Azerbaijanian Folklorşünaslığa giriş 253 lands are as precious as the head of Iran”. But when you ask “What is the language of this head?”, they would try to escape the answer. They are right, because for many long years hegemony, injustice, ignorance and pressure in Iran cut the language of this head with the sharp sword of Persian chauvinism and tried to turn it to an unanimated object. But Azerbaijanian nation were able to win this fight by preserving its mother tongue and folklore which rests in within them. They won with their language and folklore”. These words show how precious folklore is in these lands. If about thirty five million Azerbaijanian Turks live in the place called Iran, it is enough to show how significant and abundant folklore scripts rest there. Unfortunately, due to the known circumstances, it is still very difficult to collect and publish this rich heritage. Of course, even though there are many hurdles for the collection of folklore materials in the South of Azerbaijan, there is still some work already done in this field. For example, The Folklore Institute of Azerbaijanian National Academy of Sciences published five books “Folklore of the South of Azerbaijan”. But it is possible to have a clear picture by looking at one fact. If nine volumed book was published by collecting folklore in one region of our motherland – Karabakh, we can clearly see the situation in the South of Azerbaijan. Moreover, there is some, even though little, research on folklore in the South. It is important for our folklore specialists to take into account these researches and analyze them. There is another issue worth mentioning. If we quote I.Abbasi again: “Our comrades who went away from their motherland and nation and emigrated to the foreign lands, took poetic word art with themselves, preserved them and were Almaz H əsənqızı 254 transformed to the carriers of this cultural heritage. It is natural that this public-political and historical process formed the emigration folklore and created basis for the establishment of Azerbaijanian emigration folklore studies”. Though more than twenty years passed since our motherland restored is independence, we still have not completely analyzed the cultural heritage of the most of Azerbaijanian emigrants. Sometimes we also see that the researches done during the independence years still view the researches conducted in the emigration through the prism of the soviet ideological system without any change in the thinking from the previous years. For example, we read the following in the first volume of “The history of Azerbaijanian literature” published in 2004: “...Communist ideology ruled in the history of litearture written in the Soviet Union, while contre-ideology was dominant in the history of emigration literature written in close neighborhood (Turkey). But the main goal was to break the studies of literature and history of literature from conjectures of any ideology and direct it to serve the cultural-spiritual development of the nation”. It is difficult to agree with what is written there on emigration. It is true that most of the specialists in the emigration were political figures and some goals are evidently seen in their fight. But this never was and never could be an ideology against “serving the cultural-spiritual development of the nation”. Morever, in my view, it was better that political goals were on the front line in their reseraches, because different from the colonial ideology of the Soviet system, the emigrants focused on the problem of the liberty and freedom of the motherland and therefore their activities did serve the national interests of Azerbaijanian nation. Folklorşünaslığa giriş 255 Thus, because the researches in the emigration were done far away from any censorship and took into account the national interests, they are more objective and at the same more relevant. Those researches are also a valuable source to picture the real story of the Soviet government because of the false advertisement as a result of the censorship during those years. By the way, the first volume of “The history of Azerbaijanian literature” (six volumes) which was published in 2004 and dedicated to folklore, mentions only Ahmad Jafaroghlu among the specialists in the emigration who conducted researches in this direction. This prominent emigrant folklore specialist has more than five hundred scientific work, out of which hundred are on the folklore issue. The above-mentioned book refers only to two books of A.Jafaroghlu (“The history of Turkish language” and “National life and language balance in our folklore”) and one of them mistakenly was shown as “National life balance in our folklore”. We think there is no need to comment on the following prescient quote of his emigrant friend Huseyn Baykara (Gara Huseynov was forced to go first to Iran and then to Turkey in 1927 because of the political pursuit, he graduated law faculty of Istanbul University and worked as a judge in Elazigh and as a prosecutor in Istanbul) from his book “The history of the fight for independence of Azerbaijan”: “With all its faults, my books “The history of Azerbaijanian culture” and “The history of the fight for independence of Azerbaijan” are the alphabets of the struggle for the independence of Azerbaijan. In the future, more prominent books would be written on this topic. Time will bring up those who learn the history of Azerbaijanian nation and its struggle for independence. Then how and from where that generation Almaz H əsənqızı 256 would learn about this struggle? These are the reasons which made me to write these books”. Though there is some work done to analyze and promote these books in the motherland, it is still not enough. It is interesting that Zakir Sadatli came to the following conclusion when he wrote a preface called “The map of a fate” to the memoire titled “The stories of my life” of Aziz Alpoud, heroic son of Azerbaijan who never stopped to fight for the independence (who was convicted to death wrongfully by the decision of the soviet political regime, escaped the exile in Siberia miraculously, had to be far away from his motherland and biked through Iran with a lot of difficulties and reached Turkey): “Though stones of shattered Berlin wall are still kept in the collections, unshattered wall of Azerbaijanian emigration still buries enigmas. Sometimes I think that instead of shattering this cursed “wall” which has divided our national ideas, fate, spirit and our integrity into geometrical angles, we are engaged in the “restoration and maintenance” due to the reasons dependent and non-dependent from us”. Thus, the author means that we still have not learnt the rich emigration heritage and we have to give credit to him on that. Even though, it is very difficult to collect folklore materials in the South of Azerbaijan, some work was conducted in this field during recent years. Therefore, the book presented here, has focused both on the researches conducted in the South of Azerbaijan and in the emigration. Lately, a special focus is given to the strengthening of interdisciplinary relations while implementing new education approaches and innovative methods in secondary and higher education establishments. Taking this into account, relation of folklore with other disciplines, which was superficially Folklorşünaslığa giriş 257 covered in the textbooks written up to now, was analyzed more comprehensively in this book. The list of sources which we consider important for analyzing Azerbaijanian folklore is attached to the end of this book. Almaz H əsənqızı 258 MÜNDƏRİCAT Giriş ......................................................................................... 3 Folklor n ədir .......................................................................... 12 Folklorşünaslığın qaynaqları ................................................. 20 Folklor v ə dil ......................................................................... 28 Folklor n əzəriyyələri ............................................................. 36 Müqayis əli folklorşünaslıq .................................................... 46 Folklor v ə mifologiya ............................................................ 59 Folklor v ə yazılı ədəbiyyat .................................................... 63 Folklor v ə musiqi .................................................................. 72 Folklor v ə etnoqrafiya ........................................................... 80 Folklor v ə tarix ...................................................................... 84 Folklor v ə hüquq ................................................................... 94 Folklor v ə riyaziyyat ............................................................ 105 Folklor v ə xalq təbabəti ....................................................... 111 Folklor v ə coğrafiya ............................................................ 120 Folklor v ə din ...................................................................... 125 Folklor v ə pedaqogika ......................................................... 133 Folklor v ə psixologiya ......................................................... 137 Folklor v ə kulinariya ........................................................... 141 M ərasim folkloru ................................................................. 147 Folklorşünaslığa giriş 259 Xalq ədəbiyyatının janrları .................................................. 152 Aşıq yaradıcılığı .................................................................. 209 Folklor v ə ideoloji basqılar ................................................. 216 Folklorun toplanması və yazıya alınması prinsipləri........... 226 Tövsiy ə edilən ədəbiyyat ..................................................... 236 Summary ............................................................................. 249 Almaz H əsənqızı 260 Almaz H əsənqızı (Almaz H əsən qızı Hüseynova) Folklorşünaslığa giriş Bаkı “Elm v ə təhsil” 2015 Folklorşünaslığa giriş 261 N əşriyyat redaktoru: Tünzal ə Vahabqızı Bilgisayar b əzəyi: Zahid M əmmədli “ Elm və təhsil ” nəşriyyatının direktoru: professor Nadir Məmmədli Çapa imzalanmış 25.12.2015 F оrmatı 64х108 1/16 Şərti çap vərəqi 19,2 Sayı 500 Sifariş № 483 Qiym əti müqavilə ilə Kitab « E lm və təhsil » nəşriyyat-poliqrafiya müəssisəsində səhifələnib çap olunmuşdur. E-mail: nurlan1959@gmail.com Tel: 497-16-32 511-37-82; 050-311-41-89 Ünvan: Bakı, İçərişəhər, 3-cü Maqomayev döngəsi 8/4. Document Outline
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