a s o s id ir. O l a m d a g i n a r s a l a r n i n g h a m m a s i n i t a q q o s l a b
k o ‘rish y o 'l i b i l a n bila o lm asak , b o s h q a y o ‘l bilan bila
o lm a y m iz . A g a r b i z h e c h narsa bilan s o lishtirishim iz va
farqini bilib o l i s h im i z m u m k in b o ‘lm a g a n b i r o n - b i r narsaga
d u c h k e l g a n i m i z d a ed i, u holda b iz s h u n arsa t o ‘g fcrisida
h e c h q a n d a y fik r hosil qila o lm a g a n b o ‘lar edik.
Y u q o r i d a g i l a r d a n k o ‘rinib t u r i b d i k i , t a q q o s l a b fikr
y u ritish o p e r a t s iy a s i sezgilarim iz va i d r o k la r i m i z d a hati
g a v d a la n m a g a n o ‘xshashlik va ta fo v u tn i to p ish zaruriyati
vujudga k elgan p a y td a n a m o y o n b o ‘ladi. Psixologiyada y a n a
s h u n a r s a m a ’I u m k i , sezgi v a i d r o k i m i z d a d a s t a v v a l
n a r s a l a r n i n g v a h o d is a l a r n i n g
0
‘x s h a s h va fa rq la n u v c h i
t o m o n i k o ‘zg a y a q q o l tashlanadi.
T a q q o sla sh operatsiyasi ikki xil y o ‘l b ilan a m alg a oshishi
m u m k in : a m a l i y ( k o n k r e t narsalarni b ev o sita solishtirish)
va n a z a riy ( t a s a w u r q ilina yotga n o b r a z l a r va narsalarni
o n g d a flk ra n t a q q o s l a s h ) . Agar in s o n ikkita q o ‘lida yuk
k o ‘tarib tu r i b b i r n e c h a xil t a o m m a z a sin i qiyoslasa, ikki
p ay k a l p a x t a z o r h o s il d o r lig i n i t a q q o s l a s a — b u a m a l i y
t a q q o s l a s h b o ‘l a d i . S h u n i n g d e k , o ' q u v c h i l a r q a l a m n i
steijenga, c h i z g l c h n i y o g 'o c h g a y o k i q o g ‘o zga solishtirsalar,
u a n a lo g ik h o l a t d a g i m isol bo'ladi. B u n d a n tash q a ri, m e tr
b i l a n m a s o f a n i ( g a z l a m a n i ) , t a r o z i b i l a n o g ‘i r l i k n i ,
t e r m o m e t r b i l a n h a r o r a t n i , te le s k o p b ila n o s m o n j i s m -
larini
0
‘lc h a s h p a y t i d a hani ta q q o s la s h j a r a y o n i vujudga
keladi.
Inson tevarak-atrofdagi barcha narsa va hodisalarni bevo
sita
aks ettirish, q o ‘l bilan paypaslash im k o niya tiga ega emas.
S h u bois, t o 'p l a n a d i g a n bilim larning aksariyati q o i bilan
u s h l a s h , k o ‘z b i l a n k u z a tis h e v a z i g a e m a s , b a lk i fik r
yuritish o r q a li , m a n t i q y o rd a m id a h a m anglashiladi. U la r
o ‘rtasidagi o ‘x sh a sh !ik va farqlar n az ariy ta q q o s la sh asosida
ajratiladi. D e m a k , in s o n olayotgan k e n g k o 'la m d a g i ax b o -
rotlarning fa rq in i fikran taqqoslash y o r d a m i d a anglab yetadi.
J u m l a d a n , o ' q u v c h i l a r dilda o ‘y la y o tg a n narsalarin i fikran
so lish tirib k o kr a d il a r . B a ’zan turli y o s h d a g i kish ila r o ‘z
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